History Yaroslavl Kremlin. Kremlin mu Yaroslavl lero

Umodzi mwa mizinda yotchuka kwambiri ndipo ambiri anapita ku Russia, zomwe ndi mbali ya Golden mphete. Iye ankamvera wokongola. likulu lake mbiri kutchulidwa ndi UNESCO. Pakati pa mzinda pali oposa 140 ya zokopa kwambiri.

History of Yaroslavl

Mu 1010 mumzinda linakhazikitsidwa ndi dongosolo la Yaroslava Mudrogo wotchedwa polemekeza tate wake. Mbiri ya zikamera wa Yaroslavl zikusonyeza kuti dziko lino pa confluence wa Volga mtsinje kuchokera Crake linasankhidwa. Izi kuteteza kwa adani mbali zitatu. Choyamba otchulidwa Mbiri ofotokoza za zipolowe chakudya mu 1071.

Kuyambira nthawi zakale lino mbiri ya Yaroslavl izo kumagwirizana ndi mbiri ya boma Russian. Kuyambira masiku a mzinda wakale Russia muyaya lolembedwa okha mbiri wamphamvu, zachikhalidwe anaunikira ndi wolemera ukulu. Zingamvekere miyoyo ya boma Russian.

Nkofunika kuti pambuyo reunification ndi Moscow (1380) Yaroslavl anataya udindo wake ndi nthawi yaitali (mpaka kufika mpando wachifumu Peter I) unali mzinda wofunika kwambiri pa njira malonda kumpoto. Ndi mzinda wachiwiri kwambiri ikuluikulu ndi wachitatu waukulu mu Russia katundu zolowa. Izo mofulumira anayamba zamanja ndi mafakitale.

M'zaka za m'ma XIX mzinda Russian unali mzinda wokongola kwambiri mu dziko. Pakuti chilengedwe chake zazikulu icho chinali kutchedwa "Russian Florence.

Yaroslavl molimba amakhala mtambowo mafakitale pamaso pa chiyambi cha XX atumwi. mzinda mafakitale 50 opereka ntchito za antchito 15,000.

Yaroslavl wotchuka sukulu - kuchokera Grigoriev chipata ndi kumalizitsa eyiti mayunivesite lalikulu, chomwe chili Yaroslavl lero.

City a Yaroslavl: zokopa

A mbali yofunika kwambiri zipilala mbiri yakale ndiponso zachikhalidwe pakati mbiri. Mokulira pakati ndi kukopa chachikulu, nthawi zonse Kufikika kwa alendo.

pakati Kamangidwe anayamba kupanga nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Catherine Wamkulu. Malowa wakale kupereka lingaliro la momwe kuyang'ana mizinda Russian m'zaka XVIII pambuyo kusintha gradostroitelnoy, amene kunachitidwa ndi Catherine II (1763). Mlembi wa polojekiti linali likulu la Yaroslavl Ivan Starov.

Malire a kuletsedwa wake m'misewu ya Sobin ndi Republican. Choyamba dera limeneli ankatchedwa mzinda zadothi.

Poyambira pomanga mpingo wa Eliya Mneneri anasankhidwa, anamanga pa magombe a Volga mu 1650. Kenako iye linatulutsidwa semicircular m'dera (tsopano Sovetskaya), atazungulira akonzedwa symmetrical ndi nyumba zaboma.

ndi Motero, akatswiri chitukuko kuitana classicism chibadidwe Nyumba za m'ma XVIII. Kuchokera lalikulu madera osiyana mogwirizana "kunyezimira" m'misewu. Aliyense amapita ku manda a nthawi ya kale. Mwachitsanzo, Platsparadnaya m'dera wosakanikirana kwa Mfundo Cathedral, amene wakhalapo kuyambira 1215. Uglich Street adza kwa Vlasov (kapena Znamenskaia) nsanja, imene zinasungidwa ku wakale malinga za m'ma XVII. Probojnaja msewu itha Simeon Stolnik mpingo, lero sikuti waliteteza.

m'misewu Ng'ona ndi likulu la Yaroslavl wokongola nyumba yakale imene agwira serially mu chosokonekera bwino. Iwo kusiyana ndi amasangalatsa ambiri achilendo Kamangidwe ka XVIII ndi XIX zaka.

