Kamtsikana Tower ku Baku

zokopa ambiri imapezeka wakale likulu la Azerbaijan, Baku. Kamtsikana Tower, zithunzi zimene zili m'nkhani ino - mmodzi wa ambiri zamatsenga ndi odzitukumula. Pakali pano palibe tsiku kumanga nyumbayo ili, kapena cholinga chake enieni amadziwika. Kamtsikana Tower amasunga zinsinsi zake. Ena a iwo adzaphunzilanso pa nkhani imeneyi.

Maonekedwe la nsanjayo

A wapadera kamangidwe maonekedwe a namwaliyu Tower mpaka tsopano zikusonyeza anthu mantha. Iwo limatulukira mbali mwa nyanja ya Icheri Sheher (Old City) ndipo ndi chimodzi cha zinthu zofunika kwambiri kwa mwanyanja "wapakamwa" mzinda wa Baku. Aakulu lomenyera dongosolo ili pa thanthwe, malo alimbane ashlar ndi wokhala ndi mpanda ndi zolosera semicircular limatuluka kuchokera pansi pamwamba. Kum'mawa kwa namwaliyu Tower ali protrusion amene cholinga akhala chinsinsi. mchitidwe Izi zikhoza kukhala palibe malo obisalamo, palibe buttresses kapena "paphiri" kuwalitsa pakati mwala. Njira zomera kuteteza, akhoza inali pamwamba pa nsanja, chikhalidwe cha zomangamanga amene sizinawakhudze masiku athu. Ndi wapadera padziko Kapangidwe ka thupi kupangidwa ndi alternating ribbed recessed ndi projecting mizere ya zomangamanga.

Lamkati danga tridtsatimetrovoy nsanja cupolas lathyathyathya mwala lagawidwa tiers eyiti masitepe inakula mwauzimu. nyumba zingakhale okhala ku mazana awiri. Madzi angathe kumwedwa pa bwino kwambiri. The makulidwe a malinga a nsanja pa tsinde la - mamita asanu, pamwamba - mamita anayi. Chifukwa cha kukula kwake kuposa mwala colossus Apsheron nyumba, khoma makulidwe a limene mamita awiri okha.

Tsiku erection

Asayansi zikutsutsanazo pamene namwaliyu Tower inamangidwa. Kudzanja lamanja la pakhomo la mbale mwala, amene stamped Kufic akuti: "Gubba (chimphika Chipilala) Masuda Daudi bin". Potengera chikhalidwe cha mawu awa (Arabic script), kumanga nsanja kwa nthawi yaitali, anali analembedwa m'ma 12. Komabe, asayansi kenako shopped zolemba mosamala. Poyamba penipeni liwu loti "Gubba", nthawi zina amamasuliridwa kuti "thambo", nthawi zambiri anali ntchito mu Ages Middle ku manda a Asilamu mbale ndi moyo adachoka anakwera kwa Mulungu. Kodi mpanda wa tombstones mwala colossus chidutswa? Kachiwiri, yankho limene mbale apuma, sichinayambe ntchito pomanga nsanja. Iwo likukhalira kuti lolembedwa anaonekera pa nyumbayi mwangozi, pa kukonza, pamene mofulumira mothandizidwa ndi miyala anasindikizidwa ena kuwonongeka mu mpanda. Mwina malo awa anali kuzungulira-dzenje kapena bokosi lalikulu. Choncho, anapezeka kuti pomanga nsanja Buthu Baku anachitika kaŵiri. Choyamba chikukhudza nyengo chisanadze Chisilamu, wachiwiri - m'ma 12.

nkhani

Panthawi zosiyanasiyana ntchito zosiyanasiyana unali Buthu Tower. M'zaka za m'ma 12 zinali ndi mpanda wolimba angaloŵe wa Shirvanshahs, chitetezo yaikulu ya chitetezo cha Baku. Patapita zaka 18-19 dongosolo la ntchito ngati nyumba, amene anayamba ntchito mu 1958, patsamba 13 June. Mu 1907 ndi nyumba anagwidwa kuchokera pamwamba pa nyumba pachilumba Nargin monga kuwala kwake anayamba kuphatikiza ndi kuwala kwa mzinda usiku.

