Friedland Chipata: mbiri adiresi. Kaliningrad Museum

Russian Kaliningrad - mzinda ndi mbiri yochititsa chidwi. Mpaka 1946 anawatcha Konigsberg ndipo anali mmodzi wa malo ofunika kwambiri chikhalidwe ndi yophunzitsa Germany.

N'zomvetsa chisoni kuti pa kumenyana ya nkhondo yachiwiri zambiri zazikulu kamangidwe ka mzinda akhala irretrievably anataya. Komabe, ngakhale pang'ono kuti anakhalabe chidwi kwambiri kwa okonda kalekale.

Mwa chidwi kwambiri ndi turobektov Kaliningrad Friedland Chipata. Kwa zaka zingapo, nyumbayi ndi zakale, amene anadzipereka kwa mbiri chisanadze nkhondo mzindawo.

zipata za Konigsberg

Chipata woyamba mu mzinda inamangidwa m'zaka za m'ma XIII. Patapita zaka 4 anagwira ntchito pa ntchito yomanga chitetezo Choyamba chiunda chomenyerapo nkhondo. Amakhala 8 ndi chipata. Popeza nyumba izi zinali za matabwa, zaka 200 pambuyo pake, iwo kwambiri wolema, ndi mfumu ya Prussia Fridrih Vilgelm wachinayi abverana kuti amange yachiwiri chomenyerapo nkhondo malinga. Bwana yoikidwiratu wamanga Ernsta Lyudviga Von Aster, amene adaganiza zolenga kuipidwa nyumba mu kalembedwe English Gothic Chitsitsimutso. Choyamba anamanga chipata anakhala mfumu, ndi Bookmark umene unachitikira mu 1843, ndipo zaka 10 pambuyo mzinda chokongoletsedwa ndi ena asanu ndi limodzi dongosolo ofanana: Sackheim, Rossgartenskimi, Shtayndammskimi, Traghaymskimi, Ausfalskimi ndi Hollanderbaumskimi. Mfundo yomaliza ya zomangamanga, protracted pafupifupi zaka 19, anali erection wa 2 latsopano zipata kawiri Chipilala kapangidwe: Friedland ndi Brandenburg. Woyamba nalo dzina lake pokumbukira nyumba zambiri wakale. Inali pa msewu kulumikiza mzinda wa Königsberg ndi Friedland, amene panopa limatchedwa Pravdinsk. Kudzera mwa iwo, adatulutsa ngolo chakudya cha midzi yomwe ili kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Kaliningrad ano.

Friedland Chipata: mbiri ya zomangamanga ku zaka mazana makumi awiri

Chachiwiri chomenyerapo nkhondo kulimbitsa nthawi yaifupi kwambiri kukwaniritsidwa ntchito kumbuyo. Pofika kumayambiriro kwa m'ma makumi awiri, zinadziwika kuti sanathe poteteza mzindawu ndi zida zatsopano zimene anatuluka kuchokera yomanga awo. Mu 1910, dongosolo la malinga asilikali anali kuchotsedwa ndi kuwononga Traghaymskie, Shtayndammskie ndi Hollanderbaumskie chipata. Atatu zambiri nyumba ngati anataya embankments, malinga patsogolo ndi casemates. Popanda kukhazikitsanso panali Rossgartenskie ndi Friedland Chipata. Komabe, misewu ikuchitika kupatutsidwa kwa msewu a. Pa ntchito yomanga yomweyo ali ndi zinthu zatsopano: akhala ndi nkhanza za pansi kupeza zazikulu malo Zuid-paki.

Pa nthawi Soviet m'mbiri ya Kaliningrad chipata mipata gone, anagawira malo yomanga. Mu 1990s oyambirira, pamene kukonza madzi linga ngalande pabwalopo anapeza ambiri katundu wa m'nyumba m'zaka za m'ma makumi awiri. Kugonjera kwa anthu a mzinda ndi alendo anatsegula chionetsero cha amapeza pa msewu Dzerzhinsky, 30. Komanso, zaka zitseko ndi landscaped Zuid-paki mbali ya pulogalamu ulendowu gulu German akubwera kwawo mbiri.

