History of New York: malongosoledwe, mapangidwe nthawi chidwi mfundo, ndi zinthu zochititsa chidwi kwambiri

Malinga ndi zomwe boma ku New York City ndi kunyumba kwa anthu oposa 8.4. Malinga ndi mfundo zosavomerezeka mzinda chimagwirizanitsa nzika pafupifupi 21 miliyoni. Pankhaniyi, wokhala aliyense wa mzinda American akhoza kukhala ngwazi ya kanema. Kumeneko chaka chilichonse oposa 200 mafilimu kuchotsedwa.

Komabe, mbiri ya New York pafupifupi palibe amene akudziwa. Komanso panali yaikulu US mzinda? M'magazini ake ndi zokopa amene kwa aliyense alendo amene wasankha kudzacheza Manhattan chiyani? Ziyenera, ndiponso pa funso lililonse.

Kodi tikudziwa bwanji New York?

Chifukwa cha kukula kwa makampani American filimu iliyonse schoolchild Russian amadziwa kuti New York - mzinda umene maloto kuukira alendo, kumeneko kuyamba zombiapokalipsis ndi kuti mzinda American pali odzichepetsa wapamwamba ngwazi amene adzapulumutsa onse.

Ndipotu, ndi wapadera American boma. Zachilendo ngakhale m'dera limene New York. Mbali yaikulu ali ndi mapiri kuchokera kumpoto chakumadzulo izo kusamba ndi Nyanja Ontario, kum'mwera chakumadzulo kwa Allegheny Mapiri pafupi. Mu kumpoto kwa malire boma ali ndi Canada. Ndi kum'mwera chakum'mawa ndi nyanja ya Atlantic.

Ndipo ndithudi, mzinda wotchuka kwambiri ndi zomangamanga ndiponso zokopa. maso ake ayenera kuona Chosemedwa cha Ufulu, Brooklyn Bridge, mzinda wa nyumba zosanja zitalizitali, ndipo pitani American Museum of History Natural ku New York.

Tsiku lililonse mu mzinda kupita kuntchito 13 zikwi matakisi, ndi pansi pa dziko ndipo pamwamba pake ukugwira 468 okwerera mobisa. Mu ntchito iyi mobisa padziko koloko.

The Dutch anagula New York $ 25?

Malinga ndi mbiri yakale, amwenye kuthetsedwa "mu Manhattan" zaka 3000 zapitazo. Asayansi akukhulupirira kuti anthu ankakhala zimene tsopano ndi mudzi wa zaka 10 zikwi zapitazo. Komabe, mbiri ya New York monga boma US linayamba m'zaka za m'ma 16.

Mu 1524, dera anabwera motsogoleredwa ndi Italy wofufuza Giovanni Verrazano. Wasayansi ankafuna kuphunzira Hudson Mtsinje. Kenako, chisumbu anafika Dutch. Science chidwi pang'ono, anagwira dziko ndi kudzitcha izo - New Netherland (mu Baibulo lina - New Amsterdam).

Kwa anthu a m'dziko si kwambiri mukusautsika, Manhattan anamanga linga Amsterdam. Patapita chaka chimodzi, bwanamkubwa wa New Netherlands anagula pa Amwenye. Peter Minuit anagula mzinda waukulu wa tsogolo la zokongoletsera zitsulo, zodzikongoletsera zovala ofunika pa $ 25. Pambuyo zambiri za m'zaka za Manhattan anayamba kuitanitsa akapolo ku Africa.

English njuchi

M'chaka mochedwa 1664 ku Britain anafika mu "New York". Mbiri ya mzinda limatiuza kuti Dutch linagonja awo Chatsopano Netherland wopanda nkhondo. English kuthetsa anakhala kazembe Richard Nicholson. Ndipo Iye anawapatsa mzinda dzina lake pano. Kazembe wotchedwa mzinda m'tsogolo ulemu wa m'bale wake - King James Version 2, Kalonga wa York.

zochitika okha zinachitika pa nkhondo ya pakati pa Dutch Britain. zaka 9 pambuyo agonje yochititsa manyazi a mzinda anakwiya Dutch dziko watenganso n'kulitcha Chatsopano Orange. Komabe, patapita chaka (mu 1674) New York anakhalanso English pa Westminster mgwirizano.

