Kutha kwa nyengo ya madzi a kokonati? N'chifukwa chiyani kumwa yapamwamba mu dziko kutha kwa maalumali?

Pakuti anthu yapamwamba ndi olemera, kuphatikizapo anthu otchuka monga Rihanna, Madonna kapena Mettyu Makkonahi, kawirikawiri kokonati madzi yotengedwa mitundu onunkhira a mtedza, ndi kumwa waukulu ndipo ngakhale kupeza ndalama.

Kokonati madzi chogulitsidwa zopangidwa apamwamba, ndipo mtengo wake anafika $ 7 pa 330 ml. Za mtengo chomwecho ndi shampeni.

msika patsogoloyi

Palibe kukayika kuti kokonati msika akufotokozera. The zolowa wapachaka wa ulimi wa madzi a kokonati panopa waima pa US madola 2 biliyoni. Iwo ukuyembekezeka $ 4 billion pa zaka zisanu zikubwerazi.

Mu 2007, 25% ya magawo a Vitacoco, zopangidwa yaikulu ya madzi a kokonati, anagulitsidwa kwa $ 7 miliyoni kampani Verlinvest. patatha zaka zisanu ndi 25% Vitacoco magawo zinayamba kugulitsidwa ichi nthawi Red ng'ombe Chinese kampani, chifukwa pafupifupi miliyoni 166 dollars.

Mbali ina yaikulu ntchito osewera kwa kupanga madzi a kokonati monga koka-Cola Company ndi PepsiCo. Panopa, kuposa 200 zopangidwa kugulitsa chakumwa.

kwambiri mbewu

Koma pali mbali ina kwa nkhani ino. Kokonati ndi mmodzi wa 35 mbewu chakudya kutchulidwa alumikiza 1 Pangano mayiko osiyanasiyana Bzalani Chibadwa Resources kwa Food and Agriculture. Kokonati amaonedwa kukhala zofunika kwambiri chakudya chokwanira padziko lonse. Mu 2014, Food and Agriculture Organization, kupanga dziko la kokonati anali matani mamiliyoni 61,5.

Iyi ndi njira yofunika kwambiri zofunika pamoyo alimi oposa 11 miliyoni, omwe ambiri a iwo ndi alimi ang'onoang'ono. Iwo amakula mitengo kokonati pa mahekala 12 miliyoni m'mayiko pafupifupi 94 padziko lonse. mtengo kokonati ndi wotchuka monga "mtengo wa moyo" chifukwa ziwalo zanga zonse ndi wofunika.

mankhwala

The mankhwala chachikulu ndi copra (zouma mkati mtedza zamkati, amene ntchito yopanga mafuta) ndi madeya, umene ndi imatipatsa CHIKWANGWANI. Posachedwapa, monga taonera, palinso anali kufunika kwambiri madzi wachifundo kokonati ndi mafuta a kokonati.

Lonse okhwima mtedza zimagulitsidwa ndipo anagulitsidwa ku mafakitare yotulutsa kokonati ndi batala. Osachepera theka la kokonati onse wamkulu atengeka ndi anthu akuderalo.

zosiyanasiyana majini

Kwa zaka, anthu pang'onopang'ono kusankha ndi kukula mitundu yambiri ya kokonati, ntchito zolinga zambiri.

Zimenezi zinachititsa kuti kwambiri morphological zosiyanasiyana, amene afotokozedwa mu osiyanasiyana mitundu, akalumikidzidwa ndi makulidwe a zipatso. Koma mlingo wa kuchuluka yakeyo osadziwika padziko lonse. A yaikulu ya ntchito zimene zachitidwa mwa alimi kulima a kokonati kwa zaka ndi asayansi m'zaka za m'ma 20, akhala kwakukulukulu anachepetsa.

Kawirikawiri mitundu ya kokonati, kokonati monga ng'ombe, nakulitsa ndi osungidwa ndi India. Koma anthu ambiri ngakhale sankaoneka ngati kokonati, makamaka West.

The zosiyanasiyana lamavuto

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kokonati, zimenezi kwambiri tsogolo la ulimi, kutha chifukwa imfa ya kudziwa chikhalidwe, kusintha mofulumira malo a zaulimi, kusintha kwa nyengo ndi azungu.

Chifukwa fragility la chilumba m'chilengedwe Pacific dera - izi mwina malo zomvetsa ali apamwamba.

