Decembrists kayendedwe

Movement ya Decembrists, kupanduka awo chimodzi cha masamba abwino mbiri ya Russia mu zoyambirira za m'ma 19.

Mu 1825, pa December 14 pa Senate Square alonda regiments anali kudzipatula. Choyamba anadza Moscow Regiment. Amakutsogolerani woyamba asilikali chosintha abale Alexander ndi Mikhail Bestuzhev wotchedwa Dmitry Schepin-Rostovsky.

Zikuonetsedwa nkhondowo alimbane lalikulu (quadrilateral). Choncho, iwo akhoza amawateteza kuukira kuchokera kumbali zonse.

Mu ora la kanthu inawonongeka wolemekezeka chosintha osankhidwa mtsogoleri Trubeckogo kugalukira. Sabwera kwa asilikali pa lalikulu, nawapatsa, ndi lingaliro, kayendedwe lonse la Decembrists.

maalumali latsopano asayandikire kwa opandukawo. Ambiri, zinachitika 2350 anthu. Komabe, zosonkhanitsira anayamba kutenga malo pambuyo maola oposa awiri pambuyo chiyambi cha kugalukira ndi. Ola limodzi ku mapeto a Decembrists anasankha mtsogoleri watsopano Prince Obolensky.

1 Nicholas adawopa mdima ndi ntchito anasonkhanitsa anthu. ndi kuti moto anapatsidwa ndi buckshot. Pa nthawi yomweyo akupha asilikali zigawenga zambiri.

The ananyoza loyamba buckshot zapatsidwa pamwambazi wa asilikali - ndi lili pa ntsoyi ya nyumba yoyandikana yam'manja. Asilikali izo anayankha akatemera mfuti. Koma ndiye akulakatitsa grapeshot ranged mabungwe asilikali anayamba kuthawa. Kuwombera anayamba asilikali a mfuti achifumu akuthawa. Mikhail Bestuzhev anayesa kumanga mphamvu mu achisanu Neva. Anyankhondo alimbane. Komabe cannonballs ukali ayezi - anthu anagwa nakufwa.

Ndi Kukada pa December 14 kupanduka idagonjetsedwa. N'kufufuza zinakhalira anthu oposa 600. Ambiri mwa opandukawo adamfunsa Nicholas yekha. Zisanu (Pestel Nyerere-Apostol, Rileyev, Bestuzhev- Rumin, Kakhovskii) anaweruzidwira kuti panayi. Chilango ndiye m'malo wopalamulayo.

Zimayambitsa kayendedwe Decembrist, omwe udali mu mpanduko ndi, - ludzu polimbana serfdom ndi autocracy. alonda chosintha okonda ankakhulupirira kuti ukapolo kwa anthu Russian - zoipa, kuti yekha kukhala mfulu, anthu tidzaonetsa kwenikweni munthu.

Pa boma wolemekezeka analibe kugwirizana, mosazengereza chofunika ntchito chosintha. Ngakhale kuti dongosolo kulanda boma mu dziko anayamba kupanga mwatsatanetsatane, kusowa yofunika kwambiri yogwira ntchito ya ntchito iliyonse chosintha - anthu. Decembrist kayendedwe sanali amapereka mwa misa - olemekezeka adawopa ntchito yawo. Pa nthawi yomweyo mtundu wokha anali kumbali ya boma la.

kayendedwe Decembrist anagonjetsedwa. Choncho, anamaliza kugonjetsa mphamvu autocracy chosintha.

Kutanthauza gulu la Decembrists 'm'mbiri ya Russia ndi mkulu. Ngakhale kugonjetsedwa kwa kugalukira, ndi malingaliro chosintha kuti sanafe kutali. Ntchito za Decembrists kunathandiza yaikulu pa chitukuko cha udindo patsogolo ndale komanso mu Russia.

Wosatsutsika ntchito pa gulu ndi chitukuko cha chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe moyo wa anthu. Pa mfundo za Decembrists anakulira mibadwo ya olemba, ojambula zithunzi, alakatuli kanjedza anthu, asayansi. N'zodziwikiratu komanso kuyamikira maonekedwe anthu otchuka boma: kusadziona kukhala wopambana ena, chikhalidwe, umunthu.

malingaliro Decembrists anali anatola m'badwo wotsatira. Choncho, chifukwa cha kayendedwe mbali ya ulimi mu Russia anaikidwa pa Senate Square. olemekezeka ft kudzutsidwa anthu. Decembrists mawu ndi serfdom ndi autocracy anakhala chiphiphiritso cha boma tsogolo amene ankachita nawo kumasulidwa kuyenda mu Russia.

Pafupifupi onse boma apamwamba amene anali nawo chiwembu pa Senate Square, anali achinyamata. wakutemwa awo, kukonda Mama chinathandiza kanthu. Pambuyo yimitsira wa gululi, ambiri adatuluka m'ndende. zaka makumi atatu pambuyo pake, opulumuka anabwerera kunyumba kufa. Kupyolera zaka zonsezi Decembrists ananyamula chosafa chidani cha autocracy ndi serfdom.