Kufotokozera za nyumba

Ngati zipata zina Konigsberg, Friedland zinamangidwa mu kalembedwe Gothic Chitsitsimutso kuti analankhula mbali khalidwe la nthawi English zomangamanga Tudor. wolemba ntchito ndi osadziwika, koma ochita kafukufuku amakhulupirira kuti, osalephera, ndi Friedrich Shtyuler.

Pa gawo la mzinda wakale wa Friedland chipata wapakamwa lagawidwa m'magulu 6 ndi buttresses asanu. Ananena mulifupi ndi turrets kukongoletsa ndi protrude pamwamba pa kampanda kukongoletsa ndi battlements. driveways onse, zitseko ndi mawindo chokongoletsedwa makonde ndipo mwa mawonekedwe a arches Lancet.

zipata Friedland m'chigawo chapakati ndi mbali ziwiri za m'lifupi 4,39 mamita ndi kutalika 4,24 mamita The m'mbali casemates nyumba imakonzedwa, ndi kunja -. Guardhouse. Chipata cha wapakamwa ali chokongoletsedwa ndi gululi a. Ndi diamondi chitsanzo cha njerwa mumtundu.

The ziboliboli pa wapakamwa pa

Friedland Chipata (Kaliningrad) anali chokongoletsedwa ndi fano la Friedrich Von Zollern, yemwe anali yotchuka Great mkulu zigawo za Teutonic Order. Mwatsoka, choyambirira anataika pa kumenyana ndi Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World. chosema wina wa Knight - Siegfried Von Feuchtwangen, Grand Master, amene anayambitsa Nyumbayi Middle mu Marienburg, - ili kunja kwa chipata. Mlembi wake ndi ziboliboli Vilgelm Lyudvig Shtyurmer. abwezeretse misewu imeneyi lero iwo anali mu 2005 ndi 2008, poyamba, kutenga malo awo ali ndi imodzi mwa malo zithunzi kwambiri ku Kaliningrad.

Museum "Friedland chipata"

Izi bungwe chikhalidwe ndi maonekedwe ake ayenera okonda awiri - Alexander G. Novikov Avetisyants Ella Petrovna. Iwo anakwanitsa kupatutsa chionetsero yaing'ono m'nyumbayi ano, pamene yogwira chikhalidwe ndi ntchito yophunzitsa.

Mu 2007 anamuzindikira monga mmodzi wa ntchito 3 yabwino akuyendera 2007-2008. Komanso, bungwe la amati wopambana wa mpikisano Onse-Russian wa zinthu zochititsa chidwi ku gulu luso.

kukhudzana

Chionetsero woyamba amatchedwa "mzinda wokhala ndi mpanda". Alendo anaitanidwa kuti apange yochepa ulendowu kupyolera mu masamba a mbiriyakale ya Königsberg kuona filimu 6 mphindi ndipo ankadziwa zambiri waima. Ndiye akawaitanira kwa holo chachikulu, chimene m'nyumba gawo lachiwiri chionetserocho, nakhala kuyenda pafupifupi mwa mzinda chisanadze nkhondo. Zikuyamba ndi weniweni bruschatoy msewu, zomwe zinasungidwa kuchipata, osatembenukira ku pafupifupi, analengedwa ndi projecting mipata primed. Atatu projectors kulenga kuphidikuka kwa diso, akukankha malire a dziko lenileni ndi "kuyeretsa" pakhoma. Ngakhale wamkulu molondola zimene zikuchitika angagwirizanitse zotsatira phokoso: ngolo creaking, ana akuseka ndi kuyang'ana anadabwa zidendene wamkazi. Mu phokoso izi sightseers kunditumiza ku Konigsberg mochedwa XIX - oyambirira XX m'ma linkadziwika mzinda munda, ndi "German Atlantis".

pafupifupi ulendo

Kuwala ndi phokoso amasonyeza kumatenga ndendende ola limodzi. Panthawi imeneyi, ophunzira motsogozedwa maulendo pakati pa mzinda wotchuka wa Königsberg, umene, mwatsoka, mu moyo weniweniwo palibe kanthu katsalira. Kumeneko "kusiya" milandu kuwonetsera malo omwera, masitolo ndi pharmacies, komanso umboni milatho mwa pergola Old. Akamaliza za ulendo pafupifupi, alendo amapezeka mu paki lenileni, amene anali anaika mu m'ma makumi awiri pa malo malinga zakale, ndi kusangalala ndi okongola a m'dera Kaliningrad.

