Hourglass kupitirirabe

Inu mukudziwa momwe, kuyambira m'zaka XV, oyendetsa kuyeza nthawi? Inde, iwo akhoza kutsogoleredwa ndi dzuwa kapena nyenyezi, koma yodalirika, cholondola ndi yofunika chida pa bolodi - hourglass. Sundial tingasonyeze nthawi, koma tsiku bwino ndiponso okha dera lomwe chotengeracho lili ndi mchenga - chipulumutso chenicheni kwa Oyendetsa.

Ngalawa aliyense nthawi zonse anali osachepera atatu a chingwe chida: maola anayi - pamene anakhumudwitsa wotchi, miniti ndi masekondi 30. Ndi awiri otsiriza Calculated liwiro bwato.

Ndi pano anayamba kuyeza nthawi pachikhalidwe "flasks" ndi akuti "adzasula botolo" anali tili m'mavuto. Wotchi imene makamaka anatsatira umboni wa hourglass ndi, ine ndinachewuka hafu ya ola wagawo ndi kumenyana belu sitimayo.

Koma pali hourglass kale kwambiri kuposa zaka za m'ma XV. mfundo zawo opaleshoni ankadziwika kale nthawi yathu ino. Kuyambira nthawi ya Archimedes pali maumboni botolo-maola. Ambiri mwina, kutanthauza mchenga.

Classic wotchi mtundu uwu ndi awiri inakula yopapatiza khosi galasi chotengera, idaluma mu kuima khola matabwa. Malinga ndi nyengo ya muyeso nthawi imodzi ziwiya ladzala ndi kuchuluka kwa mchenga.

M'mayiko Western Ulaya anayamba kulankhula za maola ngati pa chiyambi cha m'ma XIV, pamene France anapeza njira kukonzekera abwino mchenga kwa iwo. Iwo anali finely sieved ufa wa yakuda ya mabo, yophika ndi vinyo ndi bwino zouma padzuwa. Koma babu akanati akudzazeni ndi wolapa eggshells, ndi okusayidi kutsogolera kapena malata.

Maola mchenga anaonekera mu Europe mochedwa, koma kudya mokwanira Adayala ndipo unakhala wotchuka chifukwa kuphweka ake, kudalilika, luso kuyeza nthawi Nthawi iliyonse mtengo. kokha drawback awo - yochepa chikhatho chimodzi. Nthawi zambiri iwo angathe kuyeza ndi nthawi wofanana theka la ola kapena ola. N'zochititsa chidwi zochepa wamba koloko, kuyeza kusiyana maola 3 kapena 4, ndipo kawirikawiri inadza chachikulu, chachikulu kukula kwa wagawo ndi, masamu pa 12 koloko "Kulowera."

Kuitana hourglass muyeso molondola kwambiri za nthawi, monga mungathe mosakayikira. Ndipotu, choyamba molondola zidalira pa khalidwe la mchenga, amene anali opangidwa ndi luso lapadera, kwa mbewu yake yunifolomu kukula ndi flowability. Osati otsiriza udindo ankaimba ndi babu mawonekedwe, kabowo yosalala pakhosi, kusalala kwa mpanda wa mumtima.

Mwa njira, zotsatira zolondola kwambiri anapatsidwa koloko, flasks amene anadzazidwa ndi mchenga kutsogolera ndi yunifolomu zambiri tirigu. Ngakhale pambuyo ntchito yaitali mchenga choterocho si kukanda khoma lamkati la envelopu galasi ndipo sanali kuswa kusalala zawo, zomwe mosakayikira bwanji molondola kayesedwe. ngakhale "Palibe amakhala kwamuyaya" ndipo hourglass ndi nthawi, nayenso, amachokera dongosolo.

Mpaka posachedwapa, ili unit wa muyeso nthawi imene ankagwiritsa zokwanira. Kukonza aafupi kukambirana telefoni icho chinali kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu pofikira matelefoni ntchito ka khoti la pa mlandu, ndipo ngakhale kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga.

Tsopano, pamene koti kugula hourglass, timalakwitsa kuyang'ana mu shopu mphatso. Chifukwa tsopano kawirikawiri ntchito kapena kunyumba, kapena kwa alendo. Mapemphero ngati amenewa angagwiritsidwe ntchito ku khitchini monga powerengetsera, kapena mu ofesi ya mankhwala, kapena pa kukhala mu solarium, anthunzi otulutsirako thukuta kapena kusamba. chipangizo Izi wotchuka kwambiri ndi ana, ndi thandizo lake, ngakhale chotero wotopetsa ukhondo ndondomeko monga kutsuka mano anu, mukhoza kuwasandutsa kusangalala ndi masewera osangalatsa.

Mwa njira, tsopano muli Mabaibulo amagetsi a "nthawi mita" amene angagwiritsidwe ntchito osati monga chinthu zothandiza, monga Service mchenga zachilendo, komanso chinthu choyambirira a m'midzi. Sand chitsanzo aikidwa mu thupi la mtengo wapatali, chokongoletsedwa ndi ziboliboli ndi zokongoletsera chodabwitsa, nthawi zina encrusted ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali. Ndipo ngati tebulo wotchi akhoza kukhala yapadera yowala a m'midzi.