General Andranik Ozanyan: biography, ntchito, mbiri ya moyo ndi mphoto

Gen. Ozanyan Andranik Torosovich anali mmodzi mwa atsogoleri otchuka a gulu lachiwombolo la Armenia chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1900 ndi zaka za m'ma 2000. Iye ndi msirikali wa dziko la Armenia. Ozanyan anali mdani wosasunthika wa chiphunzitso cha Turkey.

Udindo wa "general" Andranik Ozanyan adalandira thukuta ndi magazi. Anamenyana ndi kuponderezedwa kwa anthu ake, pofuna kuti amuwone mfulu. Ozanyan anali ndi chidwi ndi kumasulidwa kwa mtunduwo ku gori la Turkey. Anagwirizanitsa tsogolo la anthu ake okha ndi Russia, zomwe zingathandize anthu a ku Armenia kumasuka.

Banja

Mbiri ya Ozanyan Andranik Torosovich ndi yosangalatsa komanso yofunika. Zochitika zambiri ndi zenizeni za nkhondo ya Armenian motsutsana ndi a Turkine zimagwirizana ndi dzina lake. Ozanyan anabadwa pa February 25, 1865 mumzinda wawung'ono wa Shapin-Garaisar.

Dzina la amayi ake linali Mariam. Koma iye anamwalira pamene Ozanyan anali chaka ndi theka chabe. Iye anali ndi mlongo wachikulire wokwatiwa Nazeli. Pambuyo imfa ya amayi ake, anakulira ndi bambo ake, Toros Ozanyan. Iye anali katswiri wamagetsi ndipo ankagwira ntchito yochepa, akuchita bizinesi yaying'ono.

Nthawi zina, akuchita bizinesi, bambo ake anatenga Andranik naye. Izi zimayenda ulendo wamtsogolo omwe amawona kuti ndi maulendo ang'onoang'ono. Bambo anga ankafuna kuti mwana wawo azitsogolera bizinesiyo atamwalira.

Koma sizinali zotheka kukhala wogulitsa bwino ku Toros, iye ankayenera kuchita kalipentala. Ankafuna kuphunzitsa chitukukochi ndi mwana wake, koma sanasonyeze chikhumbo cha mtundu umenewu.

Zaka zaunyamata

Ozanyan ankakopeka kwambiri ndi masewera a nkhondo, zida. Iye ankakwera mahatchi mwangwiro, masewera okonzeka nthawi zonse. Iye ankakonda kusewera "nkhondo". Ine ndikhoza kuthyola mphuno yanga kwa mdani. Koma anzake ankamulemekeza, anamvera komanso ankamukonda. Ambiri achikulire, mosasamala kanthu ndi zochitika za Ozanyan, amupatsa chitsanzo kwa ana ake. Andranik Ozanyan anali kusamalira abwenzi ake, nthawi zonse ankagawana zomwe anali nazo, sankafuna amantha, ankalemekeza abwenzi ake ndipo ankanyadira kulimba mtima kwawo.

Maphunziro

Mu 1875 Andranik anapita ku sukulu yapafupi. Pambuyo pa zaka 7, adaphunzira. Ankondedwa ndi anzake a m'kalasi ndi aphunzitsi. Ozanyan ankakonda nkhaniyi. Makamaka ankakonda ntchito zosiyanasiyana za olamulira otchuka. Pamene ankadziwa zambiri, adadana kwambiri ndi anthu a ku Turks omwe ankapondereza. Ndipo iye anaganiza kuti cholinga cha moyo wake chikanakhala kulimbana nawo.

Moyo waumwini

Ozanyan anakwatira msanga mokwanira, ali ndi zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri. Koma posakhalitsa mkazi wake wokondedwa anamwalira, atabala mwana. Patatha milungu ingapo mwanayo anamwalira. Ozanyan anakumana kwambiri ndi imfa ya banja. Anzake amatha kumulepheretsa maganizo ake okhumudwa. Amapita naye ku misonkhano, komwe anakambirana mafunso, kuchotsa goli la Turkey, lomwe linagonjetsa anthu awo panthawiyo.

Aprotestanti Ozanyan

Kupirira kwa Ozanyan wolimba kunadzazidwa ndi kuzunzidwa kwa Armenian ndi mkulu wa apolisi wa Constantinople. Anayamba kunyamula lupanga ndi kumupha. Chifukwa chake, ndinafunika kubisala. Koma patapita kanthaŵi Andranik Ozanyan anazindikira kuti anthu a ku Armenia sakanatha kumasulidwa ku goli la Turkey popha akuluakulu. Anayamba kupanga magulu a asilikali ndipo pang'onopang'ono amawathandiza.

Chifukwa cha ichi iye anapita ku mayiko ambiri kumene kunali anthu a Armenia. Ndinatha kuwagwirizanitsa, ndikulimbikitsidwa ndi cholinga chomasula dziko lakwawo kuchokera kwa adani. Iye anayambitsa ntchito yaikulu. Ndinadziŵa njira zothetsera mavuto a anthu ena motsutsana ndi adaniwo. Zotsatira zake, adatsogolera ntchito yolimbana ndi chipolowe cha Turkey kudziko lakwawo.