"Echo Nkhondo" Ndinakumana

M'nyumbayi "Friedland chipata", alendo relive chidwi atakhala mu chipinda, stylized bomba pogona pa nthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse. Pali kufalitsidwa ndi Audio-zithunzi chionetsero "Echo Nkhondo". Iwo kusiyana ndi njira zamakono ndi ntchito yogwira kuwala, phokoso ndi zotsatira kuwala chifukwa kugwiritsa ntchito luso lamakono.

"Knights 'Nyumba"

Monga tanenera kale, Friedland Chipata (adiresi: Dzerzhinsky, 30) akhala chokongoletsedwa zizindikiro za Teutonic Order. Komanso, iwo ali ziboliboli oimira wake wotchuka inakhazikitsidwa. Sichangozi kuti lero mu nyumbayi ndi kufotokoza wodzipereka kwa Ankhondo a Teutonic Order, lomwe limasonyeza kumanganso manja ndi zida, chopangidwa monga umisiri akale.

Chitukuko ndi sewerage

Pa nthawiyo mzinda Prussian wa Koenigsberg anali m'gulu la mizinda omasuka kwambiri Germany ndi dera Baltic. Centralized zimbudzi dongosolo anaonekera kale kwambiri kuposa m'mizinda yambiri ya Russian Ufumu. M'nyumbayi ukugwira ntchito mwa Friedland chipata, alendo akupemphedwa kuona chionetsero wodzipereka kwa chigawo yofunikayi ya zofunikira amakono. Limanena za dongosolo wakale zimbudzi, olengedwa mwa pakati pa lachitatu Zakachikwi BC. e. mu mzinda wa Mohenjo-Daro ili Pakistan, pa kuikira in Ancient Rome, komanso njira ya madzi Ulaya ndi Russia. Alendo adzaphunziranso zambiri zosangalatsa za World chimbudzi Organization, ndipo analengeza 19 November Tsiku la International kwa chimbudzi.

"Ndi chikhulupiriro mu mtima"

M'nyumbayi "Friedland chipata" (adiresi kuona. Pamwamba) chionetsero ndi dzina yomweyo anadzipereka kuti atsamunda choyamba, amene anafika mu dilapidated mphamvu British mpweya ndi asilikali anadzasokoneza Yofiira Kaliningrad kuchokera konsekonse Soviet Union yomweyo pambuyo pa nkhondo. Museum alendo idzaonetsedwa bwanji kuona mzinda anthu amene amabwera kufufuza sadziŵa, komanso ena heirlooms banja anatenga. Komanso, iwo adzaona ntchito ya wojambula R. Borisovas ndi mndandanda wa zinthu ntchito pa kulambira, chomwe ndi mitanda ndi zithunzi lopinda.

Kaliningrad Museum

Mu mzinda pali zina zambiri zinthu zosangalatsa kuti adzakhala chidwi kuyendera alendo. Zikuphatikizapo luso gallery, "forte N 5", magulu Amber ndi mankhwala opangidwa kuchokera nkhaniyi, ndi ena. Ndipotu, ambiri a iwo zili malinga zakale. Mwachitsanzo, Center kwa Art Contemporary wapeza chitetezo nsanja ya nyumba "Korona Prince", chinamangidwa m'zaka za m'ma XIX.

Tsopano inu mukudziwa pamene Friedland Chipata. Kaliningrad - mzinda ndi mbiri olemera ndi chidwi ambiri. Ndi ulendo wake Ndithu wokwanira ulendo pa msewu Dzerzhinsky, 30, kukaona m'nyumbayi odzipereka kwa Konigsberg akale.