Hanafi kachikhulupiriro: anayambitsa, kachikhulupiriro, magwero a chilamulo

Madhhab mu Islam amatchedwa sukulu ya malamulo Sharia. Mu zaka zoyambirira pambuyo pakutchulidwa izi sizachilendo masiku ano chipembedzo, gulu la asayansi kulemekezedwa ndi akatswiri nawo yonena za Mneneri Muhammad ndi omutsatira ake. Pamaziko a ntchito yawo m'tsogolo analengedwa nambala yaikulu ya sukulu Mavalidwewa a Quran ndi Sunnah. Ife anapulumuka nthawi yathu, ndithudi, si onse.

Pa nthawi, pali akuluakulu anayi Madhab mu dziko Muslim. Otsatira za Islam amakhulupirira kuti ziphunzitso izi - Sunna ndi odalirika ndi kukonza maganizo a Koran mchitidwe ano tsiku ndi tsiku. Ambiri mu dziko nthawi yomweyo ndi Hanafi kachikhulupiriro. Otsatira a chiphunzitso ichi ndi ambiri Muslim.

woyambitsa

Dzina lake ambiri mu Islam madhhab dzina lake Azam Abu Hanifa. Iwo izi adzalemekezedwa ndi Asilamu onse pa dziko ndi wowuma ndi achipembedzo Imam ndipo anayambitsa ake. Anabadwa Azabm Abu Hanifa mu nthawi ya Sahabah mu Kufa. mzinda m'masiku amenewo anali mmodzi wa maphunziro, chikhalidwe komanso ya chipembedzo malo ofunika kwambiri kwa Caliphate. banja Imam wa anachokera ku Iran ndi kuchita malonda silika.

Kuyambira ali mwana Azam Abu Hanifa anayambanso kukhala ndi chidwi mu ziphunzitso zipembedzo ndi nzeru zaumunthu zinalili ndiye mu Kufa. Kukula, anaganiza kuti mupewe kwathunthu ku malonda silika ndi kudzipereka kwathunthu kwa sayansi.

Kuphunzira fiqh

Poyamba Azam Abu Hanifa anatenga nawo mbali yonse Kutsutsana achipembedzo komanso cha nzeru za pakati pa Kharijites ndi owayimilira Mu'tazilites za magulu ena. Kenako iye anadzakhala chidwi malamulo Chisilamu (fiqh). Choyamba, iye anayamba kuphunzira mosamala ndi ma Hadiths wa Mtumiki Muhammad ndi ayahs (ndime) a Quran. Pankhaniyi, Azam Abu Hanifa anatsimikiza kuti mupewe malemba ndi dongosolo zofunika malamulo, kuwapatsa zonse sayansi.

Kuphunzira fiqh Muslim nzeru zapamwamba ndawala nthawi yaitali - za zaka 28. akuthandizeni kwake lamulo Chisilamu panthawi zosiyanasiyana anali ngati wolemekezeka akatswiri Muslim, ngati Amr Ibn Dzhumahi, Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri, Hisham Ibn Urwah, ndi zina zotero D..

Hanafi kachikhulupiriro: Mosiyana ndi masukulu ena

Kuchuluka kwa sukuluyi dziko Muslim makamaka chifukwa kusinthasintha ake. Komanso, popularization wa Hanafi Madhab ankalimbikitsa ndi kuphunzira zambiri za nkhani zokhudza Shariah. Panyengo iyo ndiyo mwatsatanetsatane achipembedzo ndi malamulo chiphunzitso mu dziko Muslim.

Kuwonjezera pa Abu Hanifa, anayambitsa sukulu Hanafi wa ganizo amanena otsatira ake Muhammad Ash-Shaibani, ndi Abu Yusuf. Atatu awa wolemekezeka nzeru ena a zaumulungu kuti anatha kulenga sukulu kwambiri nkhambakamwa chabe, izi kudzera achipembedzo koma pazifukwa zomveka mfundo osati.

kukhulupirira

Ngati mwaika pamodzi mabuku onse a Hanafi Madhab, ndiye adzakhala kuposa ena atatu pamodzi. Ambiri mwa Asilamu sukulu kukhala maziko achiphunzitso chikhulupiriro anatengera maturidi. Izi nthanthi kayendedwe Chisilamu anatuluka mu m'ma XIII nakhala ambiri pa ulamuliro Ottoman.

