Chitoliro kwa ngalande za pansi (chithunzi)

Posachedwapa, mu kusinthika kwa mapaipi ntchito perforated mipope corrugated, amene nthiti ndi kuchuluka kwa mabowo ang'onoang'ono. mankhwala amenewa, poyerekeza ndi analogues a mipope polyethylene, ndi nambala yaikulu kwambiri ubwino.

Chifukwa kusankha chitoliro pulasitiki

Chitoliro kwa ngalande za pansi kungakhale mbiya, asibesitosi-simenti kapena ceramic. Mbiya ndi mankhwala ceramic ntchito m'madera citukuko ca ulimi. Komabe, mapaipi awa ndi zolakwa zambiri, iwo MUKACHULUKIDWE kufunika kuchapa kawirikawiri, komanso nthawi yochepa ntchito. Mwa zina, mankhwala amenewa amathandiza kuti ndalama za ntchito. Isanafike unsembe mu thupi la mipope asibesitosi simenti zinalengedwa mabala kuti thanzi la munthu, ndipo inachuluka zovuta kwa ndondomekoyi.

Ntchito simenti asibesitosi ndi ceramic mipope perforated pang'onopang'ono anasiya chifukwa cha kulemera lolemera, amene complicates ndondomeko unsembe. moyo utumiki wawo angafikire zaka 30, ndipo ntchito yomanga idzagwiritsa pamaso pa luso. Ngati mulibe nzeru zina, ntchito pa makonzedwe a dongosolo ngalande ntchito mipope ceramic ndi asibesitosi simenti adzakhala nthawi yaitali. Paokha kuchita Mkhalidwe ngalande ntchito mankhwala amenewa mu madera awo kuli kovuta, kuyambira pamanja anaphedwa perforation adzakhala kudumpha zidutswa ang'onoang'ono a nthaka ndi mchenga, Izi zidzapangitsa kuti plugging mofulumira dongosolo.

ubwino zina mipope pulasitiki

mankhwala amenewa ali wokonzeka kutumikira kwa zaka 60, iwo ali ndi makhalidwe mkulu wa mphamvu, ndi ang'ono ndithu. Kuti ndalama, simungathe amachita chithandizo chochokera. Kupezeka kwa mitundu yonse zamitundu katundu ku ma polima amalola kumanga machitidwe ngalande ndi zokolola mkulu.

Katundu wa chitoliro pulasitiki ngalande

Ngati mukufuna chitoliro kwa ngalande, ndi bwino kusankha mankhwala opangidwa a pulasitiki, monga zambiri ubwino, pakati pawo - nthawi yaitali ntchito, mphamvu chidwi, pakalibe njira dzimbiri, komanso womasuka unsembe. Nthiti ndi wogawana anagawira mu chitoliro, ndipo amathandiza chakuti mankhwala kukumana onse a mavuto ndiponso zotsatira. machubu amenewa ndi kugonjetsedwa kwambiri zinthu zoipa, kutentha ndicho otsika ndi mapangidwe aukali. Mwa zina, iwo mosavuta kupirira akuchitira ndi kusinthasintha unsembe.

Pamene ogwiritsa si chofunika ntchito zinthu akulipira ndi chitoliro kugwirizana wochititsidwa ndi ntchito zovekera pulasitiki. Ngalande chitoliro a pulasitiki ndi wapamwamba kudzipatsa kuyeretsa, limene limatipatsa yosalala makoma lamkati. Malinga owerenga, mapaipi amenewa amakhala ndi osakaniza wabwino wa mtengo ndi khalidwe. Ngati ntchito dongosolo ngalande zipangizo mipope pulasitiki, madzi limapindula nthawi. Inasanduka zotheka kukwaniritsa chifukwa ntchito bwino dongosolo, chotchipa yokonza ndi unsembe mosavuta.

chifukwa umboni wa

Chitoliro kwa ngalande angakhoze kuikidwa kwa akuya mamita 6. chakuti mipope ngati efficiently kusonkhanitsa madzi ndi kupatsira mofulumira, kubweretsa madzi ku malo, facilitates ambiri mabowo. Yotsirizira ndi mbiri wapadera. Ena ojambula zithunzi anapanga mapaipi perforated paokha, kugwiritsa ntchito kubowola mwachizolowezi. Koma ngati pa nthawi ya unsembe wa dongosolo n'kofunika kugwiritsa ntchito paipi ndi fyuluta, ndi bwino kusankha okonzeka zopangidwa mankhwala.

