Drobytsky Yar - chizindikiro lowopsya la Nazi ku

Nkhondo wabweretsa chisoni kwambiri ndi misozi kuti munthu aliyense iwo ankayenera kuti akhale zoposa m'badwo. dziko zimasintha, nthawi zina chifundo ndipo wankhanza. Pa nthawi, "pamene - monga Anna Akhmatova anati - zachimwemwe, monga akufa bata wokondwa" amene anali ndi nkhawa anthu amene sakonda kufotokoza iliyonse mawu amodzi kapena chikwi. mfundo za Anazi chifukwa cha matamando ndi chikhulupiriro mu maitanidwe kwambiri Aryan mpikisano, zimene zinachititsa kuti kupululutsa lapansi. Akuvutika chifukwa cha zodabwitsazi zoopsa anakhala yekha chifukwa chakuti ndale, fuko, mtundu, zolinga zawo zachipembedzo sanali ofanana kwa anthu amene ankafuna kuonongeka kwawo. Padziko lonse, anamwazikana zikumbutso za anthu amene chiwembuchi Nazi, mmodzi amene ali mu Ukraine, mu Kharkov, kumalo otchedwa Drobytsky Yar. Fascism "amaitcha" nthawi blackest cha mbiri ya anthu, kukumbukira mantha ndi masamba mantha mabuku.

Drobytsky Yar - Kharkiv bala

Fascism zoyipa pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World linafalikira m'madera ambiri. Soviet Union anali nazonso. Cholinga chachikulu cha Nazi sichinali kokha kuti apambane nkhondo, kuti dera ndi chuma, ndi kufafaniza anthu amene maganizo awo, anali osayenera kukhala nawo padziko lapansi. Mayiko Nazi Chikumbutso Tsiku chikondwerero kuzungulira dziko makumi awiri ndi chiwiri wa January. tsiku izi amapangitsira m'chikumbumtima zochitika zoopsa zimene muyaya kumanzere chizindikiro mu mbiriyakale ndipo mitima. Drobytsky Yar, Kharkov ... Mbiri ya malo awa si kwambiri kudzitsitsa pa mbali ya Aisiraeli.

Kuzizira owawa yozizira 1941-1942, limene Yara wapanga maulendo mitembo zoposa zikwi makumi atatu a m'deralo, ambiri a iwo anali Ayuda. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zazikulu manda misa akuvutika cha Nazi, mmodzi wa kuvulala aakulu amene walandira Kharkiv dera ndi dziko lonse.

Mbiri ya kupha misa

Mwendo Nazi anabwera Kharkov mu December 1941. Pambuyo ntchito za gawolo wakhala analamula za yosamutsa Ayuda onse m'dera la kum'mawa kwa mzinda napita chidziwitso cha anthu onse. Mwinji wa anthu, amene analenga mtsinje anthu, masiku awiri - kuyambira pa 15 mpaka 16 ya December - anawoloka Njira ya, anakhumudwitsa wina zamtengo amene ana amene ali wamng'ono. Aliyense ankadziwa kuti zomera ozizira m'chipindacho - si cholinga chawo chapamwamba. Aliyense wa khamu anapita imfa yake. Kuti apulumutse ana awo, akazi kuwakweza mwa unyinji uwu wa anthu m'ndende chiyembekezo chimene anthu wamba adzawapulumutsa. Mwatsoka, kugawana chisoni ena m'masiku amenewo, pang'ono anafuna, chifukwa tonse anamuphonya iye.

Mu chipinda chaching'ono, anthu sankakhoza ngakhale pansi, anali kugona aimirire, chifukwa iwo anali wodzaza kudzipha. Nthawi anathamangitsidwa m'dzikomo angapo zana chipinda awa, kunja kwa mzinda wa mzinda, kumene Drobytsky Yar, amadzipha mwankhanza ndi kulasa awiri maenje chisanadze anakumba. masiku ochepa basi pambuyo pa upandu si youma m'dziko magazi ndi kusonkhezera ndi kubuula moyobe.

Kharkov kumasulidwa

Kamodzi mu 1943, Kharkiv dera anamasulidwa, ntchito yapadera kukhazikitsa mfundo zomwe zinachitika Drobitsky Yar analengedwa. boma la Soviet yaitali anatseka maso awo ndi makutu awo kuti vutoli. Kuposa chaka chimodzi mitima ya anthu amene sanali akamaona anthu zikwi za imfa, osati zimaphulika chodabwitsa ndi chisoni, komanso chifukwa chakuti onse ayerekeze kuti moyo Kharkov khwawa unaturuka momasuka. Nyengo pambuyo nkhondo wayamba nyengo ya mvula, padziko Drobitsky Yara anayamba kuoneka umboni wosatsutsika kupha misa - anthu anayamba kupeza zigaza anthu ndi mangongo ana ndi maliboni wofiira.

Zochita za boma la Soviet

Taganizirani zimene munthu amamva, powona monga mvula umatsuka kutali manda ndipo kachiwiri, monga mpeni, akutsegula kukumbukira, sikutheka. Kuonetsetsa kuti aboma atenga mulinso kutaya akufa, zinali zovuta kwambiri, koma anthuwo amawanda chifukwa apilo zambiri kutero. Kupanga zokambirana, bungwe mzinda allocated akazi awiri ndi mafosholo, amene anali kukumba gullies. Only patapita zaka zingapo anakwanitsa kuyika akufa.

Pafupi manda anapangidwa obelisk laling'ono, limene, monga chinali chizolowezi ku Soviet Union, panali silikukambapo za chakuti anthu pano Ayuda anawonongedwa. Drobytsky Yar anakhala malo omwe nzika adzakumbukira ndi amene waiwala mphamvu.

Pangani chikumbutso

Only mu 1991 izo akufuna kumanga pa dera la Drobitsky Yar Chikumbutso akuvutika chifukwa cha kupululutsa Nazi. Chaka chotsatira, anayamba kumanga, koma chifukwa chosowa nthawi zonse gawo loyamba la chikumbukiro chinamasulidwa mu ndalama 2002.

Mpheroyi chizindikiro cha Menorah, makwalala ndi zipilala. Mu 2005 iye anakwezedwa holo chikumbutso ndi chikho cha chisoni. Anthu sadziwa maina onse amene akhala kalekale achotsa kwa upandu lowopsya la Aisiraeli, koma chikumbukiro chawo chidzakhala chamuyaya.