Waukulu zimasiyanitsa Mbali maturidi ndi otsatira ake pankhani ya "Genesis wa Mulungu" analola kudalira si umboni, komanso maganizo zake, kumene, popanda kugwa mu zinthu monyanyira. Ndi nkhani ya ufulu wa chifuniro cha nkhani imeneyi, mwina anazindikira mfundo dzhabritov. Yotsirizira kukhulupirira kuti zochitika zonse za anthu analengedwa osati mwa iwo koma ndi Mulungu. Komabe, mosiyana kwathunthu kukana munthu ufulu wosankha dzhabritov otsatira hanfitskogo Madhab kuvomereza mfundo yakuti Mulungu anamasuliridwa mu chizolowezi chabe kuti poyamba amachokera munthuyo. Mwachidule, ndi kutsimikiza maturiditov, zochita zawo anthu okha, koma ndi thandizo la mphamvu ya Mulungu.

magwero Main la chilamulo

Yachokera oimira sukulu, pamene Hanafi madhhab, pachikhulupiriro chawo chokhazikika pa Quran ndi Sunnah. Komanso, malamulo a Abu Hanifah zachokera magwero monga:

• Kiyas. Kuti maganizo ndi kufanizira. Njira imeneyi ntchito mu Islam, ngati n'koyenera, pakalibe kumveka mu Chivumbulutso maumboni mwachindunji njira yothetsera vuto linalake. Pankhaniyi, kulabadira kufanizira alipo mu Quran.

• Idzhama - kugwirizana-zamulungu nzeru ena a m'mbuyomu ndiponso masiku ano.

• Orff - ntchito monga mkangano pachikhalidwe wamba mu Islam amaona pakalibe zikuonetsa enieni mu Chivumbulutso.

• Istihsan. Zona ngati Qiyas yosagwirizana ndi idzhamoy ndi orfom. Ngati maganizo ndi kufanizira si bwino lamulo malamulo akhoza inakhazikitsa ndi kalata yomasulira wa Kiyas kukangana.

Ndi bwino mu mitundu yonse ya zinthu za lamulo Sharia ku sukulu angathe kukhala pa maziko a nkhani za ophunzira Mneneri Muhammad.

Pemphero Hanafi madhhab: zokwaniritsa

Choyamba Shari'ah (Lawi la Islam) ndi kungotchula chilinganizo cha Mulungu mmodzi ndi kuzindikira cholinga cha Muhammad, wachiwiri - pemphero. Ndondomeko pemphero Islam anatuluka ngati kugwedeza chitsanzo ndi kayendedwe ka Mtumiki Muhammad. Ndi ndendende mmene iye anachita pemphero, kumbukirani ophunzira ake ndi Asilamu kumayambiriro. Kenako, iwo anaperekedwa ulamuliro wa pemphero otsatira ena a Chisilamu.

oimira Namaz sukuluyi wakale monga Hanafi kachikhulupiriro phunziro kwa zinthu zisanu ndi chimodzi:

• ankasamba mwamwambo;

• thupi chivundikiro (kwa amuna - kuchokera m'michombo kuti mawondo, akazi - onse kupatula nkhope, mapazi ndi manja);

• akaonekere kwa Qiblah (ayenera kuima zinayang'ana Al-kaaba);

• yake kukwaniritsidwa kwa pemphero;

• cholinga kuti sindipempherera yokhala, koma chifukwa cha Allah;

• chiyambi cha pemphero mawu "Allahu Akbar."

Mosiyana ndi masukulu ena a pemphero

Malinga ndi malamulo kuti agwire chithandizo mwambo Mulungu Islam zachokera kasanu patsiku. Mfundo pemphero yokha imagwiridwa pafupi mofanana mu masukulu ena. Koma pali kusiyana. Mwachitsanzo, mu sukulu Hanafi izo ndikoletsedwa kuphatikiza mapemphero amenewo kuonedwa pa nthawi zosiyanasiyana za tsiku, mu mvula kapena panjira. pali kuchotserapo ochepa kuti lamulo limeneli. Pa Hajj Hanafi, zina, komabe ogwirizana mapemphero.

Features mapemphero m'mawa

Woyamba wa mapemphero asanu otsatira wamwamuna wa sukulu imeneyi imagwiridwa pamene amakhala kuwala kokwanira kusiyanitsa zinthu mozungulira. Mwambo umenewu kale ankakhulupirira, zikuoneka kuti kusonkhanitsa ambiri anthu mzikiti lapansi. Akazi yocheza ndi pemphero mmawa zambiri mu mdima.

Madhhab ku Russia

Mu dziko lathu, Asilamu amakhala a zotchuka kwambiri Sunni Islam gulu. Chotero, mwachitsanzo, ndi Bashkirs, Chitata, kabradintsy, Circassians ndi ena mitundu ina. Malinga ndi kafukufuku ndi akatswiri, Sunni Hanafi Madhab anaonekera mu Russia pasanapite nthawi kuchokera umboni Chisilamu.

Kuwonjezera pa Hanafi, m'dziko lathu pali okha ochita Shafi'ites. Awa makamaka anthu ku Caucasus, n'kukakhala ku Moscow, St. Petersburg ndi mizinda ina ikuluikulu. Choncho, Hanafi ndi Shafi'i sukulu - wapadera mu sukulu Russian la chilamulo Sharia.