Zosiyanasiyana mipope ngalande zopangidwa pulasitiki

Chitoliro kwa pulasitiki ngalande mwina zosiyanasiyana maziko. Mu kupanga mipope polyvinyl mankhwala enaake zingagwiritsidwe ntchito, propylene ndi mkulu osalimba polyethylene. Zamgululi mwina Mabaibulo osiyanasiyana. Maziko kwambiri nthaka yabwino chubu awiri mipanda kuti zatithandiza mphamvu katundu. Chifukwa malo amene n'zotheka sedimentation ndi clogging ndi particles chabwino, izo tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito paipi ngalande ndi fyuluta. Chitoliro kwa ngalande za pansi awiri chachikulu ntchito milandu pamene muyenera wambirimbiri madzi.

unsembe Malangizo

Idzayamba ndi yokonza ngalande, mmene m'lifupi pansi ayenera kusankhidwa wofanana ndi awiri a payipi ya. Kuti izi ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa mtengo wa masentimita 40. M'chigawo mtanda, m'dzenje mwina ndi amakona anayi kapena trapezoidal mawonekedwe. Pa pansi pasakhale apezeka zovuta, njerwa nkhondo, zinthu lakuthwa ndi miyala, zomwe zikhoza kupangitsa khoma pansi chitoliro lapansi. Ngati inu adzaikidwa ngalande chitoliro, zithunzi mankhwala akulimbikitsidwa kuchita pasadakhale, izi adzalola kumvetsa mtundu wa kusankha. Mu sitepe yotsatira mu ngalande ladzala ndi mchenga, ndiyeno - wosanjikiza miyala. wochindikala sayenera zosakwana 20 masentimita, ndi chitoliro kwa ngalande zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo pamwamba.

The njira ya ntchito

The kumtunda kwa chubu ayenera yokutidwa ndi backfill wosanjikiza chomenyedwa, kutalika kwa amene ayenera 20 cm kapena zambiri. Chotsatira ndi wosanjikiza mchenga, ndi gawo lakunja la nthaka anaika kuwaika. Pamene anasonkhana chitoliro kwa ngalande za pansi, Ndi bwino kuganizira mbuye chithunzi. Izi kupewa zambiri kulakwitsa.

Muyenera kuganizira kuti ndondomeko ya zigawo ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri. Madzi akutembenukira mchenga, osati miyala. Zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo PAD amachita monga fyuluta kuti amalola kusunga otsetsereka chofunika. Wosweka mwala ndi mchenga, wodzala kuchokera pamwamba, zinthu monga fyuluta wosanjikiza ndi kuteteza chubu zisaonongeke makina. chitoliro pulasitiki ayenera kuikidwa pa akuya amene ali pansipa mzere chisanu. Choncho m'pofunika kupereka kukondera, wofanana madigiri 3 kapena zambiri.

Pamene chitoliro ngalande yaikidwa pa msewu kapena malo gawo la cholinga chilichonse, ndikofunika kupereka pamaso pa manholes. Iwo adzaikidwe pa straights ndi kuchotsa mamita 50 Chrixitu. pamaso pawo n'kofunika m'madera adzakhala nawo pa motsatana, kusintha ngodya ndi pa mphambano.

malamulo msonkhano

IPA kuda chitoliro ndi perforations mu sefa chofunika kupewa clogging masamba zinyalala dongosolo ndi particles lalikulu. Ngati mwaganiza kuti agwire ntchito pa ntchito yoika zinthu deta, n'kofunika kukonzekera malo anu ndi kuyang'ana tsatanetsatane, amene nthawi zambiri anapempha mu dipatimenti yoona za chuma m'dziko. Motero, iwo adzakhala kofunika kudziwa nyengo mlingo pansi, kuchuluka kwa madzi amene akugwa mu mawonekedwe a mpweya, makhalidwe nthaka ndi dongosolo nthaka.

Pa khushoni okonzeka kuti zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo ndi geotextile atakulungidwa chubu, ndi kudula mbali mu alipidwa msonkhano mpeni ngati n'koyenera. Pambuyo atagona mipope n'kofunika onani kulondola kwa zolingalira zawo ntchito mfiti iyi, chingwe anatambasula pamodzi payipi ya. Manholes ayenera zokuzira ndi lids zimene kukusalani littering kamangidwe. Ngati ngalande za pansi chitoliro madzi adzaikidwa pa chosowa kuya, kungakhale ndi siudzalandilidwa ngathi lamulo la bwino madzi. Nkofunika kupereka ngodya yolondola wa zanyengo, tikapanda kusamala malamulo pamwamba, uziyenda nyumba mododoma, zikubweretsa mavuto ndi ulamuliro wa madzi.

chifukwa umboni wa

kwa ngalande hoses anaika mu mawonekedwe a mitengo Khirisimasi imatengedwa njira ambiri. mfundo iyi chofunika kwa maukonde a mipope lalikulu chubu-zobwezedwa. Ground madzi wokhometsa adzapita mu msewu dzenje kapena mphepo sewers. Ngati madzi kumaliseche gawo mpando oyenerera pamwamba ndikoyenera kukhazikitsa ngalande bwino, therefrom kudzera madzi mpope ndi mofatsa.

Mtengo wa mapaipi ngalande

Akapita sitolo, inu mukhoza kutenga kuda chitoliro chimene kungakudyereni 70 rubles. osachepera. Malinga ndi awiri, mitundu ndi mtundu, ndi chiwerengero cha mankhwala anagula, mtengo zosiyanasiyana mpaka 4000 rubles. Mtengo wa chitoliro awiri mipanda amene awiri ndi 110 mm, wofanana 75 rubles. Komabe, ngakhale m'modzi ndipo olingana mankhwala mtengo ndi zosiyana pa nthawi.