Kuyanjana kwa anthu a ku Turkey. Ntchito yamagulula

Atabwerera kwawo, Andranik Ozanyan ndi anzake anasonkhanitsa gulu laling'ono, lomwe linasokoneza akuluakulu a ku Turkey. Akuluakulu adawafunafuna, akufuna kuti awathe. Koma asilikali a Ozanyan anawathamangitsa, monga momwe anachitira zipolowe za Azerbaijan.

Andranik nthawi zonse ankathandiza osauka ndi opanda chitetezo komanso mopanda chifundo iwo anawalanga iwo omwe anali kupachikidwa pa wina. Ozanyan inasanduka mabingu a beys ndi pashas, omwe anawononga midzi ya Armenian. Pa nkhondo popanda chifukwa chachikulu, iye anasankha kuti asalowe nawo. Zochita zake zonse ndi nkhondo zinali cholinga choteteza anthu ake.

Kutsutsidwa kwa a ku Turkey

Andranik Ozanyan, yemwe mbiri yake ikugwirizana kwambiri ndi gulu lomasula, potsiriza linapanga gulu lalikulu ndi lamphamvu la haidukas. Iwo anayamba kumenyana ndi asilikali a Turkey. Pamene Ozanyan, pokhala ku nyumba ya ambuye a Atumwi Oyera, anatenga nkhondo yopanda malire ndi adani apamwamba. M'gulu laling'ono lotsogoleredwa ndi Andranik, panali asilikali 37 okha. Anthu a ku Turks anapha asilikali okwana 6,000. Koma ngakhale ngakhale kumenyera mano a asilikari sakanatha kugonjetsa ochepa a Armenian opanduka.

M'ndende ya Andranik inapha asilikali 4, koma kuwonongeka kwa mdaniyo kunali kochuluka kwambiri. A Armenian achoka ku nyumba ya amonke chifukwa cha kusoŵa kwa chakudya ndi zida. Iwo adasokoneza chitetezo cha anthu a ku Turks mobisa komanso mosamala kuti athe kutuluka. Nthambiyo sinatayike. Ndipo kumenyana kotereku, ndi njira yodzitetezera kunja kwa blockade anakhala nthano. M'lingaliro la anthu a ku Armenia, asilikali a Ozanyan ankawoneka ngati osavomerezeka komanso osasokonezeka.

Chiyambi cha gulu lomasula

Gulu la ufulu wa Andranik linapindulitsa kwambiri ndipo adapeza mbiri. Kuuka kwakukulu kwakukulu kunayamba. Mmodzi mwa iwo Andranik Ozanyan anapita ku Gorny Sasun. Koma mphamvuzo zinali zosagwirizana, ndipo anayenera kubwerera. Koma chiyambi cha gulu lomasula lidaikidwa kale.

Kupambana nkhondo

Mu 1912, Ozanyan ndi bwana wachiwiri Garegin anasonkhanitsa gulu la anthu odzipereka. Komanso, osati Armenian okha, komanso mitundu ina inalipo. Iwo anatha kugonjetsa A Turks pafupi ndi mudzi wa Mergamly. Andranik analandira mphoto yaikulu kwambiri kuchokera ku boma la Bulgaria - Golden Cross. Pambuyo pake anapatsidwa mitanda ya siliva ya digiri ya 3 ndi 4. Boma la Bulgaria la Ozanyan linalimbikitsidwa kukhala oyang'anira. Analandira ubale wa dziko lino ndi penshoni ya moyo.

Ozanyan ndi asilikali a Russia

Anthu a ku Russia anaphunzira za ntchito za Andranik ndipo anayamikira kwambiri zomwe anachita. Chifukwa chake, adalamulidwa kupanga gulu loyamba la Armenia, lomwe iye mwiniyo adatsogola. Pambuyo pake, adagwira nawo ntchito yofunikira pomenya nkhondo ya Mush, Van ndi Bitlis. Ozanyan adapatsidwa ndondomeko zambiri ndi malamulo a Ufumu wa Russia.

Kutsutsa kwa Andranik

Dziko la Armenian litalengezedwa, atsogoleri a Andranik sanathe kupeza chinenero chimodzi. Anasokonezeka maganizo ndi chigwirizano, chomwe chinatsimikiziridwa ndi anthu a ku Turkey. Pogwirizana, magulu a Echmiadzin ndi Erivan okha ndiwo anatsalira boma la Armenia. Ena onse a ku Armenia anakhalabe m'manja mwa anthu a ku Turkey.

Mu 1917, Ozanyan adanena kuti akuchoka ndikusokoneza maubwenzi ake ndi boma la Armenia, zomwe adamenyana nazo. Andranik anakhumudwitsidwa ndi ndondomeko ya kumadzulo kwa Africa komanso maganizo awo ku Armenia. Iye sanalandirebe mgwirizano. Mu 1919 iye anadza ku Echmiadzin. Kumeneko anathetsa asilikali ake ndipo anasamukira kudziko lina.

Andranik Ozanyan adzakhala kosatha kukumbukira anthu a Armenian. Filimu yokhudza iye ikhoza kuwonedwa pa "Youtube". Wopambana adatha kuthetsa ulamuliro wa adaniwo ndipo adathandizira kuti anthu ake amasulidwe ku goli la Turkey.