Kalulu: mbali ndi malo

Kalulu wa gulu la nyama, lagomorphs detachment, banja leporidae mbalame akale.

Zimapezekanso

Nyama wamba kumpoto Europe ndi ku Asia. Malo chachikulu - Titafika pamalo, nkhalango ndi zigawo nkhalango-steppe, kumene kalulu amakhala zambiri popanda.

Pamene kusintha m'mayiko forage ndi kufooka kwa nyengo, nyama angachititse mtunda wautali pa malo okhalamo okhazikika.

Kalulu amakhala mkati lonse osiyanasiyana ndi malo a dziko. Izi - onse Titafika pamalo nkhalango mabacteria a kumpoto kwa Ulaya (Poland, Scandinavia, Scotland), Russia, Mongolia, kumpoto China. Anadziŵa mu South America (Chile, Argentina).

maonekedwe

Wamkulu kalulu kufika kutalika 43-61 cm, ndi mchira ndi yaing'ono - 4-7 cm, makutu ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 7,6-10, akulemera makilogalamu 1,6-4,5. "Kumpoto" hares ndi yokulirapo kuposa anansi "kum'mwera". mitunduyi imasiyana malingana ndi nyengo. Kalulu m'nyengo yozizira woyera, ndi m'chilimwe pa mtundu amakhudza malo - ubweya amakhala imvi kapena pabuka-bulauni. Discoloration kalulu wotchedwa molting. Molting zidzachitika kawiri pa chaka - kuchokera mochedwa February kwa May (masika) ndi kwa October kwa January - m'nyengo yozizira. Kutalika kwa ndondomeko mtundu akugwiritsa wamfupi ofunda kasupe kuposa mu ozizira. Pafupifupi kusintha mtundu ku kalulu woyera kumatenga pafupifupi 80 masiku.

Kalulu adya

Zakudya anatsimikiza malo ndi nyengo. Kalulu wa nyama zamiyendo Inayi. M'nthawi ya chilimwe, nkhalango okhala osangalala kudya msipu wobiriwira, ndi okhala Titafika pamalo ndi kudya udzu ya m'mapiri. Hares mofunitsitsa kudya udzu, lichens, Mapila ndi clover. Komabe, m'nyengo yozizira, pamene chakudya chonse ndiwo makamaka yokutidwa ndi chipale chofewa, kudya makungwa a mitengo yosiyanasiyana ndi zitsamba.

M'dzinja ndi yozizira kwambiri chakudya chotafuna zili m'gulu la zakudya azungu, iwo kudya pa nthawi iyi ya makungwa a mitengo (msondodzi, Aspen, birch), zosiyanasiyana zipatso (chilombo ananyamuka, phiri phulusa, mbalame chitumbuwa, mlombwa) ndi kutenga cones paini pansi chisanu. Izi zimayambitsa akusowa mu zakudya salt mchere, kotero akalulu zina kudya dothi, mafupa nyama ndi miyala.

kubalana

Kalulu ali ofanana kugonana chiŵerengero pafupifupi 50 50. Pamene kufika msinkhu, kalulu amayamba kuchulukana. Ana akazi zimachitika 2-3, koma nthawi zambiri nthawi 2 chaka. Nyengo mating choyamba mu February ndi March, wachiwiri - mu May-June. Kutalika kwa mimba akalulu ndi kwa masiku 47 mpaka 54. The wamkazi chibala leverets anayi, lililonse wolemera pafupi '90 mayi chachikulu Mzimuyo kuchuluka kwa leverets mu zinyalala chimodzi - ikuluikulu wamkazi, m'pamenenso iye adzayenera ana mu zinyalala wina.

Thupi la kalulu wakhanda zophimbidwa ndi ubweya wakuda. Mayi zaychiha kudyetsa ana awo mu avareji masabata anayi. Mkaka akazi mafuta kwambiri ndi thanzi, choncho kamodzi kokha patsiku kudyetsa wamng'ono. Kalulu ukufika kukhwima kugonana miyezi 10. The moyo wa mbalame zakutchire ndi pakati pa zaka 7 mpaka 17, koma ambiri a iwo adzapulumuka kubadwa awo chachisanu chifukwa zifukwa zosiyanasiyana.

Features kalulu

Ubale pakati pa amuna ndi akazi anapanga m'njira kuti amuna akazi aziyankhula. Pa nyengo kuswana amuna nthaŵi zina kukwatana kapena kugonana ndi mkazi chimodzimodzi kuti zimayambitsa ndewu pakati pawo.

Masana kalulu zambiri amagona chifukwa nyama usiku.

Umu ndi mmene, pa yozizira ozizira, pamene chiwerengero cha chakudya chosakwanira, nyama ntchito ngati chakudya mbewu (mbewu monga chimanga), ndi makungwa a mitengo ya zipatso kuposa zoipa za chuma kwa anthu. Kalulu ndi chinthu chofunika wa masewera kusaka. Man anam'funafuna zikopa ndi nyama.

Monga tanenera kale, kalulu akhoza kukhala pafupifupi 17 zaka, koma nthawi ya moyo wake, nthawi zambiri osaposa zaka 5. The zifukwa ndi ogwirira osiyana (nkhandweyo, amphaka, mphungu, kadzidzi) komanso majeremusi ndi osakwanira kuchuluka kwa chakudya, makamaka nthawi yozizira.