Hematology atayezetsa

Hematology - phunziro, zomwe nthawi zambiri zotchulidwa dokotala ku pulayimale

Kuphunzira mtima. Njira kwambiri ophweka ndi mosavuta zotheka kuphunzira za mavuto mu thupi ndi kumvetsa zimene malangizo kusuntha - kupereka magazi hematology. Mukhoza kuchita izi mu zipatala zonse boma, zipatala ndi malo zachipatala analipira.

Zomwe mungachite chiyani?

Hematology - ikulongosola zigawo zake zofunika kwambiri, amene amapereka lingaliro la kukhalapo kwa njira yotupa ndi oncological.

kuwunika amafufuza maselo onse m'gulu magazi anatsimikiza ndi kukula, kulemera, chiwerengero ndi kuchuluka. Komanso, milingo anayeza wa hemoglobin, hematocrit, ndi liwiro erythrocyte sedimentation mlingo.

Iwo anagwira magazi pa chowunikira hematology.

Ndi zotsatira za dokotala phunziro akhoza kundiuza ngati bwino chikufanana mankhwala wodwala sikofunika ngati kusintha wake ndipo ngati n'koyenera, chimodzimodzi zomwe mukufuna kusintha.

maselo Major magazi ndi ntchito zawo

Chimene chimabweretsa hematology?

Onse kuphunzira mitundu selo 3 - othandiza magazi kuundana, maselo ofiira ndi maselo oyera. onsewo ali ndi cholinga chawo ndi kugwira ntchito zina.

leukocytes

maselo magazi White - magazi zokometsera waukulu kumenyana ndi ozama tizilombo zoipa. Ndi maselo oyera a magazi a mtundu kuzungulira ndi ngale mwambo. malo awo kuswana - mfundo wapadera, wotchedwa lymph. Iwo ndi zopinga zazikulu kuti adziteteze particles kuimira ngozi.

Ngati pazifukwa zina kuchuluka kapena khalidwe la maselo oyera akugwa, ndi mfundo kutupa, kulola matenda kufalitsa mwa iwo. Chitetezo chokwanira amachepetsa ndi zochita m'thupi zinthu mochedwa.

Mwachibadwa, leukocytes ayenera kukhala 4,5-11 zikwi. / Ml. Zikuphatikizapo Kusiyana kwake.

neutrophils

Neutrophils, amene gawo ali oposa 72% ya mitundu yonse ya maselo oyera. Izi maselo ang'onoang'ono zili makamaka zimakhala za thupi la munthu, nawo magazi ndi otsika. dongosolo limeneli chifukwa chakuti neutrophils ayenera pamaso pa onse kupeza malo matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi n'chongoletsa iwo.

Kuchuluka kwawo kulimbikitsa matenda toyambitsa mafangasi njira yotupa, pakutchulidwa a zotupa, kukha mwazi kuvulala minofu, ena mankhwala. Kuchepa zimawonedwa pokonza kachilombo koyambitsa, mlingo wa poizoni.

eosinophils

Eosinophils excrete poizoni ndi zinthu zawo kudzitsitsa. Iwo kudziwa bwino idzayenda chilonda machiritso ndi kusinthika kwa zimakhala kuonongeka komanso kukana kuti allergens.

Normal wamkulu kuchokera 1 mpaka 5% mu leukocyte chilinganizo. Kuchuluka eosinophil opezeka pa zochita zosiyanasiyana siligwirizana, helminthic infestations, kukula kwa zotupa zilonda, chiwindi ndi matenda enaake ndi zilonda m'mimba.

Mbali yapadera ya maselo amenewa ndi iwo kuwonjezera matenda limasonyeza chiyambi cha kuchira mtima. Iwo chepetse chiwerengero cha eosinophils ndi zikutha m'mayiko okwana thupi, maganizo pafupipafupi, kusagona tulo, nthawi postoperative.

basophils

Basophils ndi gulu laling'ono la maselo oyera, ali zosakwana 1% ya okwana, koma iwo ali lalikulu. Chifukwa cha maselo amenewa m'thupi sangathe adamulowetsa allergens ambiri ndi tinthu poizoni, mwachitsanzo pambuyo kulumidwa ndi tizilombo.

Mkulu basophils kuphwanya amayamba ndi mlingo wa mahomoni chithokomiro matenda a m'matumbo mu zilonda matenda chilonda, akusowa chitsulo. msinkhu wawo imagwera pa mimba, masiku pamene ovulation zikachitika, kukhalapo mphutsi.

Chiwerengerochi zimasonyezanso hematology.

monocytes

Monocytes - mtundu chowulungika leukocytes ndi dongosolo homogeneous. Iwo ali ponseponse kwa munthu wamkulu - 3-11%. Ndi mtundu wa okonza, akuziika maselo akale ndi kuwononga thupi otsekeredwa mu zinyalala, komanso kuwononga gulu chitetezo antigens.

The kuchuluka kwa monocytes taonera m'kati mwa matenda opatsirana mu mawonekedwe kwambiri, kuchepetsa - mu anemias wa etiologies osiyana. Ngati monocytes pafupifupi si wapezeka, munthu akhoza kuganiza pamaso pa pathologies zovuta monga khansa kapena sepsis.

lymphocytes

Lymphocytes ali ndi udindo kukhalabe chitetezo cha m'thupi pa mlingo woyenera, pangakhale zaka zoposa 10, onyamula kukumbukira m'thupi. N'chifukwa chake matenda ambiri angachire kamodzi kokha moyo. M'magazi mwawo lili 19-37%.

