Dzina lake lonse nyimbo. Makamaka mbiri ndi chidwi mfundo

Today ife kukuuzani kuti amaimira zolemba mayina awo zonse kukumbukira zina zosangalatsa zinachitikadi. Kuyambira mawu Latin likumasuliridwa kuti "chizindikiro" kapena "chizindikiro". Tikuyankhula zokhudza zithunzi likutipatsa mawu mu zikuchokera nyimbo. Ndipotu, tayandikira wina zizindikiro zazikulu za kalembedwe mu mawonekedwe luso. dzina Full zolemba nyimbo kudzera mwa zizindikiro zapadera. Amatero makhalidwe osiyana a phokoso: dongosolo la kuphedwa, nthawi, okwera. Koma chifukwa atchulidwa Atengedwa? Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane za izi zonse mwatsatanetsatane.

nkhani

Kenako tikambirana mayina wonse wa zolemba ndi. Guido wa Arezzo ndi woyambitsa wa kalembedwe nyimbo. Iye analenga ntchito zake mu theka zoyambirira za m'ma XI. Iye ndiye anayamba kulemba timasamala ndi zizindikiro pamsasa chetyrohlineynom. Choncho, ife anayankha funso, amene anapanga nyimbo. maina Full la zolemba, monga tikudziwa masiku ano, kodi siziwoneka nthawi yomweyo. Isanafike kuti ntchito neumes nyimbo European. Ndipotu, tikulankhula za anthu otchulidwa mwapadera. Yopangidwa ndi dongosolo Guido d'Arezzo kenako ndi kuimaliza kukonza. Makamaka, kusintha kiyi ndi maonekedwe a zizindikiro, kuwonjezera mzere 5. Pofuna dongosolo lathu ntchito ku XVII maonekedwe. Mozungulira 1700 Andreas Werckmeister - woimba German ndi wasayansi - adafotokoza kugwiritsa ntchito thwelofu kamvekedwe nyimbo lonse logarithmically yunifolomu. Komanso, iye anapanga limba, limene linakhazikitsidwa pa maziko ake. Pamene ntchito ndalemba yekha anamanga phokoso. Sindinathe apita njira imeneyi mungoli.

mayina

M'chigawo chino ife adzapatsidwa dzina lonse la zolemba ndi kusinthika. Ngati mtunda pakati mayunitsi nyimbo ya octave angapo, maina awo ali ofanana. Today nambala ntchito: Kodi, kukonzanso, mi, FA, Sol, La, si. Dzina lake lonse nyimbo ife tinatchula pansipa. A choyamba ndi muyezo octave pafupipafupi - 440 Hz. zolemba maganizo omwe analekana ndi octave ndi, ndi awiri. Dzina wodzala ndi nyimbo Latin, malinga n'kunena kwa Baibulo lina - ndi nyimbo mizere ziperekedwa mu akwera octave: UT queant laxis, REsonare fibris, Mira gestorum, FAmuli tuorum, kuthetsa polluti, LAbii reatum. dongosolo lino unayamba ndi Guido d'Arezzo. Iye ankatchedwa kuti kalata UT. M'tsogolo, kuti katchulidwe ka munthu wabwino, tabwera ndi njira zina - polemekeza Giovanni Doni. Komanso anawonjezera cholemba si. Dzinali ndi chidule cha Sancte Ioannes. Dzina anapatsidwa H. Valrant. Mu Hungary ndi United States cholemba si Ti ali ndi dzina. Zimenezi zimathandiza kuti kusiyanitsa ndi "C" - ku Latin kalembedwe.

lettered

Dzina lake lonse nyimbo akhoza opatsirana komanso mwa njira zina. Tikuyankhula zokhudza dzina khalidwe lawo. Mapepala amaimira makalata Latin: C, D, E, F, G, A, H. Izi otchedwa German dongosolo kalembedwe. Mu cholemba B ake imafalikira kalata H. Dongosolo German ntchito pafupifupi m'dziko lililonse European imene English si chimodzi chachikulu. B Lathyathyathya opatsirana monga njira ya kalata B. Pali komanso Chingerezi kalembedwe dongosolo. Malinga ndi malamulo ake, n'kulemba B imafalikira kalata B. dongosolo Izi makamaka kufalitsidwa ku UK ndi US. nawonso mwina ntchito Sweden ndi Netherlands. Mu mabuku English, malamulo a dongosolo lakuti. Nthawi opezeka zoti makodi gitala kusonkhanitsa Russia. Kuwonjezera pa cholemba E -es lathyathyathya amatamanda dzina lake. Awonetse lakuthwa, ntchito -isis. Kuyambira lamulo limeneli pali kuchotserapo. Mnemonic phwando, kupereka kusunga zolemba kuti ali pa 1 - 5 olamulira ndodo: E, G, B, D, F. Iwo ayenera kuganizira imeneyi mu chachitatu. Pakuti mayiko, kugwiritsa ntchito zotsatirazi mawu ndithu zoseketsa: "Sol anasamukira ku Sicily Register labambo".

