Italy wa zojambulajambula Masaccio: chithunzi ndi yonena za Mlengi

Italy nthawizonse zakhala imodzi yowala ndipo kwambiri oimira malo osiyanasiyana luso - kuchokera penti ndi zomangamanga. Quattrocento - kwambiri odziwika nthawi mu mbiriyakale ya chikhalidwe Italy. Chitaliyana Masaccio ndi nthumwi za nthawi ndi kuliganizira zifukwa zambiri.

zaka zoyambirira

Florence wojambula ndi dzina la Tommaso di Dzhovanni Di Simone Kassai anatchuka kwambiri pansi pa dzina la Masaccio. Tsogolo zojambulajambula kwambiri anabadwa m'tauni yaing'ono ya San Giovanni Valdarno, pafupi Florence kuti, twente-choyamba December 1401. ubwana wake sanasangalale kwambiri - ndi zaka zisanu zokha pamene bambo wake anamwalira. Mutu wa banja ndinali ndi zaka 27 zokha. Mwini wa hotelo wamng'ono, mayi Masaccio a, anakwatiwanso - anasankha mkazi mmodzi watsopano anali pharmacist m'deralo. Pamene Tommaso anali sikisitini, anafa ndi bambo ake. Choncho iye anakhala breadwinner chachikulu. M'nthawi ananena kuti Tommaso n'zodabwitsa woleza mtima ndi wachifundo chilengedwe, koma nawonso ayi khutu ku chitonthozo ndi zovala, chifukwa iye ankatchedwa zovuta - izo ndi alias Masaccio ndi Chitaliyana.

kuyamba kuphunzira

Pa seventini, iye anapita kukaphunzira kupenta ku Florence. Pali maganizo osiyanasiyana pankhani amene anakhala wakeyo. Ena a mbiri yakale amakhulupirira kuti anaphunzitsidwa ndi Mariotto di Cristofano ndi Masolino da Panicale, koma ganizo limeneli sagwirizana ndi mbiri ndi luso Tommaso - ntchito zake si kufufuza khalidwe. Nthawi zambiri amakhala kuti anakhala wophunzira wa Bicci di Lorenzo, ndipo ambiri ankachita ndi Donatello ndi Brunelleschi, olamulira wamkulu wa chosema ndi mamangidwe a nthawi imeneyo.

The heyday ntchito ndi imfa

Mu 1424 ndi kupenta wa Masaccio zinatchuka weniweni. chithunzicho membala wa munalidi gulu la Luka Woyera, bungwe akulumikiza Florence ambuye, ndi kuyamba kugwirizana ndi Masolino. iwowa anali bwino kudziwika - m'nthawi yake ankakonda njira ndi kalembedwe lolemera zomangamanga Gothic mochititsa kaso fabulousness achipembedzo zinandithandiza kwambiri kwa theka zoyambirira za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu, kotero wogwira naye ntchito anali chikoti cha mwayi kwa Masaccio. wamng'ono kuphunzira kupenta mukopedwe ntchito wotchuka mbuye Masolino - vuto lapadera pamene wophunzira kusintha njira aphunzitsi ntchito. Mwatsoka, Florence luso sanali zoyembekezeka kukhala nthawi yaitali - ngati bambo ake, Tommaso anafa zaka 27. Chifukwa cha imfa osadziwika - Vasari nkhambakamwa mbiri za poyizoni zotheka pambuyo pake akutsutsa, ndi zikalata zina za chochitika sikuti waliteteza. Koma tikudziwa kuti izo zinachitika mu Rome ndi kuti ojambula anzathu kuti anali onongani imfa - lolingana chizindikiro angapezeke mu mbiri Brunelleschi.

Ntchito mogwirizana ndi Masolino

Pa awaphunzitse ndi Florence zambiri lopambana anaonekera kwambiri zojambula wotchuka wa Masaccio. Mwachitsanzo, kupenta "Madonna ndi Mwana Saint Anne", limene liri yomangika mtsutso - akatswiri kovuta kukhazikitsa amene mmene wamkulu ndi mlembi. kupenta lisanalengedwe padziko 1424 pa mpingo wa Sant Ambrogio. Malinga ndi Roberto Longhi luso mbiri, Masolino analenga mbali yaikulu pa chithunzipo. Masaccio utoto Madonna ndi Mwana mngelo bwino kuchirikiza nsalu, ndipo Mavesi kuti penti ndi mphunzitsi wake, amene analamula ndipo chinsalu. Chinthu choyambirira ntchito watsopano zikuchokera. Anapeza Masaccio inachokera ku kuya zosaneneka za malo ndi malo kodabwitsa kwa matupi.

Ntchito wojambula mu njira Zojambula pakhoma

Kwambiri akulemekezedwa ku Florence mphatso za luso la Masaccio, amene zojambula akhala yojambula pa luso Nthawi imeneyo, anapanga Zojambula pakhoma kalembedwe. Iwo anakhala maziko a cholowa chake. Best picture Masaccio lotchedwa "The Ubatizo wa otembenuka" ndi "ndalama yamsonkho" anapangidwa kwa yopemphereramo wa Santa Maria del Carmine. Analamula wotchuka Florence Felice Brancacci. Boma la frescoes ndi lafika poipa pa moto mu 1771, koma mu 1988 anabwezeretsamo, ndipo tsopano iwo Tingaone mu maonekedwe ake apachiyambi.

anatchulidwa mwapadera ayenera chithunzi cha Masaccio a "anamuponya kunja kwa Paradaiso". Choyamba anasonyezedwa thupi ndi zolondola zokhudza anatomical. Poyamba anthu ankafotokozedwa ndi mapazi osati kukhudza pansi. Ndithu mosiyana akuonetsedwa Adamu na Eva Masaccio. Penti "ndalama yamsonkho" ndi "Madonna, tickling mwana" amagwiritsidwanso ndithu mosapita akamachita anthu, zikuchokera lawo ladzaza ndi mphamvu nayang'ana wotsimikizika kwambiri. Komanso, mu zojambulajambula woyamba ndinanyemanyema wina ovomerezeka - sindimapita ku zochitika zimene zikuchitika, akutiakuti, ngakhale amakhala bwino. Amazing tanthauzo zokhudzana ndi luso kulenga atatu azithunzi omwe tikunena airspace chomaliza koma osati chosafunikira anali chifukwa kuti Masaccio zojambula ndi amalemekezedwa anthu ndipo tsopano chimodzi cha ndiAmene yaikulu ya Quattrocento.