Kalembedwe Basic pa matayala. Zoti matayala onse nyengo-. Chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti ndi mayina a matayala

Posankha ndi kugula matayala galimoto ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti amaimira izi lodabwitsa koyamba makalata onse ndi manambala pa mbali ya matayala. Popanda kudziwa zenizeni ndi zinthu mwanzeru, popanda thandizo la akatswiri sangathe. Ndi mu zizindikiro izi zinaika magawo zofunika umene zoona, osankhidwa mphira.

Chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti ndi mayina a matayala sikutanthauza zoonjezera wamba wogula chidziwitso. Kusankha matayala Chabwino, inu monga mukudziwa zomwe kukula iwo ayenera, nanga ndi pamene iwo ntchito.

Kuyamba

Buku zikugwira ntchito galimoto nthawi sizinatchulidwe ena ayamikira kusankha olondola a matayala. Izi amaganizira mtundu wa zingerengere (zitsulo kapena aloyi), nyengo (chilimwe, yozizira), komanso mulingo fakitale. Sikuti aliyense dalaivala kutsatira malangizo awa, chifukwa cha zimene matayala galimoto angathe kuikidwa imene magawo ake si akwaniritsa zofunikira za Mlengi.

Chotero kodi yabwino kuyamba ndi kuphunzira amafuna muyezo matayala yeniyeni makina mtundu. Ngati ndinu okhutitsidwa ndi mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa mphira, amene yakwera galimoto, muyenera chabe kulilembanso notations onse.

Magawo chachikulu: Turo lakuti, chodetsa

lettering onse pa matayala sidewall anaika mbali zonse. mayina zofunikira zili zambiri pa matayala:

• Mlengi;
• mulingo;
• index liwiro;
• katundu index;
• nyengo;
• tsiku kupanga.

Kuwonjezera awa, pangakhale mayina zina pa matayala yomwe mudziwe on:

• tayala kukonzedwa
• kutayipa matayala;
• zakuthupi yomanga sidewall ya;
• pazipita kololeka kuthamanga;
• rotational malangizo;
• kutenthetsa kukana;
• khalidwe ndi muyezo ena.

Data wopanga

Kulemba matayala munali dzina la Mlengi, chagwiritsidwa kwa sidewall kulisindikiza lalikulu. Osati zindikirani si zotheka.

Producer - ndi chinthu choyamba ndi kusankha. Chotero zopangidwa otchuka, monga "Nokia", "Michelin", "Dunlop analandira", "Yokohama", "Pirelli", "Ngelezi", "Bridgestone" sakusowekera oyamba. Makungwa a magulu awa ndi odziwika padziko lonse kwa khalidwe lawo ndiponso kudalirika. Koma pali opanga ena dzina anthu ochepa mukudziwa. Apa mu nkhani iyi, muyenera katswiri malangizo kapena kufunafuna ndemanga cholinga.

Kukula matayala

Izi ndi muyezo lofunika kusankha mphira. Pamafunikanso magawo anayi:

• m'lifupi;
• kutalika mbiri;
• mtundu wa zomangamanga;
• kubzala (mumtima) awiri.

Turo kukula lakuti zikuwoneka pafupifupi motere: 185 / 65R15, komwe 185 - m'lifupi padziko kugwira ntchito kwa tayala (mu mm) 65 - gawo la m'lifupi mbiri kutalika (185: 100 × 65% = 120,25 mm), R - mtundu kapangidwe (poyambira) 15 - ndi awiri mkati (mu mainchesi).

Ena ziziyenda nthawi zambiri anasokoneza amalembedwa «R» ndi utali wozungulira mphira. Ndipotu, izi si zoti kukula tayala ndi mtundu wa zomangamanga, malingana ndi malo zingwe. Iwo akhoza anakonza monga zozungulira (R), ndipo opendekera (D). Matayala ndi chingwe opendekera ndi zochepa masiku ano, monga zozungulira, pokhala zambiri zothandiza, iwo pafupifupi amakakamizidwa kunja.

liwiro mlingo

Khalidwe limeneli limasonyeza lololedwa liwiro la makina, imene mphira kungakupatseni kupirira ntchito zawo. Ngakhale kuti alimi pafupifupi nthawi zonse Musaone njirayi kuti overclock makina wanu wawauza isanafike liwiro anapatsidwa. Komanso tisaiwale kuti makampani akunja popanga matayala, ndiribe lingaliro za mmene misewu yathu, kotero Mulimonsemo, musayese onani zolozera izi liwiro. Pa tayala pazipita mathamangitsidwe lakuti amalembedwa kalata imodzi ya zilembo Latin, kusonyeza malire liwiro. matayala athu ambiri chinali ndi zilembo izi:

• «L» - 120 Km / h;
• «M» - 130 Km / h;
• «N» - 140 kuchokera / h;
• «P» - 150 K / h;
• «Q» - 160 Km / h;
• «R» - 170 Km / h;
• «S» - 180 Km / h;
• «T» - 190 Km / h;
• «H» - 210 Km / h;
• «V» - 240 Km / h;
• «W» - 270 kukafika / h;
• «Y» - 300 Km / h.

