Gargoyle - mchitidwe zomangamanga mu mawonekedwe a drakonovidnoy njoka

Wotchuka zomangamanga European zatenga malo apadera a mitundu yonse ziboliboli wosangalatsa kuti akakometsere pamakoma a matchalitchi otchuka. Stone alonda kuyang'ana kusintha nkhope ya mzinda, ndipo zikuoneka kuti iwo akudziwa mwachinsinsi. N'chifukwa chiyani zilombozi akhala mipherezero ya Osema kudzoza ndi mapulani? Osati aliyense amadziwa, koma gargoyle - si zipatso grotesque m'maganizo kulenga ndi chizindikiro chenicheni cha chikhalidwe kuti ali kwambiri mizu zakale.

Lodziwika bwino chilombo ku khoka la

Medieval France ankasiyana kuchuluka kwa nkhani za mizukwa amene amakhala dera. Otchedwa nthano wamba yathandiza kwambiri pa chikhalidwe ndi luso losiyanasiyana, ndi nthano ya njoka chachikulu ku malire apansi khoka ndi imodzi mwa chinsinsi.

Mu VII m'ma zombo pa ulendo wawo mtsinje khoka, zosiyanasiyana masoka zowawa akuti chifukwa ndi matenda chirombo dzina La Gargul (La Gargouille). Chinjoka, ngati njoka yaikulu anamira zombo, dethroning iwo Jets madzi, Anawakopa whirlpools. Magwero ena amanena kuti gargoyle - izo komanso ndi moto kupuma chinjoka. Saint Roman, yemwe anali bishopu wa mzinda wa Rouen, anamvera mapemphero a anthu ndipo anapita kuti zikhale chirombo.

Asamaope anthu a sanathe kupeza mphamvu kuthandiza wansembe, anapereka chabe mlandu chigawenga imfa, walola kukhala nyambo. Komabe, bishopu, zida yekha ndi mapemphero ndi mtanda woyera, chotheka pofuna kusangalatsa chinjoka. Zitatero, anthu kuwotchedwa pamtengo chilombo, sangathe kuwotcha kokha mutu komanso pakhosi. Mbali imeneyi ya mipanda yolimba kwambiri Rouen Cathedral chenjezo kwa mizimu yoipa.

The etymology dzina ndi kalembedwe zolondola

Ambiri madzi zimbalangondo anali ndi mayina ofanana mu France, yomwe, mwanjira ina, ankaimba mpaka choyambirira mawu gorge (ndimweko) kapena garg (ku mneni gargarizare). Ena magwero mme- magwero a Chigiriki "gorgon". Mulimonsemo, ndi gargoyle - mtundu wa chilombo okhala adyera pakhosi, wokonzeka kuti umeze amalinyero wofooka kapena boaters, ndi pamodzi ndi madzi.

Chinenero cha Chirasha kulemba monga "gargoyle" ndi "gargoyle" kapena "garguyl". Kutanthauza magawano sakudziwa, ndipo sawona bwinobwino ndithu. Nthawi zambiri, chimake choyamba ukukamba mizukwa m'nthano masanjidwe n'kotheka, ndi wachiwiri ndi wachitatu embodiments - kwa zinthu mapulani monga grotesque sculptural zokongoletsa weirs.

Gargoyle pa zomangamanga

Yothandiza mwala chilombo pa madenga a matchalitchi akale kwenikweni kutali kwambiri ndi chipembedzo. Izi amafotokozera luso lakonzedwa azikongoletsa mwina amabisa dongosolo zovuta za cascading weirs. Ndipotu Gargoyle - ndi drainpipe, lomwe ndi Chiongoko ndi mpweya ufa ili pansipa, imene madzi adzapita mu chitoliro lotsatira.

Ngati machubu kumutulutsira chabe utykat Cathedral, si chikuoneka tinganene kuti ntchito yaluso mapulani. Gargoyles - si chosema ndi kuyesa bwino kuti chinthu chotero pansi ndi kumanga othandiza monga m'ngalande. Ndi yokongoletsera kubala osiyana mwambo tanthauzo, lingathandize mantha mu molimba mtima.

ziboliboli ya zoopsa

The gargoyles chidwi kwambiri - kuti ndi kuchuluka awo amene kale kupitirira yopapatiza fano njoka ngati chinjoka Zoological. Nyumba zolemekezeka chokongoletsedwa ndi chimodzimodzi chidwi ziboliboli wosangalatsa, Pakati tikhoza kuona zimbalangondo osati kokha, komanso zoopsa zosadziwika, anthu achilendo, chikhalidwe, nthano nkhani, ndipo ena a iwo prototypes ngakhale anali anakhalapodi.