Mumzindawo, ndithudi, osati ngati amenewa kawirikawiri za boma, kotero m'zaka 17 mochedwa, mbiri ya New York lakhala kugwirizana ndi kuukira mkati. Yaikulu zinachitika mu 1689-1691, motero. Pambuyo ndi pafupifupi zaka 100 mzinda anakhala mwamtendere. Kukodzedwa malire ake, anatsegula zipatala, sukulu, ma koleji.

Independent New York

Mu 1775 anayamba American Chiwukirano nkhondo. Ndi New York sakanatha kudutsa. Komanso, nkhondo zingapo kunachitika mu mzinda. A Brooklyn nkhondo zinachititsa kuti m'khutu moto kuti aononga kwambiri mzinda. The British sanapereke lisanathe mzinda. Only miyezi iwiri nkhondo itatha, New York anakhala US - November 25, 1783.

Sanaleke mzinda kukhala likulu loyamba la USA. Komanso, pali unachitikira pa mwambo pulezidenti woyamba - George Washington. Mwa njira, alendo masiku ano umboni zochitika zofunika kwambiri za moyo wa mzinda, kuyendera History Museum ku New York.

Tikumbukenso kuti mzinda yokha anakula anayamba kuyamika ochokera New England ndi Ireland. Mu zaka za m'ma 19, anthu a ku New York chinawonjezeka ndi nthawi 4 kuposa chithunzi cha anthu 1.2 miliyoni.

The nkhondo yapachiweniweni pakati pa North ndi South inaimitsidwa yomanga angapo a mzinda, koma pakutha pa New York, anayamba mphamvu yatsopano. Mu 1886, ku French anapereka United States Chosemedwa cha Ufulu. Pa nthawi yomweyo mu mzinda ali inawomba nyumba yaitali chake choyamba - Nsanja Building.

Zimene boma ndi New York?

mzinda ili m'chigawo cha dzina chomwecho. Mbiri boma la State wa New York anayamba July 26, 1788. tsiku kuti dera anabwera kwa United States.

Kodi Akuti: boma likulu sanali mzinda waukulu wa America ndi mzinda Olabani. Ndipo mwalamulo 20 miliyoni anthu moyo mu chikhalidwe, pafupifupi theka ndi anthu a ku New York City.

boma lili Mwambi ake, amene ndi Latin zikumveka ngati Excelsior, kutanthauza "pamwamba kulemera." Izi mwina chifukwa chakuti dera lomwe lili, imakhala mapiri.

Pa Mwambi kwambiri a mzinda, koma pali ochuluka monga awiri nicknames - "Capital wa World" ndi "Big Apple". Komanso, New York City amadziwika kuti dziko lonse kuti Zoonadi mu likulu la UN.

nyumba zosanja zazitali

Kumayambiriro kwa mzinda atumwi wotsiriza iwo anakhala mmodzi wa malo zamalonda ndi mafakitale. Ngakhale ndiye m'dziko ku New York anali mtengo, ndi malo kwa pomanga silinkachitidwa. mzinda anayamba kukula osati kupingasa, ndi oposa.

History of New York kumagwirizana ndi kumanga nyumba zosanja zitalizitali. Pafupifupi nyumba mkulu-nyamuka mu mzinda dzina yake. Kale mu 1907, linamangidwa ndi West Street Building, mamita 99 mkulu. Ndipo patapita zaka zinayi mumzinda wakula 246-mita Woolworth.

Pa yokrtsy izi Chatsopano sanaime, ndipo zaka 30 wa nyumba woyamba zinamangidwa, lomwe kuposa mlingo wa mamita 300. Chrysler Kumanga ndi Ufumu wa stayt Building kutalika kwa 319 ndi 381 meters motero.