dongosolo chosavuta

Dzina lake lonse nyimbo akhoza anasamutsa m'njira chosavuta. Cholinga dongosolo kujambula wakhala analenga zosiyanasiyana zoimbira. Tikuyankhula zokhudza tablature lapansi. Iwo akhoza kukhala kiyibodi ndi gitala. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira imeneyi mukhoza amaphunzira munthu aliyense amene alibe nazo kalembedwe nyimbo. Izi zachitika mofulumira zokwanira.

mawonekedwe kulowa

Stave otchedwa 5 mizere, limene mayunitsi nyimbo zili. Taganizirani iwo kuchokera pansi mmwamba. Ndemanga analembedwa kumanzere kupita kumanja mu mawonekedwe a zitosi chowulungika kuti phokoso. Lililonse limakhala nyimbo lili pa mphero makamaka kapena mzere pakati pawo. Nthawi zina kutsatira mzere zina. Iwo kuwonjezera stave pansi kapena mmwamba. mizere zina ndi kutalika ena. Chimodzimodzi monga wofunikila zolemba fano, zimene ziyenera kuyikidwa pa mizere. Udindo ofukula za unit nyimbo zimadalira kulira kwake msinkhu.

zinthu

Image zolemba mbali zina zitatu. Kuwawonjezera motsogozedwa yopingasa wotchedwa mutu chowulungika. Acceding kwa mzere umodzi ndi dzina la bata ndi. Kuchoka mmodzi wotsiriza kapena zambiri mizere yokhota kumapeto. Iwo amatchedwa mbendera kapena michira. Mutu wodzala kapena kanthu. Michira ndi bata, nthaŵi zina, kwina. Zikomo kuti maonekedwe anafotokoza anafotokozedwa wachibale nthawi anasankha phokoso. Location mutu wachibale mizere Mzimuyo kutalika. Kakonzedwe mwagwirizana limasonyeza kuti kunyongedwa awo.

chizindikiro utali

Powerenga zolemba anayikidwa mu njira yapadera. Mitu yawo pa mizere kapena pakati pawo. Aliyense malo limafanana enaake - m'gulu lomweli. Iwo abwerezedwa octaves osiyana. Ziwalo maudindo ndi magawo ali anapatsidwa makiyi ndodo. Kuweta siteji malo motero akhoza utachepa kapena kucuruka. Chifukwa chaichi, waukulu kapena nthawi zina accidentals. Choncho, phula ndi anatsimikiza potengera udindo wa mayunitsi nyimbo mumsasa. Izi amaganizira makiyi ndi accidentals.

mfundo zosangalatsa

Takambirana kale anayang'ana pa momwe dzina zonse nyimbo utakhazikitsidwa, koma pali ochepa mfundo zosangalatsa kuti muyenera azimvetsera pamene kukumana ndi mayunitsi nyimbo. Aliyense mzere wa mphero unali pakati pawo akapatsidwa mtengo ordinal. Mu ndondomeko imeneyi ya zolemba sasintha. Motero, kudziwa udindo zidutswa zonse nyimbo chigayo, m'modzi akukwana kudziwa udindo. Pankhaniyi, mpumulo mopitirira basi.

Kuti mwachindunji amene cholembedwa ndi kuchoka mu nyimbo ndi mafungulo. Zikuphatikizapo otchulidwa mwapadera. Zinalembedwa mapeto yatsala zibonga ndi. Ambiri treble clef. Izi zikusonyeza kuti mzere 2 ali pansi cholemba mchere zokhudza octave choyamba. Bass Clef kunachokera zithunzi kuti Litera «F». Iye ananena kuti cholemba "FA" mu octave otsika limafanana ndi mzere wachiwiri kuchokera pamwamba. makiyi ena - basoprofundovy ndi Old French - sakhala wamba.

Pali wapadera nyimbo zoimbira. Party kwa iwo olembedwa mafungulo "mmwamba". Pali odziwika "choyera" nyimbo. Komanso sitiyenera kuiwala za ena ofanana awo - athyathyathya ndipo lakuthwa. Kulozera kwa iwo ndalemba kumanzere otchulidwa mwapadera. Iwo amatchedwa zizindikiro za zosinthidwa. zizindikiro izi akhoza ili pa koyambirira kwa mzere. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zolemba zonse tonalities ananyongedwa kapena dieznom Baibulo. Zizindikiro kiyi woyitanidwa, ndiwo kumayambiriro kwa mzere. zam'mwamba ndi pa zolemba osiyana, mayina mwachisawawa. Omaliza mmodzi wotchi mkombero mu octaves onse. Apo pali chizindikiro china chapadera cha zosinthidwa. Iye anaitana Bekar. Izo ntchito kuletsa ndaitchula lathyathyathya kapena lakuthwa.

Mtundu chowulungika mphambu limasonyeza nthawi ya. Komanso, kukufotokoza amagwiritsa pali zinthu zina. Utali kwambiri ndizo lonse ndi theka, kotala, ndi chitatu, chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chimodzi ndi makumi awiri. Zambiri zokayikitsa ntchito yaing'ono kapena yaikulu gawo. Kutalika kwa cholemba lonse - ndi phindu wachibale. Izo zimatengera mankhwala a tempo pa ina. Ngati mzere ndi zolemba pang'ono ndi nthawi ya zosakwana kotala, iwo amakhala ndi m'mphepete limodzi - ndodo.