Khwalala of Magellan. History of anapeza

Khwalala of Magellan - m'dziko kwabasi madzi oundana ndi miyala, amene linatsegulidwa kwa nthawi yoyamba wadutsa kuchokera ku October 21 November 28, 1520. Mpaka ndiye, mpaka inamangidwa ndi Panama Canal, ndi Khwalala wakhala zofunika malonda dziko. Mpaka pano, iye anagwiritsa ntchito sitima adzazungulire mbali kum'mwera kwa South America. Pacific ndi Atlantic nyanja ogwirizana pa nthawi imeneyi Komabe, njira anapita mu mbiri monga sizimadziwika ndi zovuta. M'madera ena, Strait of Magellan ndi yopapatiza, anapatsidwa mphepo ndi mafunde, kudutsa kungakhale osadziteteza. masiku awa, wina akhoza kuona malo zapadera zomwe anaona ofufuza oyambirira. Ambiri sitima makampani a America anamuuza kuti ulendo pamodzi wotchuka Khwalala ndi kuona zinthu zochititsa chidwi mwanyanja, yokutidwa ndi miyala ndi oundana.

Ferdinand Magellan - kuyenda panyanja ndipo anatulukira, anabadwa mu banja chabwino 1480. Iye anaphunzira maphunziro kwambiri, anachita chidwi ndi zakuthambo, anaphunzira cosmography panyanja. Kuyambira ubwana wake, loto lake la njira yatsopano inagwirizana "Islands zonunkhira". Iye anali woyamba amene anayambitsa dongosolo la ulendo wa. Pamene mfumu Chipwitikizi sanavomereze cholinga chake, anaganiza tipezekemo thandizo la Spanish mfumu Charles V. Choncho, 1519 Ferdinand Magellan asanu zombo Spanish tidapita ku ufumu. Kuyenda panyanja konse anasiya kukhulupirira kuti penapake pali njira ina ku Asia, Western.

The Tsiku la Oyera Mtima ' mu November 1520, mphepo yamkuntho anayendetsa zombo mu khwalala yopapatiza, yomwe inali m'mphepete mwa miyala ndi oundana. Ndiye gulu lina si n'komwe nkobvuta ulendo kumudikirira kubwera. Iwo adakocheza pafupifupi 600 Km. kudzera njirayi, dzina lake ndi Magellan "Khwalala la Oyera Mtima" ndipo kenako anadzatchedwa kuti Mfumu ya Spain mu Khwalala of Magellan polemekeza wotchuka komanso wolimba mtima kuyenda panyanja.

Kwa zaka zambiri, mpainiyayo anali mkulu yekha amene anakwanitsa kudutsa chipata popanda imfa. Palibe chombo chake linasweka. Ndiponso, iye ali woyamba amene anawoloka ku Atlantic kwa Pacific.

Khwalala of Magellan inali nthawi yaitali yachidule ndi njira malonda kwambiri pakati kugombe la kumadzulo kwa America ndi ku Ulaya. Yolowera dziko m'mphepete mwa nyanja ankalephera, ngakhale Spain si mongoyesa kuti kuphunzira m'deralo. kusowa pachimake chakudya ndi nkhanza nyengo kumabweretsa mavuto. Only mu 19 m'ma kulamulira wopambana. Khwalala of Magellan umayang'anira akuluakulu Chile. Mu 1848 apo anakhazikitsidwa mzinda doko la Punta Arenas, amene isanafike kutsegula mu 1914, Panama Canal anali mmodzi mwa madoko zofunika kwambiri mu dziko.

Khwalala lili pakati pa kumtunda kwa America South ndi zilumba za Tierra del Fuego. Ndi pafupifupi kwathunthu ili mu madzi m'zigawozo Chile yekha kum'mawa kumalekezero limabweretsa Argentina. m'litali ndi za 570 Km ndipo m'lifupi - 2 Km mu malo lopapatiza 20 Km - mu linafalitsidwa kwambiri.

Chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri mu mbiri ya m'zaka za m'ma XVI akuyenda Ferdinand Magellan. Anakwanitsa kutsimikizira kuti dziko lapansi ndi lozungulira. ndime linatsegulidwa ku Atlantic, ndi ku Ulaya anali woyamba kuwoloka waukulu nyanja - pa Pacific. Komanso pa ulendo wa Columbus sanapezenso umboni mfundo dziko ali ambiri a dziko lapansili. Magellan tinapeza kuti chirichonse ndi zosemphana. Iye anasiya chizindikiro chachikulu pa mbiri, ungwazi wake anatsanzira ndi chidwi. zolemba zonse ulendo inatsogolera A. Pigafetta amene ankachita nawo ulendo uno mongodzipereka. zolemba yake ya mbiri yakale yodziwika ndi lolondola ulaliki ndi limodzi ndi mafotokozedwe wapadera.