Ireland, Dublin. Flag of Ireland - chithunzi. Dublin - Zosangalatsa

Ku Ulaya Northern, pali kukongola chodabwitsa cha dziko ake - Ireland. Dublin - likulu la Republic. Mzindawu unali pa confluence malo. Lofii ku Dublin Bay, limene lili mu Nyanja Irish. Malo ndiyofanana ndi wamtunda wokwana milingo zana limodzi ndi khumi ndi asanu mbali zonse zinayi. Dublin ndi doko lalikulu la dziko, kuwonjezera, iye akutumikira monga likulu la ndale, chuma ndi chikhalidwe moyo wa State.

Chiyambi cha dzina la

Akukhulupirira kuti mawu akuti "Dublin," anaonekera chifukwa cha pophatikizana mawu awiri Irish - ". Wakuda" "dubh" ndi "linn" omwe anamasuliridwa kuti "dziwe" ndipo Komabe, ena ochita kafukufuku adamfunsa Baibulo ili, kusonyeza kuti dzina likulu unakhazikitsidwa ku Scandinavia mawu kuphatikiza «djup lind» -. «Kwambiri mtsinje" Komabe, olemba mbiri kwambiri ndi akatswiri a zinenero, njira woyamba Zikuoneka zambiri ndithu.

Kodi masiku ano Irish kuitana mzinda wawo m'chinenero chawo? Baile Átha Cliath. Kumasulira, amatanthauza "Pamudzi ku Ford lapansi." mutuwu yaitali nthawi zambiri m'malo mwa chidule inu. Mu mzinda wamakono ndi wosanganiza Anglo-Irish Baibulo dzina la pa ndime ndi Irish mbadwa.

nkhani za m'mbiri

Ancient ngati dziko lino - Ireland? Dublin Mwachitsanzo, mu 140 BC anali kale zonse kunachitika Acelt Pamudzi ndi obisika a. Iye anadzakhala achitetezo a maufumu Scandinavia pa chilumba. Mu 902, ndi Scandinavia anachotsedwa Dublin, pamodzi ndi anthu zamakolo, koma osaweruzika Scandinavians anabwerera ku dziko lokhalamo anthu 917 Mu 1014 nkhondo ya Clontarf, imene Aselote kutsogoleredwa ndi mfumu yawo Brian Boru anagonjetsa Viking asilikali. Anagonjetsa chipani Pamilunguyo ndondomeko mtendere wa mapangano ndi mapangano, walola Scandinavia analamulira mayiko awo kwa zaka zitatu zotsatira.

Ages Middle

Mu 1169 izo litalanda asilikali a Henry II Plantagenet Ireland. Dublin chifukwa cha kupambana kwa Aisiraeli anakhala malo achitetezo a boma la Britain. Chifukwa cha kuzindikira kuti Papa, Henry II analengeza Ambuye wa Ireland ndi zatchulidwazi achifumu m'tawuni. Izi zinachitika mu 1171. Ndiye, Anglo-Norman agonjetsi anayamba mwachangu kuyamwa chikhalidwe chawo, kuphunzira chinenero ndi miyambo Irish. Kuyambira pamenepo, ndipo anayamba pafupi, ngakhale kuti nthawi zonse ubwenzi losavuta pakati pa Irish ndi English.

kulamulira

Tudor kufuna kuonetsetsa kuti ankamvera onse Ireland. Dublin wa m'tawuni waukulu wa chisumbucho anali a chidwi.

Mu 1592, chifukwa cha khama la Mfumukazi Elizabeth Woyamba, ku likulu la koleji "Utatu" anakhazikitsidwa. Iye anali sukulu Protestant chifukwa Irish otchuka. Dublin olemera mabanja anakana kuphunzitsa ana awo kumeneko. M'malo mwake, anthu otchuka m'dera wotetezedwa mbewu anapita ku sukulu za Akatolika pa dziko lapansi.

Kenako, akuluakulu a British apanga zinthu zingapo zimene zasintha kuti asanene ambiri Catholic zofuna zake. Pachifukwa ichi, otchedwa watsopano British anapanga msana boma la dzikolo. Zimenezi unkachitika mpaka m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi.

Mu 1640s, ndi zikwi Achiprotestanti anathawira ku Dublin. likulu anali pafupi kupanduka. Chipwirikiti kukanidwa, koma Akatolika akhalabe mwa ochepa.

mbali Physiographic

Modern Dublin lagawidwa pawiri pafupifupi wofanana - kumpoto ndi kum'mwera - mtsinje Liffey. Wasefukira kuchokera kumadzulo kupita kum'mawa ndi amalowa m'Nyanja Irish. The mtsinje kwa nthawi yaitali anazindikira monga chokhumudwitsa chifukwa cha waterlogging aakulu pa gawo kumadzulo ndi pakamwa. Kwa zaka zingapo, vutoli anali kuthetsedwa chifukwa cha kudzazidwa kwa madambo ndi lolimbikitsa kwambiri embankments lapansi. Panopa, pali chizolowezi kukweza mlingo wa madzi a Liffey.

deta nyengo

Ndi nyengo yabwino kwa Dublin? Capital amakhala ndi kusintha kwakung'ono kutentha, kotentha ndipo nyengo yotenthayi ozizira. Otchulidwa mu June ndi July. Mvula mu Dublin za ziwiri nthawi poyerekeza Western Ireland, ndipo ndi chimodzimodzi mu London. Nthawi zambiri mvula mu August ndi December. youma kwambiri nyengo, kawirikawiri mu April. Mvula pachaka ndi pa caka ca 762 mm. Izi ndi zosakwana Mwachitsanzo, ku New York, Sydney kapena Dallas.