Mpingo wa Eliya Mneneri

mzinda wa Yaroslavl ali pa m'gawo lake chipilala wapatali Nyumba za m'ma XVII. Monga nthano zakale, mpingo uno, nayikidwa ndi Yaroslav kwambiri Ngwanzeru zakuya. Chochitika ichi chinachitikira pamodzi ndi kuyamba kwa pomanga mzinda.

Monga momwe nkhaniyi ikupitirira, chifukwa cha ntchito yomanga kachisi anali kugonjetsa kalonga kubala kufanana aakulu amene chinachitika mu tsiku la Eliya Mneneri.

kachisi waima pa malo poyamba anali mipingo iwiri akale. Linamangidwa likuvutika amalonda olemera mzinda 1650. Iye anali pa malopo Ilyinsko Tikhon wa Mpingo, umene ulipo pa nthawiyo.

kopanda Cathedral

History of Yaroslavl mu 1215 zinali zodzaza ndi maonekedwe a mwala wa kachisi, amene anamanga Prince Constantine Vsevolodovich. Kopanda Cathedral anamangidwanso kangapo. Pambuyo moto zoyipa 1501 izo lowonongeka.

Pamene anthu a mumzinda chitakonzedwa makhalidwe, anatulukira zotsalira za Prince Basil ndi Constantine (XIII atumwi), omwe anakhala opatulika waukulu wa mpingo kwa zaka zambiri.

Mu 1937 ndi Mfundo Cathedral anali litaphulitsidwa, m'malo ndi paki chikhalidwe. Mu 2004 anaganiza, ndipo anayamba ntchito yaikulu pa ntchito yomanga ndi buku lenileni la Cathedral wa Akukwera pa malo wapachiyambi. Mu 2010, kachisi ankamangidwanso anagwirizira mapemphero woyamba wa mabishopu Kirill.

Museum wa mbiri

Wokongola Russian mzinda wa Yaroslavl, amene chidwi ndi kunyada kwa anthu ake ali kowonera zakale chidwi. Idamangidwa mu 1985. Museum wa History of Yaroslavl ili m'nyumba imene kamodzi a wamalonda Kuznetsov.

kufotokoza The kwake zipinda zisanu ndi chimodzi. Nawa zikalata chidwi ndi zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho zokhudzana ndi mbiri ya mzinda.

nyumba Sobinova

Ndi Museum woimba kwambiri sewero la L. V. Sobinova anatsegula kwa anthu mu May 1995. Iye ndi yekhayo mu Russia ndi odzipereka kwa moyo ndi ntchito ya nthumwi wanzeru wa Russian chikhalidwe nyimbo.

nyumba iyi amagwirizana ndi moyo wa mibadwo itatu ya Sobinova. Iwo anabadwa, iye anakhala mwana ndi achinyamata, woimba m'tsogolo. Chifukwa cha chionetserocho kuika mfundo monographic, zomwe kwathunthu ndi momveka bwino wapereka moyo ndi ntchito ya imba.

sewero

Yaroslavl City monyadira woyamba Russian zisudzo. Volkovsky Theatre chikondwerero chikumbutso ake (zaka 260) mu 2010. Ndiye, pa malo a zisudzo alipo anali zikopa khola.

Ndi apa kuti mwana wamalonda a Fyodor Volkov anayamba kuika zisudzo choyamba. sewero loyamba "Esther" adaperekedwa. Mbiri ya zisudzo akugwirizira zazikulu zambiri. Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma XVIII, bwaloli ankadziwa ku Russia.

Mu 1911, ntchito yomanga nyumba Volkov Theatre inatha. Mlembi wake ndi mutu wa zomangamanga panali wamanga Nikolay Spirin. Lero ndi ochitira masewero bwino Russian ili mu chipinda chino.