Mu 1971, chisoni wotchuka nsanja mapasa (417 ndi 415 meters) zinamangidwa. Kwa nthawi yaitali anali nyumba zosanja zitalizitali apamwamba mu dziko.

Kufikira tsopano, New York erects nyumba zosanja zitalizitali. Choncho, mu 2013 mu mzinda "ananyamuka" Ufulu Tower kutalika mamita 541.

Brooklyn Bridge ndi Chifaniziro cha Liberty

Pafupifupi phindu mofanana nyumba zosanja zitalizitali, ndi mamangidwe a mumzindawo ndi milatho: Vilyamsbursky, Manhattan, Queensboro Bridge. Koma wotchuka kwambiri, chifukwa amaziona m'mafilimu, izo ankaona Brooklyn Bridge.

Wapadera kapangidwe ikulendewera inamangidwa 1883. Pakuti nthawi kuti inali yaikulu Mlatho mu dziko, ndi viaduct yekha, amene ziwembu anali zitsulo mipiringidzo.

Patatha zaka zitatu pomanga mlatho ku New York panali Chifaniziro cha Ufulu. Zinali mphatso yochokera kwa France ku America chizindikiro cha ubwenzi pakati pa anthu. Pamwamba pa fanolo ndi ochuluka monga 324 masitepe pamalo olankhulira - 192.

Lero, ndi kunyada kwa aliyense Watsopano Yorker. Komabe, m'zaka 19 mochedwa, omanga nyumba ali ndi mavuto a zachuma. Chosemedwa cha Ufulu anali ndalama zokwanira. Ndiye mayiko awiri amene ankachitika yaikulu thumba-kulera kampeni. Gulu zoimbaimba ndipo Raffles. Ndipo ngati French mokondwera kulalikira nthawi yomweyo kusonkhanitsa kuchuluka otsala, Achimereka ndi ndalama dotting palibe mofulumira. Nkhani anathandiza odziwika mtolankhani Dzhozefa Pulittsera, amene anatsutsa m'dziko lake. Potsatira buku la alendo US ankakonda kupereka ndalama kumanga.

Natural History Museum

Mzinda ukugwira ntchito imodzi mwa zinthu zochititsa chidwi wotchuka kwambiri mu dziko - zachilengedwe History Museum. Ku New York, wokhala kapena mlendo mzinda akhoza kukauona.

America amanyadira kuti owonera zakale izi anali hafu miliyoni mabuku mabuku pa phunziro la sayansi achilengedwe. More alendo amasirira maholo m'nyumbayi.

Choncho, pansi choyamba inu mukhoza kuwona zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho anthu pamisinkhu yosiyanasiyana chitukuko anthu. Pali wotchuka "Lucy" (Australopithecus mafupa), "Peking Man" ndi ena ambiri.

The chachiwiri pansi madona chikondi atsikana - pali oposa 100 zikwi magazini a miyala yamtengo wapatali. Palinso chipinda meteorites zasungidwa, ndi chochezera ndi unayambira mafupa a zinyamazi ndi nyama zina zinatha wakale.

Zokwera ndi zotsika

Monga mmene taonera, mbiri ya New York ankadziwa akuluakulu ake ndi ulemu. zaka 70 Mu zaka zapitazo, anakumbukira mavuto azachuma ndi chikhalidwe mu 90s mu United States anathamangira yoweyula watsopano mwa anthu osamukira (makamaka Soviet Union), ndipo mzindawo yatoma kukula pontho. Ndiyeno panali Boom wa "dotcom" (ziri akufanana masiku chiyambi akuluakulu), ndipo achinyamata kukumana pamodzi mu malonda.

Ndipo, ndithudi, akukamba mbiri ya mzinda, sitingathe kunena za tsiku zomvetsa chisoni - September 11, 2001, pamene Zigawenga ali ambiri anafa ndipo anawononga awiri nyumba zosanja zitalizitali yaitali ku New York.

Mu nthawi yathu, mzinda kumene otukuka, kumawonjezera chiwerengero cha anthu ake ndi kumanga nyumba yatsopano.