Geographic map Dublin limakupatsani kuona kuti mzinda ndi derali lili mkulu. Pachifukwa ichi, ku likulu m'chilimwe akhoza kukhala kuwala kwa maola khumi ndi zisanu ndi zinayi tsiku, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira - basi isanakwane naini.

Mzindawu uli mmodzi wa otetezeka mu mawu masoka achilengedwe. Iye sanachite mantha ndi kusefukira kwa madzi, zivomezi, mikuntho ndi Anthufe tikuvutika. Mu Dublin zina zimaphulika amphamvu ndi gusty mphepo, koma Ireland amadwala iwo zambiri mizinda ina.

Akatswiri apeza yaing'ono kutentha kusiyana pakati pa malo ndi mzinda wa likulu. Choncho, mu mtima wa mzindawo madigiri awiri kapena atatu otentha. Kunkafika pachimake mu December, January ndi February. Mu nthawi kuchokera November kuti April chisanu akhoza kugwa, koma zambiri chimasungunula mwa masiku anayi kapena asanu. Mabingu ndi zina zambiri m'chilimwe.

dongosolo mphamvu

Mzindawu uli pansi pa ulamuliro wa Dublin Council City. Thupi womuimira. Chisankho cha ziwalo umachitika pakapita zaka zisanu zilizonse. M'malo mwa Council angayenerere oimira onse anthu ndi zipani. Ndi chiwalo waukulu wa akuluakulu oyang'anira tauni onse Ireland. Bungwe chikuchita ndi kusinthidwa kwa ngongole, asaaonerera bajeti oyang'anira tauni. Komanso, cholinga malo ake - khalidwe misewu, madzi ndi zaumoyo. A mwininkhani za thupi - woyang'anira mzinda. ofesi chapakati ili mu nyumba pa embankment kum'mwera. Liffey pafupi ndi likulu la likulu.

Economy, zomangamanga

Zakachikwi zatsopano kunabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwambiri mu umoyo wa anthu la Republic of Ireland. Dublin (chithunzi cha mzinda uwu wokongola amene timapemphera m'nkhani) pankhaniyi nazonso. Tsopano iye akutenga malo chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chimodzi mu kusanja mizinda mtengo kwambiri mu dziko. Pa malipiro yemweyo nthawi Ena mwa apamwamba.

Nthambi waukulu mumzinda kwa zaka zambiri ndi akamayamba. A odziwika bwino foamy chakumwa Guinness umafululidwa ku Dublin kuyambira 1759. Panopa likulu umagwira mayanjano ambiri mafakitale okhazikika kupanga mankhwala mankhwala. Komanso makampani chinkhoswe mu luso mudziwe akutsogolera kwambiri, ndi maudindo awo mu Dublin ndi m'midzi yozungulira. Mwa zimphona izi Google, Microsoft, PayPal, Amazon, ndi Yahoo. Company Hewlett Packard ndi Intel eni mafakitale zikuluzikulu Kidler County, yomwe ili makilomita khumi kumadzulo kwa likulu.

Posachedwapa mu chuma Dublin zina kumalimbitsa malo a kubanki. Choncho, mzinda bwinobwino ntchito Commerzbank ndi Citibank nthambi.

Pa Boom zachuma itakula zomangamanga, ndi lero malowa imatengedwa ndiwo ntchito. Komabe, mu 2007 Dubliners akukumana ndi vuto la ulova chifukwa chakuti pempholo wakhala patsogolo akufunika pa msika ntchito. Today mwachangu kufufuza seedy m'madera mafakitale mzinda, pali ambiri a nyumba ya malangizo osiyana. Pakati pa mapulani posachedwapa - pomanga yapansi panthaka.

Mu mzinda pali mabungwe zinayi za maphunziro apamwamba. Yotchuka kwambiri iwo - yunivesite ya Dublin, komanso ndi wamkulu.

Dera la chikhalidwe

Dublin - malo a anthu ambiri aluso. Dziko lonse amadziwa za anthu wotchuka anabadwa mu mzinda uno. Ena mwa iwo ndi Semyuel Bekket, George. George Bernard Shaw ndi Uilyam Batler Yeyts, Dzhonatan Svift ndi Oskar Uayld ndi Bram Stoker. Komabe, wotchuka kwambiri Dublin chifukwa cha luso la James Joyce. Iye ni mmodzi wa omwe adayambitsa chimakono mabuku. Chithunzi cha wolemba Tingaone ngakhale pa ndalama makumi asanu. ntchito Joyce ali ndi mfundo ndimasewera m'miyoyo ya m'nthawi yake amene ankakhala Dublin.

