Imidazolylethanamide pentanedioic acid: pharmacological action, ntchito, analogs

Ngati dokotala akupeza "matenda a tizilombo", ndiye kuti mukuyenera kuchilera bwino. Gulu lalikulu la anthu anzathu limakhulupirira kuti maantibayotiki ndiwo mankhwala abwino kwambiri pa matenda onse. Tsoka ilo, lingaliro lolakwika ili likhoza kuvulaza kwambiri kuposa malaise palokha. Maantibayotiki amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha pa matenda a bakiteriya, komanso motsutsana ndi mavairasi omwe alibe mphamvu.

Kodi mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito bwanji?

Pali mankhwala ochuluka kwambiri omwe ali ndi mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zofala kwambiri ndi malowa ndi imidazolylethanamide wa pentanedioic acid.

Ndilimbana ndi matenda a fuluwenza A ndi B, adenoviruses, amathandiza ndi parainfluenza ndi kupuma kwa sycytial matenda.

Zinthu zogwira ntchitozi zili ndi njira yapadera yochitira. Zimathetsa njira yoberekera m'mabirusi omwe ali pa sitepe ya nucleus phase, komanso imachedwetsanso kusamuka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuchokera ku cytoplasmic medium mpaka mu mtima wa selo.

Komanso imidazolylethanamide wa pentanedioic acid amagwira nawo mwakhama dongosolo la chitetezo chaumunthu, kutulutsa zotsatira zowonongeka. Thupi limapangitsa kuti interferon ikhale m'magazi mpaka pamtundu wa thupi. Zimakhalanso ndi zotsatira zowonongeka pa ntchito ya α-, γ-interferon yopangidwa ndi leukocytes, kubweretsa ntchitoyi ku dziko lofanana.

Kafukufuku wa mankhwalawa akuwonetsa kuti imidazolylethanamide wa pentanedioic acid imalimbikitsa mbadwo wa ma lymphocytes of action cytotoxic. Kuonjezera apo, imapangitsa chiwerengero cha NK-T mawotchi omwe ali ndi mphamvu zopha mphamvu zopha maselo osinthidwa ndi mavairasi, komanso amakhudza kwambiri tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Ubwino wa mankhwala ndi mankhwala ake odana ndi kutupa. Amaperekedwanso kupititsa patsogolo makina a cytokines, komanso kuchepa kwa ntchito ya myeloperoxidase.

Kuchiza

Imidazolylethanamide pentanedioic asidi, omwe ndemanga zawo ndi zabwino, zimasonyeza zotsatirazi zothandizira kuchiza matenda oopsa opatsirana ndi tizilombo:

• Amachepetsa nthawi ya febrile.
• Amachepetsa zizindikiro za kumwa mowa (chizungulire, kupweteka, kufooka kwakukulu).
• Amachepetsa chiwerengero cha mawonetseredwe a catarr.
• Kuchepetsa matendawa.
• Amachepetsa nthawi ya matenda.

Kukonzekera ndi imidazolylethanamide pentanedioic acid

Mu pharmacy mungapeze zotsatilazi zomwe zili ndi imidazolylethanamide pentanedioic acid:

• Vitaglutam mwa mawonekedwe a ufa.
• "Ingavirin" ngati mawonekedwe a capsules.
• "Miyala" ya Dicarbamine.

Contraindications

Monga mankhwala aliwonse, imidazolylethanamide wa pentanedioic acid ndi mankhwala omwe ayenera kulamulidwa ndi dokotala yemwe akupezekapo. Chida ichi cha mankhwala chili ndi zotsutsana, kuphatikizapo:

• Mimba ndi lactation.
• Ana osakwana zaka 18.
• Kusamvana kwa wina aliyense pa zigawo zikuluzikulu za mankhwala.

Zotsatirapo za kumwa mankhwala omwe ali ofotokoza mankhwalawa amatha kusonyeza kuti ndizovuta.

Izi zimachitika pansi pa chikhalidwe chakuti munthu ali ndi chidwi cha imidazolylethanamide wa pentanedioic asidi kapena zinthu zothandizira zomwe amapanga mankhwala.

Chitetezo

Anthu ena amapewa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, kukhulupirira kuti imidazolylethanamide wa pentanedioic acid ndi mankhwala. Maganizo amenewa ndi olakwika, chifukwa mankhwalawa amasonyeza ntchito yokhayokha. Mtengo umenewu umamulepheretsa zotsatira zake zonse zomwe zimayambitsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Mankhwalawa alibe ma immunotoxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic kapena allergenic effects, samapweteketsa m'mimba tsamba, samachepetsa ntchito yobereka, alibe mphamvu yamatatogicic kapena embryotoxic.

Ntchito yabwino kwambiri ya mankhwala omwe ali ndi pentandioic acid mu imidazolylethanamide, omwe mafananidwe awo amatengedwa pamlomo, amadziwika. Amayamwa mofulumira m'magawo amagazi ndi kufalitsidwa mofanana mu ziwalo ndi minofu. Pakadutsa theka la ora mutatha kudya, mankhwalawa amatha kufika pamtunda ndipo amawasungira maola 37. Nthawi ya chithandizo ndi masiku asanu. Ndi kumwa mankhwala amodzi, dumphirani muzowonjezera mwazi, zomwe zimachepa pang'onopang'ono masana. Mankhwalawa m'thupi la munthu sagwiritsiridwa ntchito minofu, osakanizidwa osasintha ndi impso ndi m'matumbo.