The gargoyle wotchuka amene zithunzi ambiri talisindikizanso pa Intaneti zoona, amatanthauza Chimera a. Izi si kukhetsa, ndipo mmodzi wa anthu a zomera otchedwa a chimeras pa wotchuka Notre Dame Cathedral. Si bwino, amene nthaŵi zina amatchedwa Woganiza chifukwa cha khalidwe la aima pensive.

Gargoyles ndi chimeras nthawi zambiri anasokoneza mu malingaliro a anthu, ndi molakwika zimachitika mtundu wina ya zoopsa. M'kupita kwa nthawi, malire pakati pa mitundu kwenikweni anangotengeka, ndipo tsopano mfundo izi ngakhale ntchito ngati lofanana kwambiri pa moyo wa maphunziro, ndithudi, cholakwika.

metamorphosis gargoyles

Poyamba otchedwa gargoyles yekha chachikulu njoka zimbalangondo, nthano anasamuka ku gulu la zinthu mapulani. Koma m'ngalande opangidwa kuchokera ku njira zina: otchulidwa grotesque, chosonyeza ochimwa ndi ziwanda mu gehena, mikango ndi nyama zina. Mokulira ndi gargoyle tinganene kuti aliyense chinthu kapangidwe runoff - kuchokera chule kuti mmonke wina.

Chimera alinso newcomer kwa Agiriki, linali dzina la chilombo, amene thupi zigawo za mkango, mbuzi ndi njoka. Mutu, miyendo ndi torso wa mkango, mbuzi kukula kwa khosi womwewo wa mutu nyanga ndi mchira - njoka, limene, mogwirizana ndi magwero osiyanasiyana, anakantha ndi poizoni kapena kupuma moto.

M'kupita kwa nthawi, Chimera "anapeza" ziwalo za nyama zina, mapiko a mleme, nyani nkhope, tsitsi kapena Mamba kuchenjera kwa wolemba. Chimera - chinachake chimene kulibe, n'kosathandiza komanso lamkunkhuniza. N'zosadabwitsa kuti gargoyle zinagwa chimodzi modzi. Izo kokha ndi zaka zochepa, ndipo mayina mwanzeru ophatikizidwa.

gargoyle zamakono

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti mawu "gargoyle" kuti silinathe mu chifunga cha nthawi. A iwo kupanga mafilimu ndi mafilimu zosangalatsa kwambiri, kulemba mabuku, ntchito ngati anthu a dongosolo chachiwiri, komanso mayunitsi ndi Masewero mu pakompyuta ambiri. Gargoyle, kumene zithunzi kale ndinkaona ngati kuonedwa ngati umboni wa Notre-Dame de A Paris, amakondedwa ndi mapulani ambiri fano luso.

Mu Kiev, pali amamudziwa House ndi Chimeras, chokongoletsedwa ndi mafano a mitundu yonse ya zoopsa. A zambiri sculptural zolengedwa chisa St. Petersburg, mwachitsanzo mu wosula Alley.

Gargoyle zimachitika ankakangana cantankerous khalidwe, mawu amenewa angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chipongwe kapena dzina monyogodola ku adiresi ya mkazi ndi khalidwe. Zakuti "Interns" Dr. ng'ombe zamphongo wotchedwa zipatala mkulu dokotala Anastasia Kisegach.

Tsopano gargoyle nthawi zambiri kuperekedwa monga ena ziwanda ndi mapiko leathery, mu mawonekedwe, iwo kuwonekera a pakompyuta ndiponso mafilimu. Iye zimachitika luso kuwasandutsa mwala kawiri kutsitsimutsa. Koma musaiwale kuti onse anayamba ndi njoka chachikulu, amati akukhala malire kunsi kwa Mtsinje khoka.