Mu likulu, anatsegula National Museum wa heraldry. Idamangidwa pa zaka zana zapitazo - mu 1908, ndipo mmodzi wa zakale wamkulu mu dziko la nkhani zofanana. No zochepa chidwi ndi kukaona Irish Museum of Modern Art.

Dublin. zowoneka za mzinda

Cathedral St. Patrick ndi waukulu wa nyumba ngati mu Ireland. Pa nthawi ina anali abbot wotchuka Dzhon Svift, amene anakhala zikomo wotchuka ntchito yake amatchedwa "Gulliver a Maulendo."

Dublin Castle tsopano ndi malo dislocation a boma chilumba. Iwo anamangidwira mkulu wa Mfumu Ioanna Bezzemelnogo pofuna kuteteza ku matenda a Normandy. Nyumbayi ndi lotseguka kwa alendo, ngati si misonkhano zofunika boma.

"Spire wa Dublin" ndi mapulani lalikulu la mzinda. chipilala zimenezi limaonekera kuchokera pafupifupi onse mfundo likulu. Kapangidwe ka "singano" ndi losavuta: pa mamita 121 mpaka ukwera pang'onopang'ono tapering zitsulo spire.

Dublin Gawo Botanical Garden N'zochititsa chidwi: maekala twente-faifi ali zoposa zikwi makumi awiri lonse zosiyanasiyana zomera ku padziko lapansili. Malo awa mwaulemu amatchedwa mtima wobiriwira mzinda wa Dublin.

Zowoneka mwa likulu sikuthetsa kumeneko. A malo ankakonda kwa amayenda Dubliners nthawizonse kutchedwa munda wa Chikumbutso. Pali chikumbutso pokumbukira amene anapereka miyoyo yawo chifukwa umoyo ndi ufulu wa chisumbucho. Ngakhale chifukwa analakwitsa wa, malo awa ali odzaza moyo otsimikiza ulemerero achilengedwe.

The Zoo m'dera mukhoza amasirira monga nyama wamba wamba ndi owayimilira chosowa cha zinyama. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti ndodo ya bungwe ili ndi zonse akutanthauza kuthandiza kayeseleledwe a malo ambiri achilengedwe a Zipatalazo awo.

njira za kayendedwe

Metropolitan maukonde zoyendera ukufanizidwa ndi sitima mkulu-liwiro magetsi ndi mabasi. Mtengo wa tikiti zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi nthawi ya ulendo ndipo ali mu uthunthu mayuro 1.65-4.3. Akugulitsa matikitiwo kuti chomveka mu sitima ndi mabasi. Monga ulamuliro, ntchito zoyendera m'tawuni akuyamba pa zisanu ndi chimodzi m'mawa ndipo itha pa hafu pasiti leveni usiku. Pa maholide, nthawi imeneyi akhoza anawonjezera utsogoleli m'deralo.

kugwirizana

Dongosolo kulankhulana kwa mzinda likukwaniritsa mfundo kuyeza kwambiri ndi muyezo. Zosiyanasiyana makina telefoni matauni, pamodzi ndi ndalama mungathe kupereka khadi banki. Komabe, imafuna makadi telefoni yapadera ndalama mtengo kwambiri kugula iwo m'masitolo akuluakulu, mu newsagents onse siteshoni petulo.

aya Mobile kudutsa chilumba umagwira ntchito pa GSM muyezo. Ndi utumiki uwu woyendayenda zilipo ambiri ochokera kwina. Njira - kugula Irish SIM-khadi. Wotchuka kwambiri m'dera ntchito - O2 ndi Vodafone.

Kuchoka kwa World Lonse Web akhoza kukhala mu dipatimenti iliyonse yaikulu ya kulankhulana kapena internet cafe.

chizindikiro boma

Ireland Flag (zithunzi Tingaone pansipa) ndi gulu ongokhala m'magulu atatu. Iwo utoto mitundu zotsatirazi: woyera - pakati, zobiriwira - mkondo m'mphepete, lalanje - kukhala mfulu. Pankhaniyi, mtundu woyamba ukuimira asapita mtendere pakati pa zipembedzo, wachiwiri - Akatolika, wachitatu - Achiprotestanti. Kwa nthawi yoyamba mbendera anali monga cizindikilo ca dziko mu 1916. Ndiye izo anaukitsidwa pa ofesi likulu positi pa mwambo wa Isitala.

Dublin nthawi

Chaka chilichonse dziko limapanga masana-kupulumutsa nthawi. Muvi pamene kusuntha ola patsogolo. Motero, pali kupatuka pa GMT kwa mphindi makumi asanu. Mu 2014, kusintha zinachitika pa March 30 ndi 26 October Dubliners adzakhala kumasulira mivi ya wotchi ola limodzi.

Pomaliza

Pamwamba ali anafotokoza likulu la dziko lokondeka European ngati Ireland. Island mapu, mbendera ndi zikhomo anasonyeza pamwamba zithunzi. Tikukhulupirira kuti ulendo pafupifupi wakuthandizani kupanga lingaliro za mzinda uwu.