Chizindikiro cha wophunzira m'mabanja

Kodi "ovulation" amatanthauza chiyani, mkazi aliyense amadziwa. Koma si oimira onse ogonana omwe ali ofooka omwe amadziwa bwino zizindikiro zomwe zimakhudza njirayi ya amayi. Pamene moyo wa mayi umabwera kamphindi yogwirizana ndi chilakolako chokhala ndi mwana, phunziroli likuyamba, ndipo ngati pathupi silikugwira ntchito, mayi amayamba kuchita nawo kufotokoza momveka bwino momwe mkaziyo akuwerengera nthawi yoyamba. Panthawi imeneyi, amayi amadziwika ndi chidziwitso chatsopano - "chizindikiro cha ophunzira" m'mabanja a amayi.

Kusamba

Kuyambira kumwezi (MC) mwa mkazi aliyense amadziwika ndi zosiyana. Kutalika kwa MC kwa mayi aliyense kumatenga masiku 23-35 isanayambe nthawi ya ovulation.

Chiyambi cha kusamba ndi tsiku loyamba la kusamba, kuyambira masiku atatu mpaka asanu ndi awiri. Azimayi okwana 80% amamva kupweteka kwambiri m'mimba pa masiku oyambirira akuyamba kusamba. Zomwe zimapweteka zimayambitsidwa ndi mahomoni omwe amathandiza kukanidwa kwa mucous nembanemba ya chiberekero.

Njira yokonzekera nthawi ya ovulation

Kuyambika kwa msambo kumaphatikizidwa ndi kukula kwa mahomoni opatsa mphamvu (FSH). Hormone iyi imachokera ku gland wotchedwa pituitary. Mtundu uwu uli m'munsi mwa ubongo.

Mapulogalamu onse m'mimba mwake amadzazidwa ndi mlengalenga) amaphatikizapo dzira lomwe liri mu chikhalidwe chachinyamata. Mahomoni a FSH amakhudza gawo loyamba la kusasitsa kwa follicle. Panthawi imeneyi, kupanga hormone estrogen ikuyamba . Pamene follicle imakula, mlingo wa estrojeni m'thupi umakula. Pa chiwerengero cha follicles, chimodzi chokha chikulamulira. Mu follicle imatulutsa dzira.

Mlingo wa maselo a estrogenic umathandiza kudya zakudya ndi magazi m'kati mwa chiberekero. Pa nthawi ya feteleza, dzira lidzalandira zinthu zofunikira kuti chitukuko chikhale chonchi. Estrogen, mlingo umene uli pamwamba, umakhudza kuwonjezeka kwa vitreous mucus (zoonekera, zoyeretsa pang'ono, kukhuta kwazing'ono). Manyowawa amathandiza spermatozoa kusuntha mosavuta mumtambo wa chiberekero ndikukhala kumeneko kwa masiku angapo.

Kuthamanga kwa ovulation

Kuwonjezeka kosavuta kwa mlingo wa estrogen mu thupi kumayambitsa kuphulika kwa mimba ya luteinizing hormone (LH). Zowonjezera za LH zimakhudza njira ya kupasuka kwa follicle, yomwe yakhala yayikulu. Pambuyo pa kupuma kwa follicle kumasiya dzira lokhwima, kugwera mu khola lamagulu. Ndondomekoyi imatchedwa kutsekemera.

Pakati pa akazi pali lingaliro lolakwika kuti nthawi ya ovulation imabwera pa 14 tsiku la MC, koma izi ndizochepa. Kutsekemera m'matenda 90% kumachitika masiku ena a mliriwu. Kuonjezera apo, ovulation ndi njira yovuta. Kuchokera muyendedwe kufikira nthawi, nthawi iyi imapezeka masiku osiyanasiyana, osati kudzipangitsa kukhala ngati thupi.

Njira zozindikiritsira

Mankhwala amachiza ndi 80% malinga ndi kafukufuku wa endocrine. Choncho, ntchito zomangirira zochitika zokhudzana ndi kubereka zimachokera ku kusanthula kusintha kwa mahomoni ndi njira zomwe zimayambitsa mahomoni mu thupi lachikazi. Kuchuluka kwa mahomoni kumatsimikiziridwa ndi mayeso a magazi ndi mkodzo. Kuti mudziwe momwe ntchito yamayamayi imayendera, mayesero oyenerera opatsirana amachitidwa:

1. Kuphunzira kwa Colpocytological. Mayesowa amachitidwa pofuna kudziwa ndi kuzindikira mavuto a ziwalo zazimayi zomwe zimayang'anira kubereka. Kusanthula kumatsimikizira:

• Kutsegula kwa chiberekero, kusabereka ndi zina zotero;
• Kuyamba kwa ovulation.

Mayesowa amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito pipette kapena supuni yapadera. Zomwe zili pa khoma la kumapeto kwa vaginito zimatengedwa ndi chida ndikuyika pamphepete mwa galasi la ma laboratory, kupanga yopapatiza. Mutatha kusonkhanitsa smear youma ndi yamitundu.

2. Kusanthula zinthu za vitreous mucus (chizindikiro cha wophunzira ndi "fern") chimakhazikitsa:

• Kusasamala ndi kusasinthasintha, komwe kumadalira chiwerengero cha mapuloteni ndi ion;
• Kufikira kufika kufika masentimita 14 mkati mwa nthawi ya inoculation;
• Crystallization (chikhalidwe cha mucus pambuyo atayanika pa galasi).