Zovomerezeka zapadera

Ndikofunika kwambiri kutsatira ndondomeko ya kumwa mankhwalawa. Imidazolylethanamide pentanedioic acid, zizindikiro zake zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ndondomeko imodzimodzi yogwiritsira ntchito, ziyenera kutengedwa pamlomo kamodzi pa tsiku ndi kuchuluka kwa 90 mg kwa masiku asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu ndi awiri, mosasamala kanthu za chakudya.

Chinthu chodziwika bwino cha mankhwalawa ndi njira imeneyi ndikuti njira yabwino kwambiri imathandizira ndi kuvomereza pambuyo poti zizindikiro zoyamba za matendawa zimapezeka m'masiku awiri oyambirira.

Vitaglutam ndi gwero la mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Mbiri ya mankhwala iyi imayambira mu 70s ya zaka zapitazo. Linayambitsidwa ndi katswiri wodziwika bwino wa mapulaneti a Russian Alexander Chuchalin. Izi mankhwala ali, monga waukulu yogwira zitsulo, imidazolylethanamide pentanedioic asidi. "Vitaglutam" mpaka 2008 idagulitsidwa pansi pa dzina la malonda "Dicarbamin". Cholinga chake chinali kulimbikitsa odwala omwe adalandira chithandizo cha mankhwala opatsirana khansa.

Mu 2009, anthu adakumana ndi matenda oopsa a chiwindi - matenda a nkhumba, kapena A / H1N1. Panthawiyi, chitukuko cha "Vitaglutama" chinakhala chofunikira kwambiri. Alexander Chuchalin, yemwe panthawiyo anali wotsogolera wamkulu wa Russian Federation, adaganiza kuti ayese kachilombo ka HIV pogwiritsa ntchito kachilombo ka nkhumba ndikupeza zotsatira zabwino. Iye ananena kuti kukonza zoweta, pogwiritsa ntchito imidazolylethanamide wa pentanedioic acid, Vitaglutam, ndi kotheka kwambiri poyambitsa matenda oopsa kuposa Tamiflu mankhwala a American mankhwala. Amalumikiza mwachangu mu majeremusi a mavairasi ndikuwononga.

Moyo watsopano wa mankhwala "Vitaglutam": "Ingavirin"

Chuchalin adalonjeza Gennady Onishchenko, yemwe ndi mkulu wodzitetezera wa Russian Federation, kuti agwiritse ntchito chipangizo chake monga chithandizo chothandiza pochiza nkhumba. Chotsatira chake, mayesero a chipatala a mankhwalawa anachitidwa, pomwe adatsimikizira kuti ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV. Mankhwalawa amatchedwanso "Ingavirin" ndipo amalembedwa m'ndandanda wa gulu la tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Pambuyo pa mankhwalawa a kampani ya "Valenta" yomwe idagulitsidwa, adalangizidwa ndi Ministry of Health ngati njira yothetsera matenda a nkhumba ndipo anayamba kumenyana ndi mbiri ya anthu ambiri. Choncho, tinganene za "Dicarbamin" - imidazolylethanamide ya pentanedioic asidi - "Vitaglutam", kuti ichi ndi mankhwala omwewo.

Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti "Ingavirin" idagulitsidwa mu 2008 popanda zochitika zonse zachipatala. Pothandizidwa ndi Onishchenko, mu 2009, anafulumizitsa mayesero ochipatala pa mbewa za laboratory. Odwala pafupifupi 100 anatenga nawo mbali. Malingana ndi zotsatira za phunzirolo, gulu la asayansi lotsogolera ndi Chuchalin linatsimikizira kuti "Ingavirin" pa maola 48 oyambirira kuchokera pamene chiyambi cha matendawa chinawonetsa bwino kwambiri poyerekeza ndi causative wothandizira matendawa. Zotsatira zake zinawonetseredwa pochepetsa kuchepetsa nyengo, kuchepetsa kuledzera kwa odwala ndi nyama za labotale komanso kuchepetsa kuwonetseredwa kwa catarrhal.

Choncho, palibe chifukwa choganizira za imidazolelethanamide ya pentanedioic acid, kuti ndi dummy - zotsatira zake zatsimikiziridwa.

Dicarbamin lero

Pakalipano, zonse zitatu zomwe zikukonzekera zochokera ku imidazolylethanamide pentandioic acid zimagulitsidwa ndipo zimakhala ngati zifaniziro za wina ndi mzake.

"Dicarbamine" ikulimbikitsidwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito ndi odwala omwe amapanga zolakwika. Kuphatikizira kuzipangizo zazikuluzikulu, zili ndi shuga mkaka, talc, mbatata wowuma, magnesium stearate, colloidal silika ndi stearic acid.

"Dicarbamine" ili ndi zotsatira zotsatirazi zothandizira:

• Kufulumira kwa kusiyana kwa neutrophils ndi kukhwima kwawo.
• Matenda oteteza mthupi mu myelosuppressive chemotherapy.
• Kuchepetsa chiŵerengero ndi kuuma kwa neutropenia poizoni, kuchepetsa leukopenia.

Mankhwalawa akulimbikitsidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito pakati pa mankhwala a chemotherapy.

Mphamvu yake imawonetsedwa pambuyo pa masiku 21-28 a kudya mapiritsi tsiku ndi tsiku.

Mlingo umodzi wa mankhwala - 100 mg (piritsi 1) - watengedwa masiku asanu asanayambe mankhwala a chemotherapy ndipo amapitirizabe kuchipatala. "Dicarbamin" ili ndi mphamvu zolimbitsa ndi kupititsa patsogolo mankhwala a antitumor cytotoxic, kuchepetsa zotsatira zoopsa za cyclophosphamide ndi kukonzekera pogwiritsa ntchito platinum, komanso kuonetsetsa kuti njira ya hematopoiesis ikuyendera bwino.