Haim Veytsman - pulezidenti woyamba wa Israel

Woyamba pulezidenti wa Isiraeli, Haim Veytsman ndi amene anapereka moyo wake ku chilengedwe cha moto wa anthu ake Palestine. Anali kuyembekezera moyo nkhondo ziwiri, mwana wake anamwalira, koma kukhala anthu amene adzatsogolera anthu ake ku Israeli watsopano.

zaka wamng'ono

Haim Veytsman anabadwa 27.11.1874 m'mudzi wa bloodworms pafupi Pinsk (lero Belarus). bambo ake ankagwira ntchito kalaliki mu ofesi, amene ankachita nawo matabwa rafting. Banja anali ndi ana aakazi asanu ndi ana awiri.

Ana m'banja la miyambo ya Ayuda, koma ndi zigawo maphunziro. Poyamba, Chaim ndaleredwa mu cheder, kenako anapitiriza maphunziro ake a Sukulu Real, imene anamaliza 1892.

Mapangidwe wotsatira wa mnyamata analandira ku Germany ndi Switzerland. Pa chiphaso cha Doctor Namkungwi amakhala oyamba mu University of Geneva ndipo kenako Manchester.

Chiyambi cha ntchito zake zandale

Pophunzira wake, Haim Veytsman limodzi ndi bwalo Zionist. nthumwi zake anauziridwa ndi maganizo a Herzl. Weizmann anakhala nkhoswe ndi lingaliro la kumanga yunivesite kwa Ayuda, omwe anali kukhala pakati wauzimu wa Zionism.

Pa nthawi yomweyo Haim Veytsman anali mdani wa dongosolo otchedwa Uganda, mogwirizana ndi zomwe akufuna kulenga kanthawi Ayuda pakati national kuchokera m'mayiko mbiri.

Pambuyo m'dera Manchester anasankha maganizo ovomereza Britain. Apa iye akwatira Vera Hatsman, amene anali wophunzira yunivesite. Ndi 1910, mphunzitsi afika nzika British ndipo anakumana ndi Ambuye Balfour. Haim anditsutsa bwenzi lake lapamtima (mtsogolo mtumiki yachilendo British), kuti kulenga Ayuda dziko kunyumba ayenera kukhala ndendende pa Dziko la Israel.

Pa World Choyamba

Chiyambireni cha nkhondo bwalo Zionist anatenga zinakambirana. Ngakhale ena mwa anthu ake, mwachitsanzo, Vladimir Jabotinsky, anaganiza mapangidwe ndi Legiyo Chiyuda monga mbali ya British Army. Iye ankayenera kuti amasule Palestine ndi akuluakulu a boma la Turkey.

Mapulani Jabotinsky anathandiza Haim Veytsman. Zinali iye amene anakonza zoti tidzakumane ndi Ambuye Kitchener, amene anali mtumiki wa nkhondo Britain.

Pa nthawi ya nkhondoyo, Weizmann anatha ntchito zofunika kwa British Army. Zachitetezo chikufunika acetone, amene ntchito yopanga opanda utsi onga. Lisanaperekedwe, acetone kunja ku United States, koma izi zonse zinasintha ndi pamaso pa sitima zankhondo German mu nyanja ya Atlantic mu 1915. The sayansi anakhoza kukhala yopanga acetone pa chilumba. Kuti alenge ntchito yoyamba ya mbewu wowuma, koma zimakhudza kotunga mbewu zoweta msika. Choncho kugwiritsa ntchito zipatso za kavalo mgoza, yemwe analibe zakudya mtengo. kusonkhana panafika mgoza ngakhale asukulu.

Kudzera Weizmann uyu ali kulankhula zofunika pakati mabwalo chigamulo Britain. Iye anali wokhoza kuonetsetsa kuti boma la UK aonetsa chidwi Zionism. Chifukwa cha Balfour Declaration yosainidwa mu 1917. Chikalatacho chinali chiyambi cha kubwezeretsa pakati achiyuda ku Palestine.

Ndi zikamera wa Balfour Declaration unakhala wotchuka kwambiri wandale mabwalo Zionist. Mu 1918, iye anali mtsogoleri wa bungwe la Zionist, amene anatumizidwa ku Palestine boma la Britain. The Commission awunike moyo wa Pamudzi zotheka ndi chitukuko zina ya Ayuda. Tsatirani moyo wa Weizmann anali kuonetsetsa ogwirizana ndi Kulenga kwa moto wa anthu ake Palestine.

Panthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri

Isanayambe World nkhondo II Haim Veytsman, amene yonena kumayambitsa chilengedwe cha Isiraeli anayamba kutaya kutchuka mabwalo Zionist. Chifukwa cha ichi chinali chilengedwe cha Britain White Paper, chimene chiri chosiyana ndi mfundo za Balfour Declaration.

Mu masiku oyambirira a nkhondo katswiri-wandale anatumiza mawu boma boma la Britain. Iwo ananena kuti Ayuda ali kumbali ya Britain ndipo ndikufuna nkhondo demokalase.

Pa nthawi ya nkhondo Weizmann ntchito pa ulimi wa mafuta apamwamba octeni, kupanga labala. Anathandizira chakuti Ayuda ankalamulidwa ndi asilikali British. Pa nthawi ya nkhondoyo, panali pafupi makumi asanu zikwi odzipereka, kuphatikizapo mwana wa Weizmann, amene anamwalira mu 1942.

chilengedwe cha Israel

Ngakhale kuti pambuyo nkhondo Zionist Organization mpando ndi kusankhidwa utsogoleri wa Weizmann wa World Zionist Organization, iye sanangokhala ankafuna kulenga chikhalidwe cha Chiyuda.

Zikomo kuti khama lake, mu 1947 ku United Nations anaganiza pa kugawa la Palestine. A masiku angapo pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa dziko la Israyeli pulezidenti m'tsogolo amatha kupeza kuchokera US mutu (Truman) chilolezo kuti apereke ngongole pa mawu yabwino kwa dziko la Ayuda kukula madola mamiliyoni zana.

Policy anasankhidwa mutu wa Bungwe la boma latsopano Provisional mu 1948, ndipo mu 1949 - pulezidenti woyamba. Pa nthawi imene iye anali zaka makumi anayi. Chifukwa zaka matenda, iye anali zovuta kuchita amchigulu. Anakhala mpando wa kunyumba munthu mu Rehovot. Mpando ndi mavoti kwa akuti chachiwiri Weizmann anali mu 1951.

Pulezidenti Israeli anafa chifukwa cha 11.09.1952 matenda aakulu.

mfundo zosangalatsa

Testamentary Weizmann m'manda m'munda wa panyumba pake, limene lili m'dera la Institute ndi Research mu Rehovot. Popeza 1949, bungwe lina nayamba kunyamula dzina lake.

Pulezidenti woyamba mu 1949 lofalitsidwa autobiography wake. Inasindikizidwa mu English pansi udindo "Pofufuza za njira."

Haim Veytsman (makoti Amaonetsa zimenezi) anali wandale wanzeru ndi aluntha. Iye anali kulankhula maganizo ake interlocutor wake. Mawu chidwi kwambiri. "Yerusalemu tinali pamene tidakali zithaphwi mu malo London," "Mwina, ndife ana a amalonda, koma ife - pa adzukulu a aneneri"

Mphwake Weizmann m'bale (Ezeri) anakhala pulezidenti chiwiri la Israel. Iye analamulira dziko m'chaka 1993-2000.