Mothandizidwa ndi lymphocytes anawonongedwa maselo mutated kusunga nkhani zolakwika. Komabe, kuwonjezeka lakuthwa mu chiwerengero akhoza kusonyeza chotupa kuti akufotokozera mu m'mafupa. A kuwonjezeka pang'ono zimawonedwa matenda a matenda tizilombo. lymphocyte akusowa chimayambitsa matenda toyambitsa lymphoma.

Apa pali chimene chimabweretsa mayeso hematology magazi. Koma si onse.

erythrocytes

maselo magazi Red - maselo akhalebe amphamvu yachibadwa magazi mpweya ndi deducing mpweya woipa opangidwa pa kupuma ndi magazi. Ndi thandizo lawo, komanso anapereka patsogolo zakudya zonse zimakhala. Kupereka kuwombola mpweya ikuchitika kudzera hemoglobin, amene ali maselo ofiira. Ngati sikokwanira, akhoza kubwera hypoxia.

maselo ofiira mosavuta kwambiri wothinikizidwa ndi zikhoza kusintha kwa nthawi 3. Ponseponse mu magazi a amuna ndi akazi ndi 4-5 mln. / Cu. mamilimita ndi 3.7-4.7 mln. / Cu. mamilimita motero. Ngati iwo ali onenepa, akulankhula za mavuto ndi impsozo, kuchepa madzi m'thupi, pamaso pa chotupa, eritremii. Kulandira kukonzekera corticosteroid komanso bwino mlingo wa maselo ofiira.

Ndi zovuta kudziwa mayeso hematology magazi.

msinkhu wawo amachepetsa chifukwa anemias zosiyanasiyana, nthawi wobereka ndi madzimadzi owonjezera mu zimakhala ndi.

othandiza magazi kuundana

Othandiza kupereka mtima makoma ndipo zimakhala luso lake kukhala bwinobwino, kuwonjezeka mphamvu zawo regenerative. Komanso, chifukwa katundu wawo kuti occlude Mitsempha magazi oyima, magazi coagulates.

Othandiza angatani pamodzi osati mwa iwo okha komanso ndi maselo ena, chimene chiri chofunika kwambiri pofuna kudziteteza mabakiteriya akulowa m'magazi. Pambuyo gluing maselo tizilombo kupatsidwa zinthu za m'mwazi zikadzawonongedwa, kupha ndi gwero la ngozi. Mbali imeneyi amagwiritsa thupi lomwelo kugwira pamodzi mitsempha ndi maselo mtima.

Pano pali nkhani MAGAZI hematological. Wakudziko - 180-320 zikwi mayunitsi / ml ya ... Ngati kuchuluka, ndiye pali kuthekera TB, khansa, njira khansara mu chiwindi ndi impso, nyamakazi, enteritis, nthenda exacerbation, mwadzidzidzi nkhawa, kuledzera, magazi m'thupi.

Ngati zosakwana matenda yachibadwa kupatsidwa zinthu za m'mwazi zotheka monga chiwindi, kuwonongeka chiwindi ndi mafupa, owonjezera ndipo akusowa mahomoni chithokomiro, uchidakwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yaitali mankhwala ena.

Kufotokozera za zizindikiro zina pomalizira

Kodi wina angathe kudziwa mayeso hematology magazi? Decoding ndi wosavuta.

Ataphunzira zambiri pa maselo zotsatirazi magazi mu mzere ayenera hematocrit. Ichi ndi kuchuluka kwa maselo a magazi ndi madzi a m'magazi. Mwachibadwa, chiwerengero ichi ndi malire a 39-49%, ngati mayina n'ngosiyana pang'ono, izi si chifukwa chofufuzidwa wamkulu, monga chizindikiro ichi chofunika chokha mwawamba nkhani.

Kuwonjezeka kapena kuchepa kuti pali vuto ndi kuchuluka kwa maselo ena magazi. Mkulu hematocrit nthawi zambiri ndinawona pamene kusowa yaitali mpweya kapena madzi zimakhala thupi, magazi matenda osiyanasiyana ndi impso. Low hematocrit akhoza kukhala woyembekezera, kuchepa magazi, madzimadzi zimamuchulukira.

Ndithu nkhani hematological magazi mayesero. Decoding akuluakulu ndi ana ndi ofanana, koma pali kusiyana.

M'pofunikanso kufufuza erythrocyte sedimentation mlingo - ESR. Mwachibadwa, ayenera 1-12 mamilimita / h malinga jenda ndi zaka. Kwambiri mkulu ESR khalidwe kwa Oncology ndi kutupa magwero osiyanasiyana, matenda a impso kapena vutoli m'thupi chifukwa cha kuphatikizapo gestation ndi mkaka wa m'mawere, kusamba magazi. MA liwiro akutsikira zambiri pamene coagulation chisokonezo ndi osalimba a magazi, ndipo zimenezi zingachititse kulimbikira magazi - amapatsira mwana wake.

Kupeza zonsezi chinthu chofunika kwambiri hematology magazi. Decryption ziyenera kuperekedwa katswiri.

Pomaliza

Self decoding hematological magazi kusanthula angagwiritsidwe ntchito mfundo wounikira yekha. Onse maganizo ndi kopita ziyenera kuperekedwa pokhapokha dokotala monga kulongosola matenda kungafune mayesero ena ndiponso mayeso.

Pofuna kupewa chitukuko cha matenda ambiri kapena kudziwa iwo pa siteji oyambirira, kusanthula zimenezi akulimbikitsidwa kutenga zosachepera chaka m'gulu wamkulu wa anthu, miyezi sikisi iliyonse, ana ndi okalamba. Chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti kusanthula hematological zingathandize kuletsa njira zapamwamba za pathologies.