Filon Aleksandriysky - I Ayuda nzeru zapamwamba

Filon Aleksandriysky (Ayuda) - wazamulungu ndi achipembedzo nzeru zapamwamba amene ankakhala Alexandria kuchokera pafupifupi 25 BC. e. kwa '50 N. e. Iye ankhaimilira Agiriki la Ayuda, malo amene anali ndiye basi Alexandria. chikoka chachikulu amagwiritsa ntchito pa chitukuko cha zamulungu. Wotchuka monga mlengi wa chiphunzitso cha Logos. Anaphunzitsa nthanthi ya woganiza tikambirana chiyani m'nkhani ino.

Filon Aleksandriysky: nthanthi ndi yonena

Masiku amenewo, pamene mfulu Alesandriya Myuda Philo ku Roma, mzinda wa Kaligula malamulo. Wafilosofi ndiye anali kazembe wa Ayuda, amene anamutuma kuthetsa mavuto zofunika limene linali pakati pawo ndi Rome. Kale mu zaka, Philo, analandira maphunziro Greek ku Alexandria, ankatchedwa woganiza amene amafuna kuphatikiza malingaliro a Asitoiki ndi nzeru Plato ndi chipembedzo Old Testament. Makamaka, iye anati lingaliro lofotokozedwa kuti wakale Agiriki, Ayuda kale anaphunzira mavumbulutso Mulungu.

Pofuna kutsimikizira wosalakwa, Philo ndi afilosofi Ayuda ena amene amatsatira njira maganizo, kuchita kusinthidwa malemba Malinga mfundo Asitoiki ndi Myuda. Iwo analibe bwino kwambiri m'nthawi yawo yachikunja, koma pambuyo pake, mu II-III m'ma BC. e., anali ndi chikoka chachikulu pa chitukuko cha Mkhristu ankaganiza ndi nzeru Agiriki ndi Aroma kugwirizana ndi chipembedzo.

Maganizo ndi chikhulupiriro

Filon Aleksandriysky, kulankhula za iye monga nthumwi ya chikhulupiriro cha Ayuda, anali idealist, monga Plato zachikunja. Woganiza kuwadziwa bwino nzeru za Agiriki, kwa imene anaitenga mfundo kufotokoza zozizwitsa Mulungu. Komabe, ngakhale njira sayansi chipembedzo, iye anakhalabe munthu modzipereka achipembedzo, kulemekeza mabuku opatulika. Komanso, zimene zinalembedwa mu mavumbulutso Mulungu anazindikira kuti nzeru Mwambamwamba.

Cholinga chachikulu cha Mfundo zonse nthanthi ya Philo anali mmodzi - kulemekeza chipembedzo cha anthu ake ndi kuteteza kwa adani. Koma ntchito yake yaikulu woganiza anaona kutsimikizira umodzi mawu akuti: chiphunzitso Plato wa Mulungu ndi wabwino, komanso ziphunzitso za Asitoiki, a makhalidwe abwino a moyo ndi chilengedwe zofanana ndi mfundo zofunika m'chipembedzo cha Chiyuda. zonse izi zinali za chinthu chimodzi - kutsimikizira kwa Amitundu, kuti maganizo onse akatswiri wakale anali ndi za anthu a Chiyuda.

M'mbuyo pa Mulungu

Filon Aleksandriysky, komanso woganiza achipembedzo, ankakhulupirira kuti waukulu chilakolako nzeru kuti nzeru zapamwamba za - kuganizira za Mulungu. dziko kuti iye ankaona limodzi kwa Mulungu, ndi mtundu wa mthunzi wa Mulungu, amene amadalira pa Mlengi wake. Komabe, Old Testament Yahweh sanathe kumvetsa akwaniritsa zofunikira za nzeru zapamwamba chifukwa cha anthropomorphism ake. Kuchoka malo awo kachisi ku Yerusalemu, mulungu anataya khalidwe mwachindunji dziko.

yomasulira Russian wa lonena za Philo kuti anzeru anayesa philosophically kuganizira mchitidwe wa chilengedwe cha dziko, akuimira mu Chipangano Chakale, ntchito yogwira ntchito mawu akuti "Logos" Anabwereka Stoicism. Komabe, lingaliro ili ndi mu mamasulidwe a Philo lasintha kwambiri. Choncho, woganiza wotchedwa Logos cha mwana wa Mulungu, amene amachita ngati mkhalapakati pakati pa dziko lapansi ndi Mulungu, munthu ndi Mulungu. Komanso, chizindikiro ophatikizapo zinthu kumbuyo anthu. Choncho, Philo, ndi akuyika maziko a ziphunzitso Mkhristu wa munthu ndi Mulungu, Mpulumutsi Wauzimu.