Mu kafukufuku wa posachedwapa ku zilumba za Cook asayansi ndi khama lalikulu Ine anatha kupeza mtundu wa kokonati, kudziwika pakati pa anthu am'deralo monga niu mangaro. Umenewu ndi mtundu osowa a kokonati, amene akufuna ikutha.

Mankhusu zipatso zake zosapsa, imene mitundu ina, kawirikawiri lolimba ndiponso astringent, ndi wodekha, wokoma ndi edible. Iwo akhoza fodya ameneyu amatafunidwa monga nzimbe. Kamodzi zipatso zipse, mankhusu ulusi mwayera zitani.

A kafukufuku unachitikira molumikizana ndi boma kapitawo ulimi. Pa ntchito, iye anatenga wofatsa kokonati gaga ndi kuyamba kutafuna. Ndiye anaima n'kunena kuti: ". Sindikufuna anthu a m'deralo kundiona kudya niu mangar, chifukwa iwo adzatenga ine kwa osauka"

Kumwa zipatso chikhalidwe akadali amaona ngati manyazi chikhalidwe, chifukwa si kuphimba "Masiku" njira ya moyo. Komano, kunja mowa chakudya amaonedwa monga chizindikiro cha panopa ndi chuma.

Izi zikutanthauza kuti zosiyanasiyana miyambo akadali ofunika anthu achikulire, koma achinyamata sindikudziwa za m'chipani ndi phindu chikhalidwe pamanambala awa.

Lonse "kokonati" msonkhano

zinthu umoyo ndi zachuma zokhudza kuteteza kokonati, zinakambidwa pa misonkhano iwiri mayiko bungwe mu 2016 ndi Asia ndi Pacific kokonati Community, Indonesia ndi Institute Research chapakati ku India.

Kukambirana m'gulu zofooka ndi ubwino kugwirizana ndi makhalidwe zamoyo kokonati; kusamala mitundu mu genebanks nchito; chidziwitso alimi za zamoyo ubereki wabwino wa zomera; umoyo ndi zachuma mphamvu ndi miyeso ndale.

Big malonda ndi kusowa kwa ndalama kafukufuku

Mayiko Network kokonati chuma majini (COGENT) panopa zikuphatikizapo 41 flights, umene umabala kokonati, amene ali oposa 98% kupanga dziko. zochitika zawo Cholinga chake kusamala ndi kuswana mitundu.

Kokonati germplasm ankaimira pafupifupi 400 ndipo 1600 sukulu sortoobraztcov 24 mabanki mbewu. Accessions ndi zofunika mayunitsi genebank.

Pa mayesero onsewa ndi mgwalangwa sortoobrazets tichipeza 45-150 manja. Iwo mayina a Nawonso achichepere kokonati chuma majini ndi mndandanda lonse.

COGENT amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa molumikiza matupi a kokonati mu chimango cha mgwirizano pakati pa mabungwe kafukufuku Côte d'Ivoire, France ndi China.

Ngakhale kuwuka mu dziko msika, alimi ambiri kokonati ndi bungwe zokwanira, ndi chuma kafukufuku zonyozeka.

Voliyumu ya pachaka wa ndalama kafukufuku, zimene zingakhale zokwanira kuthetsa ambiri mwa mavuto a kokonati kukula, kuzungulira madola miliyoni 3-5. Koma makampani amene akupindula Boom mu msika, pali pafupifupi osati nawo ndalama kafukufuku.

Makamaka kulima kokonati

Kokonati - mbewu osatha wobala zipatso chaka chonse, koma mitengo kwambiri kukula kutenga nthawi yaitali. Makampani chidwi phindu mofulumira, kukhala mphwayi ndalama zogulira khumi mapulogalamu kafukufuku, omwe nthawi zambiri zofunika bwino kuthetsa mavuto kugwirizana ndi kulima kokonati.

M'mayiko kuti kukula kokonati, osauka genebanks ndi Laboratories alibe zofunika bajeti, anthu oti, zida ndiponso maphunziro luso kwa ankalamulira Buku kubereketsa zomera, komanso zinthu zina monga chopereka, mapangidwe ndi kusankha zitsanzo.

Zopangidwa yotulutsa madzi a kokonati adzatha kupeza mabiliyoni pokhapokha ngati kokonati Pali zambiri ndiponso zosiyanasiyana. Chofunika kwambiri, anthu padziko lonse kudalira chitetezo mankhwala ofunika. Kupeza tsogolo lawo n'kofunika kwambiri kwa aliyense amene amalima kokonati, kudya iwo ndi kukatenga iwo phindu.