Mphamvu yowonongeka ya mphamvu ya chiberekero imasintha, kutengera maziko a chodabwitsa chotchedwa "chizindikiro cha fern" ndi "chizindikiro cha ophunzira". Njira yodziwiritsira ntchitoyi imachokera pa kuzindikira kuti kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kumakhala pamtundu wa chiberekero.

3. Kutsimikiza kwa kutentha kwapakati. Njirayi imalola kuti zotsatira za progesterone zikhalepo pakati pa kutentha ndi kutentha. Ngati thupi lachikasu limagwira ntchito moyenera - mu nthawi yotsatira pambuyo pake, kutentha kwa thupi kukuwonjezeka.

4. Kufufuza kwake kwapadera pogwiritsira ntchito mapulogalamu otchedwa endometrium. Amatithandiza kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa kusabereka, kusamba kwa msambo, amenorrhea ndi zina zotero.

Kuzindikira kwa chizindikiro cha ophunzira

Pakati pa msambo, chiberekero ndi chiberekero cha kakompyuta zimatha kusintha. Kusintha kumeneku kumayesetseratu ndikuwonetsa kuti ntchito ya ma gonads (ovaries) ndi otani.

Poyamba tsiku lachisanu la chizunguliro, kutsegula kwa chiberekero kumatsegulidwa. Izi zimachitika mpaka ovum akafika pa kusasitsa kwathunthu. Pano mungathe kuona khosi lachiberekero lomwe limatha kumapeto kwa chiwindi (pa tsiku la 21 la MC).

Pofika pamtunda waukulu wa khola lachiberekero (pa 8th-9th tsiku la MC), mawonekedwe a pharynx, omwe mtengo wowala umayendetsedwa, amapeza mtundu wakuda ndipo amafanana ndi wophunzira. Chifukwa chake, chodabwitsa chimenechi chidatchedwa "chizindikiro cha ophunzira" m'mayamayi (chithunzi 3).

Maphunziro a zochitika za "wophunzira"

Chizindikiro cha ophunzira chimagawidwa mu madigiri anai. Mlingo uliwonse umapanga kutalika kwa khola lachiberekero ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo:

1. (-) - chizindikiro cha mwanayo ndi choipa (palibe msuzi mu khola lachiberekero).

2. (+) - ofooka (chithako chachiberekero ndi gulu laling'ono kapena malo opangidwa ndi vitreous discharge).

3. (++) - chizindikiro chabwino cha wophunzira (kutsegula chingwe mpaka 20 mm).

4. (+++) - bwino kwambiri (kutsegula mpaka 30mm ndi mankhwala ochulukirapo a chiberekero).

Zikakhala kuti chizindikiro cha wophunzira pa nthawi ya kusamba sichifotokozedwa bwino, izi ndi umboni wa kuchepa kwa estrogens.

Pofuna kudziwa momwe thupi limakhalira, ma estrogens amadziwitsa kuti ntchentche imakhala yotani. Pachifukwa ichi, timadzi ta vitreous mucus timatengedwa ndipo zotupa zimatsimikiziridwa (momwe zimatambasulidwa). Kutalika kwachilendo kumakhala pakati pa 6 ndi 8 masentimita - izi zimasonyeza kuchuluka kwa estrogen m'thupi.

Chizindikiro chosakhalapo komanso chofatsa cha mwanayo chimasonyeza kuchepa kwa maselo a estrogens, ndipo kuchuluka kwa chiberekero cha khomo lachiberekero kumafuna chithandizo chochuluka cha ziwalo za akazi.

Kukonzekera mapeto a ovulation

Kuzungulira kwa moyo wa dzira lomasulidwa kuchokera ku follicle, kusunthira ku chiberekero, ndi maola 24. Ndi masiku asanakhale ovulation ndi tsiku la ovulation palokha - nthawi yoyenera kubereka. Kutha kwa ovulation itatha, puloteni imayamba kutulutsa hormone yotchedwa "progesterone." Hormone iyi imakonzekera mucosa kuti ikhale ndi dzira la umuna. The follicle imayamba kuyamba mgwirizano ndi kumasula estrogen, pamene akupitiriza kutulutsa progesterone. Nthawi imeneyi ikhoza kudziwika ndi kugona kwa mkazi, kukwiya kosagwiritsidwe ntchito, kupwetekedwa mtima kwa ziwalo za mammary ndi zina zotero. Matendawa adzapitirira mpaka follicle isachepetse kukhala yachilendo ndipo msinkhu wa kutulutsa mahomoni kumachepa mochuluka.

Zithunzi za ma harmonics onse zimasonyeza thupi la thupi pokonzekera miyezi yotsatira kapena panthawi yoyembekezera:

Kukwaniritsidwa kwa ovulation

Dzira lophatikizidwa lidzagwirizanitsa ndi mucosa wa khola lachiberekero mkati mwa masiku asanu ndi awiri mutatha kubereka. Kuchokera panthawi ya kugwirizana, kukula kwa mahomoni a mimba hCG (chorionic gonadotropin) imayamba. Hormone imathandiza ntchito ya follicle yopanda pake, yomwe imapanga mahomoni oyenerera kuti zisalepheretsedwe kwa dzira, mpaka pamene pulasitiki imapangidwa.