zamulungu

zovuta onse zipembedzo zitatuzi, mmodzi wa iwo, ndipo anayesera kupanga lingaliro la Filon Aleksandriysky, kuti ayenera philosophically kufotokoza ake. Choncho kugwirizana pakati pa nzeru ndi chipembedzo, woyamba mu ziphunzitso za Philo, ndipo kenako mu Chikhristu. Choncho, zamulungu (zamulungu) pano akukhala pano maziko ongolankhula kwa chiphunzitso zitatuzi. Ndi maziko a chiphunzitso - Logo, chomwe chimayimira mawu Auzimu, ndi zomwe Mulungu analenga dziko lapansi: "Pachiyambi panali Mawu ...".

Mabaibulo Russian kulembamo Philo akusonyeza kuti tanthauzo limeneli chizindikiro ophatikizidwa malingaliro za mawu okha Asitoiki ndi mfundo za chiphunzitso Ayuda angelo, atumiki a Yehova. Alipo kutanthauzira kwa Logos ndi Plato, amene anazindikira lingaliro ili ngati ya mfundo anapanga zinthu zonse m'dziko lathu. Choncho, zamulungu akutembenukira kwa mbali ina ya nzeru.

mfundo yaikulu ya ziphunzitso za Philo

Chiphunzitso cha Philo limanena kuti pamwamba pa dziko corporeal ndi anthu. Ndipo gawo zomveka kwa anthu moyo chizindikiro akuwonekera. Komabe, chizindikiro, monga Philo, si zinthu chinthu. Choncho, munthu anatsutsa magulu awiri - wauzimu (wauzimu) ndi chikhalidwe dziko okhudzana. Moyo kuwamva monga fano ungwiro wa Mulungu.

Pankhani mbali koyenela ka chiphunzitso Philo, ndi wokonda moyo wodzimana kwambiri ndipo zachokera kukumana kwa thupi ndi mzimu. Pankhaniyi, ndi chipolopolo zinthu amayesa wina uchimo. Komanso, mogwirizana ndi Philo munthu amene anakhala padziko kwa tsiku osachepera amodzi, anataya ungwiro wake. A nzeru zapamwamba ndi mfundo yakuti anthu onse "ana a Mulungu" Amachitanso ochimwa, Kudzaupanga kalambulabwalo wa ganizo Mkhristu.

Filon Aleksandriysky: Ntchito

mabuku onse a nzeru zapamwamba akhoza m'magulu 4:

1. mabuku a mbiri yakale ndi mbiri zimene zinalembedwa kalembedwe losafuna. Ena mwa iwo ndi "The Life of Abraham", "Atatu Mabuku a Mose," "Moyo wa Yosefe." Onsewo zinalembedwa pa maziko a nthano za Lemba ndipo ankafuna kwa Amitundu.
2. Mfundo pankhani, anthu otchuka kwambiri omwe - "Pa Malamulo Khumi."
3. Essays nkhani zandale, zinthu zosangalatsa ofotokoza nzeru za anthu. Mwachitsanzo, mtsutso "pa ofesi ya kazembe."
4. Zokambirana imene Lemba kutanthauziridwa allegorically. mabuku Iwo ankafuna kuti Ayuda. Ndinalemba awo kale akale Filon Aleksandriysky. "Malamulo zophiphiritsa" - kuti ntchito yaikulu ya gulu limeneli. Apa nzeru zapamwamba ndemanga zidutswa zosiyanasiyana za Pentateuch - akerubi, lamulo lopatulika, nsembe ya Kaini ndi Abele, za chingalawa cha Nowa, maloto, etc ...

mndandanda amaonetsera zofunika mabuku woganiza. Komanso iwo Philo, pali Mfundo zina zambiri, zomwe kwakukulukulu kubwereza m'nyimboyo a m'nthawi yake pakati pa Ayuda ndi Ahelene.

Pomaliza

Chinali chiphunzitso nthanthi ya Philo wa Yuda, ngati ife kufotokoza izo mu mawu ambiri. Komabe, kuchokera pamwamba Tingaone mwapafupi ziphunzitso mfundo za nzeru zapamwamba Ayuda. Choncho Philo anakhala m'modzi wa omwe adayambitsa pa chikhulupiriro cha Akhristu. Ndipo n'zosadabwitsa kuti Mfundo wake anali kutchuka pakati pa anthu a zaumulungu woyambirira wachikhristu.