Komiti zisudzo

Pa up. Sverdlov, nyumba 9 Yaroslavl Komiti Theatre, amene amagwira ntchito bwinobwino pansi pa utsogoleri wa V. Vorontsov. Masiku ano ndi zisudzo yekha mu Russia, lomwe lili ndi ndodo okhazikika. Zisudzo chuma ndi pa siteji zawo, kuwonjezera, apa ikuchitikira zisudzo zikondwerero zinapanga zisudzo otchuka a dziko.

Za kulengedwa kwa zisudzo kwa nthawi yoyamba ndinaganiza Yuriy Vaksman, amene poyamba ankagwira ntchito Yaroslavl Youth Theatre. Iye adaganiza zolenga zisudzo zake. Zija, iye anatha zaka zingapo ntchito mu ntchito odyera. Kukhala anasonkhanitsa likulu koyamba, mu 1999, iye anazindikira loto lake. Udindo wa woyang'anira wamkulu anaitanidwa Vladimir Gusev, amene apambana ndipo ankachitika ndi kusewera Peter Soweto "Kucheza".

The malangizo ofunika kwambiri a zisudzo ndi kuchita zikondwerero zamasewero ku mbali zosiyanasiyana. Pa ntchito zake zinayi zikuluzikulu zikondwerero zisudzo padziko lonse anali m'magulu.

The zisudzo anatchuka chifukwa cha ntchito zake lachifundo umalimbana kuthandiza World nkhondo II anamenyela, invalids la Afghanistan ndi mabanja awo.

Yaroslavl Kremlin

History Yaroslavl Kremlin inayamba mu 1010 pafupi Rostov Veliky. Yaroslav Mudry analamula kumanga linga kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha mzindawo.

Mwachirengedwe Yaroslavl Kremlin (mapu limasonyeza momveka bwino kuti) lili kudera pamalo abwino ofunika. Iwo ali mawonekedwe triangular.

Boma la Russia ali dzina lina - akanadulidwa mzinda. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti malinga ake anadula mtengo. Mu kupenta, zokhudza 1648, tikuona kuti kulimbitsa mitengo kugwetsa, zikuphatikizapo 2 carriageways la nsanjayo, wogontha 10 ndi 12 pryasel. Kremlin makoma kuteteza nyumba ndi abwanamkubwa, tchalitchi mzindawo ndi kuchipatala bishopu.

Mu 1658 moto anawononga pafupifupi onse nyumba. Ine kuyamba kumanga nyumba mwala wa Yaroslavl Kremlin. Pa mbali ya Kotorosl mwala nsanja, imene inkatchedwa Zeleynoy linamangidwa. Ndi ntchito ngati onga sitolo.

Kumbali ya Volga panali kukopa wina Yaroslavl Kremlin - Podvolzhskaya nsanja. Patapita linadzamangidwanso mu nkhokwe ya, Yehova waliteteza mu chikhalidwe kwambiri mpaka lero.

mipingo isanu zinamangidwa pa dera la Yaroslavl Kremlin:

• Cathedral wa Akukwera (1215) nyumba njerwa ndi mfundo woyera mwala. The tchalitchi unali likulu wauzimu ndi kamangidwe ka mzinda kwa zaka zambiri.
• Ilyinsko Tikhon Church - zaka Soviet nyumbayo okonzeka ndi Museum a. Lenin, ndipo kenako anakonza kuti lokonza zokambirana.
• Mpingo wa St. Nicholas maonekedwe awo akunja amasonyeza mavuto a zachuma a chipembedzowo amene padera ndalama kumangako. Lero nyumba iyi ndi dipatimenti.
• Leontievskaya mpingo - anamangidwira monga bishopu nyumba mpingo. Iwo anali opatulidwira polemekeza Leontiya Rostovskogo.
• Shuya Mpingo wa Lady athu - anamangidwanso mu mwala mu 1690. chisoti iye anavekedwa ndi mitu isanu. Asanabadwe wathu sanasunge.
• Mpingo wa Lady Wathu Tolga. Anali tchalitchi yathu mpaka 1802, patapita anagwetsa.