Pakuti masewera magalimoto ndi magalimoto nawo mpikisano zosiyanasiyana, pali mapangidwe apadera a matayala. Liwiro index «ZR» Mwachitsanzo, zikusonyeza kuti matayala akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu modes yovuta liwiro, i.e., kuchokera 240 Km / h.

kulemera katundu index

index umenewu umatanthauza katundu pazipita pa tayala mu makilogalamu. Komabe, kusankha tayala abwino ndi kugawa kulemera kwa galimoto 4 sabwerera. Ziyenera adzanyamula kukumbukira kuti kulemera kwa makina ndi anagawira wogawana pakati axles, kotero index chifukwa adzakhala kwambiri anakokomeza. Choyamba tiyenera kutenga kulemera kwa galimoto 20% wa mtengo wake (galimoto kuchokera msewu - 30%), kenako akufufuta 4.

Kulemba pa matayala wa index katundu akupanga manambala awiri kapena atatu kuti afanane kulemera. Pakuti tanthauzo la i kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya magalimoto pali matebulo wapadera, ife kuganizira zofunika pafupifupi kanjedza magalimoto zonyamula:

• 70 - 335 makilogalamu;
• 75 - 387 makilogalamu;
• 80 - 450 makilogalamu;
• 85 - 515 makilogalamu;
• 90 - 600 makilogalamu;
• 95 - 690 makilogalamu;
• 100 - 800 makilogalamu;
• 105 - 925 makilogalamu;
• 110 - 1030 kg.

Iwo ayenera kukumbukira kuti wamkulu katundu index, ndi thicker ndi coarser tayala nyama, zomwe kwambiri kumachepetsa cushioning ake apamwamba.

Dzinja ndi chirimwe matayala

Nyengo muyezo wa matayala onse anawagawa mitundu itatu:

• chilimwe;
• yozizira;
• nyengo.

matayala Chilimwe zambiri alibe olemba wapadera. Zowoneka kuwasiyanitsa ndi zina grooves kotenga angathe kutikonza kupatulako madzi. Komanso, iwo mosatsata microdesign. Chilimwe matayala okhwima kumupatsa akadakwanitsira avale kukana ndi samatha pazipita pa kutentha pamwamba ziro.

Zoti matayala yozizira akhoza muli kapena mawu «Zima», kapena chizindikiro mu mawonekedwe a zidutswa za chipale chofeŵa. Iwo lililonse limatisokoneza kwambiri kuposa m'chilimwe ndi ndi kutchulidwa mkulu mtetezi ndi microdesigns. Zoti matayala yozizira snowflake zimatsimikizira ntchito zawo otetezeka zinthu frosts kwambiri.

Nthawi zambiri ziziyenda kuona kuti matayala amalembedwa makalata «MS» kapena «M + S», molakwa iwo nyengo yozizira. Koma si lakuti matayala yozizira. Izi chodetsa kusonyeza ntchito mphira mu zikhalidwe wapadera.

Mawu akuti "ndi MS" pa matayala - izo «Thope ndi Matalala», amene anamasuliridwa kuti English monga "matope ndi matalala". Iwo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito matayala onse, kaya nyengo. M'mawu ena, akuti «MS» pa matayala - ndi chizindikiro kuti limasonyeza kuti tayala lakonzedwa kuti kuchokera msewu kapena pena paliponse, yokutidwa ndi matope yonyowa kapena chisanu phala. matayala awa amatchedwanso Onyamula Zazitali Ayi, koma ntchito kwakukulukulu kaya magalimoto masewera, kapena SUV.

Onse-nyengo matayala: lakuti, chodetsa

Pali chilengedwe tayala amene angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa nthawi iliyonse pachaka. matayala lakuti nyengo zimadalira zikhalidwe opaleshoni ndipo akhoza kukhala achidule zotsatirazi:

• «AS» (Onse Nyengo, Nyengo iliyonse) - onse nyengo;
• «R + W» (Road + Zima) - vsesezonka kwa madera ozizira;
• «AW» (chilichonse Weather) - vsesezonka nyengo iliyonse.

Komanso, zonse nyengo matayala lakuti Nthawi zambiri mawu akuti «Aqua», «Water», «Aquacontact», «Mvula» kapena kujambula ambulera. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mphira amatha kukhetsa madzi mwaluso kuchokera ndege kulankhulana ndi pamwamba msewu, amene kwambiri amachepetsa imabwera kuimitsa. matayala awa otchedwa mvula.

Koma musaiwale kuti zonse nyengo matayala - lingaliro ndithu ochiritsira, ndipo ntchito mu kwambiri zinthu mpofunikila.

tsiku kupanga

Pa tsiku kupanga m'pofunika kulabadira osati pamene inu kugula matayala kuti ankagwiritsa ntchito, komanso kupeza wina watsopano. Chinthu ndi oipa ogulitsa amagula pa mtengo otsika a labala, limene kwa zaka anali kunama sinadzatengedwe ndi achibale yosungirako.

