Francisco Goya: zojambula. Francisco Goya: yonena

Francisco Goya (1746-1828) - Spanish zojambulajambula, analowa mbiri ya dziko lawo monga mmisiri wamkulu, amene anakana maziko a Agiriki ndi losonyeza umunthu mu weniweni, kuwala kwake chowawa poyera, ndi zolakwa zonse ndi kupunduka.

Francisco Goya: Chithunzi cha chithunzicho

Mdima, pang'ono puffy nkhope, woganiza bwino, maso ndi wodzala amvekere katundu maso, amene akuyang'ana anaopseza mwa nsidze, ndi lalikulu mutu - wololera chithunzi pa wowerenga azindikire chithunzicho. Iye anali mu moyo - mwini burashi ndi otopa munthu, ankaganizira kwambiri, ndi thunthu kumvetsa zenizeni za kukhalapo kwa anthu wamba. Mwabwinobwino ndi mosamala kusuzumira mu dziko, Goya anaona kawirikawiri yankholo, kupusa, tsankho, zikhulupiriro, zomwe, anakwiya otchulidwa ntchito zake. Zojambulazo Fransisko Goyya - akulu Zotengera pa anthu, ndi zolakwika zake ndi zofooka.

Pa moyo wa luso Msipanishi iye sankadziwika kunja dziko lawo. Zina za dziko izo atatsegulidwa pakati pa XIX m'ma French chikondi, lomwe ndi chidwi yopeka wa chilengedwe chake. Ziwerengero zilandiridwenso Goya mobwerezabwereza anasintha. Kwa connoisseurs ano si yekha mlengi wa zithunzi, ake wosangalatsa chidwi komanso katswiri wamkulu wa luso lenileni. Zojambulazo Fransisko Goyya, kapena kulandila savomereza; Mulimonsemo osayanjanitsika azionerera sadzatero.

The msanga wa mmisiri

Monga mnyamata luso Msipanishi anasolola wina, ndi boyish, kuluka analenga awo ndakatulo zodabwitsa wabadwa kwa kalembedwe payekha - kalembedwe Fransisko Goyya. Zojambula ndi iwo kwathunthu kupereka matsenga burashi, amadziwa mphamvu zake, ndiponso mosangalala. The mankhwala "ambulera" - chitsanzo oyambirira ntchito ziboliboli - amakopeka maso sewero mitundu, aliyense brushstroke, wachisomo kusintha mkazi, yowutsa mudyo mtima mtundu phale la shimmering, magetsi Fairy ndi ena Mgwirizano pafupifupi nyimbo ya kapangidwe. Katswiri wa chilengedwe ichi (nsonga oyambirira Goya) ndi loonekeratu, m'mlengalenga akadali wopanda mitambo, komanso zaka zoyambilira za luso Msipanishi. Nkhani za achinyamata Goya amafanana nthano chidwi, chithunzi chapakati womwe iye anali. Zaragoza ana wojambula kusaka ankasakidwa chifukwa cha nkhondo mu tsiku lopatulika, amene adapanga. Mu Madrid, Francisco anapeza magazi kuchokera mpeni kumbuyo, Spain expanses iye ndinawapanikiza pamodzi ndi bullfighter yosokera mu Italy - m'dziko limene wa zojambula kwa zaka zingapo honing luso kudzatunga - iye anakwera m'tchalitchi cha St. Peter ndi Chigawo anapita kuzungulira manda a Cecilia. Metella.

Zojambulazo Fransisko Goyya: Kuyang'ana pa moyo wamkati wa anthu

Francisco Goya analenga chidwi mndandanda wa etchings "Caprichos" (1793-1797), wopangidwa 83 ntchito, pazipita kupatsira mzimu wa ufulu ndi zenizeni, amene anafotokoza momveka molondola: "Mtendere - ndi masquerade, imene ukathyali onse, ndikufuna ngati si choncho amene iwo kwenikweni. Palibe amene akudziwa yekha. " Francisco José de A Goya, amene zojambula mafunso okhudza za kale nthawi - munthu amene ankatha kuona zambiri tsiku ndi tsiku, onyamula kupyolera ntchito yake umunthu, choyamba kumva kukula phokoso la masiku ano, amene analimbana ndi mabodza onse ndi kuyang'ana kwa maziko a tsogolo labwino iyenera kumangidwa anthu mwini.

Francisco Goya anali ankalimbikitsa ndi ambiri bwino wobadwa olemekezeka Spanish. Iye anadzakhala membala wa Royal Academy of Tirhana, ndiye wake wachiwiri-wotsogolera ndipo kenako mkulu wa dipatimenti ya kupenta. Mu 1786, Francisco Goya anaikidwa bwalo zojambulajambula.

Francisco Goya: zojambula wotchuka

Bright mbuye portraitist, anapambana ulemerero nduna polemba chinenero ichi mu 80s wa atumwi XVIII, mu 1792, Francisco Goya anali kudwala, zikubweretsa ugonthi. Inali nthawi yovuta imeneyi anali mthunzi chabe kwa luso la izo. wojambula anayamba kupewa anthu, kwathunthu asamangokhala yekha, kupitiriza kujambula zithunzi.

Zojambulazo woyamba Fransisko Goyya mu mtundu wanyimbo uyu anali miyambo ( "Charles III mu kusaka ndi"), pa nthawi apeza ndi lightness ndi Izitu n'zovutitsa chogwirika poyerekezera ndi zitsanzo ( "Marquise Anna Pontehos", "Banja la Kalonga wa Osuna"). A masomphenya atsopano a chowonadi, chithunzicho ndi ulaliki wake ovuta kuti unkagwiritsidwa ntchito ina ya mbuye. Mwachitsanzo, "Chithunzicho wa Royal Banja" (1800) imamveka Charles IV ndi okondedwa ake, prim ndi kudzikuza nkhope chithunzicho sanayese sugarcoat. Master mokhulupirika imabereka maonekedwe chonyansa, zomwe zimabweretsa umphawi wauzimu ndi kwachabechabe a osankhika ulamuliro, osati kubisala distaste wake kwa Spanish mafumu.

Francisco Goya moyo kupyola mu zaka ndi lowopsya la ntchito ya Spain ndi asilikali Napoleon, patadutsa anaona kupulula a ankhondowo wamba anthu. Ndi zochitika anatumikira monga maziko kwa chilengedwe cha ntchito monga "The kuwombera mu usiku 2 3 May 1808," "Rise of May 2 pa Puerta del Sol."

Goya ntchito mpaka tsiku lomaliza. Imodzi mwa ntchito yake yomaliza anali munthu wina wokalamba pa ndodo, umene unali lakuti ". Ine kuphunzirabe" Iye anafa ziwalo pa kubadwa kwa watsopano anthu ndi chikhalidwe. Ndi kwa m'zaka zonse zatsopano view a dziko, kukana taboos akale ndi Musanyengedwe, Goya motsimikiza kwambiri ankatha kusonyeza ntchito zake zovuta zonse ndi zotsutsana za nthawi yake.