Turo opanga amati kusunga awo yaitali kumabweretsa mfundo yakuti matayala kutaya mawonekedwe ndi ntchito zawo makhalidwe. N'zoona kuti za chitetezo aliyense mu ntchito ya mphira ngati sitingathe kupita.

Phunzirani tayala kumasulidwa tsiku n'kosavuta. Kuyika chilemba amatanthauzanso pamwamba lateral ndipo imakhala manambala zinayi zikusonyeza sabata ndi chaka. Mwachitsanzo, mu 1609 mawu akuti limasonyeza kuti tayala chopangidwa mu sabata la 16 la 2009. Pafupifupi onse a dziko opanga tayala kutsatira izi chodetsa, kotero sanamwe kumbali - chizindikiro cha mankhwala si mbiri yabwino.

Mwa njira, mpaka 2000 tsiku anasankha manambala asanu, woyamba awiri amene - chiwerengero cha masabata, ndi ena atatu - chaka kupanga code.

mayina ena

Koma kuwonjezera pa kalembedwe zofunika kawirikawiri mphira ali kulemba ena:

• «Max Anzanu» digito chizindikiro - zosonyeza pazipita chovomerezeka kufufuma kuthamanga (amangoona mu kilopascals kapena zitsulo);
• «Mkati», «Autside» - amati matayala asymmetric;
• «Kasinthasintha» ndi mbali muvi - limasonyeza kuti tayala ali ndi dongosolo mbali, ayenera anapereka mogwirizana;
• «Kutentha» A, B, C - matenthedwe bata index (A - pazipita);
• «Samatha» A, B, C - chopinga index kumene kumatsimikizira mphamvu ya braking mwadzidzidzi (A - yabwino);
• «Tubeless» - tubeless tayala;
• «Chubu Mtundu» - tayala kuti tizigwiritsa ntchito ndi kamera;
• «RSC» - matayala wapadera ndi luso Thamanga Lathyathyathya System chigawo kupitiriza kuyendetsa galimoto pa puncture kapena kudula matayala. matayala amenewa akhoza pochitika mpaka 100 Km, pakalibe kuthamanga mkati;
• «Chitwi» - pali mawu osonyeza kuti tayala ali wapadera "nyumba" ili ndi poyambira pakati kuyenda, ndilo chizindikiro cha avale;
• «Taphunzira» - tayala nyama mphamvu, pafupifupi chiwerengero cha zigawo za mphira.

N'chifukwa chiyani pa matayala ayenera mabwalo wachikuda

Mwina inuyo anakumana basi ndi mabwalo wachikuda pa mbali. Magwero zambiri mbiri, kuyambira ndi chakuti njira imeneyi zizindikiro chofunika chokha pa kupanga labala, kutsiriza ndi chakuti Mlengi kapena wogulitsa Choncho m'pamene zabwino kapena zosalongosoka tayala.

Ndipotu, izi mabwalo wachikuda akusonyeza mbali structural ya matayala. Chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti ndi mayina a matayala amalembedwa ndi mawanga achikasu kapena wofiira, motere:

• yellow bwalo - gawo Chophweka ya matayala;
• wofiira bwalo - gawo lovuta kwambiri tayala;
• wobiriwira bwalo - tayala kwa unsembe koyamba pa galimoto ku fakitale

Koma chifukwa choti wina mukudziwa pamene kuwala gawo, ndi kumene kwambiri? Ndi yosavuta! Childs, kwa matayala ndi tayala wokwera makamera m'dera Chophweka nipple lapansi. Izi zimathandiza kukwaniritsa zimene zawonongedwa pamene kasinthasintha.

Nthawi zina, pa sidewall matayala angapezeke chodetsa ndi kanjedza mu bwalo, lalikulu, makona, ndi ntchito zoyera utoto. Ndi mtundu wa chizindikiro kuti mankhwala wadutsa kulamulira khalidwe (monga OTC wathu). Kuwonjezera izi, ndi mtundu amatanthauza Mtsogoleri yeniyeni, udindo afufuze.

mizere akuda pa kupondaponda

Pafupifupi onse matayala atsopano ndi mikwingwirima wachikuda kumbali ntchito ya matayala. Iwo sali kwenikweni mwini galimoto ndi Musatenge mfundo iliyonse lipindulitsa pa iye. Mtundu 'kala' ikusonyeza matayala lakonzedwa kuti magawowa chizindikiritso awo yosungirako.

Pomwe zikwi za milu tayala ndi katundu, wogwira ntchito si kudziwa mtundu wawo ndi kukula, mbakonda kulemba ndi ili sidewall lapansi. Ndi kupyolera mu izi n'kupanga akuda anakonza mu dongosolo linalake, mukhoza bwino kudziwa mtundu wa Turo ndi kukula kwake.