Kamtsikana Tower mobwerezabwereza pansi kubwezeretsedwa. M'zaka za m'ma 19, pa kukonzanso kuchokera mano ake pamwamba anachotsa (machicolations) chitetezo. Kubwezeretsedwa otsiriza a dongosolo la zinachitikadi mu 1960, ndipo patapita zaka zinayi nsanja anakhala kowonera zakale. Mu 2000, wapadera chipilala mbiri anakhala ndi World Heritage Site ndi UNESCO.

The linga, ndi nyumba kapena kachisi?

Mfundo za kumbuyo ntchito Buthu Tower, ofufuza umboni. Kumangidwa izi sitingazipeze pena oyenera nkhondo - kaya ndi malo, kapena mu mawonekedwe kapena zimango mkati. Choyamba, mu nsanja ndi mazenera ochepa, zomwe zili pamodzi makwerero kutsogolera oposa osati downwards zochokera ndi oposa. Chachiwiri, pa denga la nyumba, chifukwa kukula yaing'ono, sikutheka ikani chida chilichonse. Chachitatu, namwaliyu Tower analibe kulumikiza okhazikika pakati pa madenga a. Pansi woyamba wakhala zogwirizana ndi ena nthawi masitepe, amene pa mphindi iliyonse angachotsedwe.

Kuwonjezera zomangamanga yake yapadera, buthulo Tower n'zodabwitsa ... wamwaye ake. Komanso, mwaye si yunifolomu pa kapangidwe ka wosanjikiza, ndipo isanafalikire kuzungulira storeys zisanu ndi ziwiri za munsanja (kumene kuunikira ndi miyuni) ndipo pamwamba. Malinga ndi magwero mbiri: "zisanu ndi ziwiri moto inextinguishable moto pamwamba" (Mose Horessky, 5.), Ndi chilichonse mlingo wa kuwala kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Zimene zinkachitika mkati nsanja yapadera?

Pali nkhambakamwa kuti Buthu Tower - pa nyumba yakale. Koma chifukwa kumanga ngati nyumba zazikulu, ndi kuliyeretsa kuchepetsa asanu, koma muyambe miyuni zokwanira pamwamba? Posachedwapa, ndi kumanga ntchito ngati chabwino, ndipo ngati nsanja, koma cholinga chake choyambirira chifukwa palibe amene sakudziwika. The zambiri njira - achipembedzo. Dzina la nsanjayo - "Giz Galasi" - angamasuliridwe mu njira zosiyanasiyana. Mawu "Gala", kapena "Kala", ali anthu amakono Turkic kuti "nsanja" kapena "Nyumbayi", kalelo anali ndi tanthauzo lina. "Kala" - malo a moto woyaka mwambo.

N'chifukwa chiyani nsanja amatchedwa "mtsikana"?

M'dziko kwambiri a makhazikitsidwe amatchedwa "Buthu Tower". Istanbul, Crimea, Tallinn, Belgorod-Dnevstrosky kudzitama nsanja ndi dzina lomweli. chakuti onsewa malinga zinamangidwa mu nthawi ya wachisoni Ages Middle, pamene palibe yemwe konse anagonjetsa nsanja ankaona "namwali", kuti si anapita manja a munthu aliyense. Zikuoneka kuti dzina Baku nsanja anali mu Ages Middle, pamene mwambo European anayamba kudutsa mu kum'mawa nzika maganizo a Azerbaijan.

Bakuman wa Baku Buthu

Pali zambiri nkhani wakale chikugwirizana ndi dzina "Buthu Tower". Bakuman wa Baku Virgin limanena kuti nthawi chisanadze Chisilamu ndi Khan, amene analamulira mu mbali, iye ankafuna kuti ndikwatire mwana wawo wamkazi, amene anamukumbutsa za mwadzidzidzi womwalirayo mkazi wokondedwa. Iye analandira madalitso a milungu yawo, anamanga polemekeza Mkwatibwi waukulu nsanja pamwamba pa thanthwe ndi wokonzeka kuyamba ntchito conjugal. Komabe, mtsikanayo anakana chifuniro cha atate ake ndi kumadedwa pa mphindi yotsiriza analumpha kuchokera nsanja m'nyanja yolusayo. Wave anagwira thupi lake osalimba ndi kugunda miyala. Kuyambira pamenepo, yaikulu mwala colossus amanyamula dzina "Buthu". Ngati ife titembenukira kwa lenileni mabuku a mbiri yakale, n'zotheka kupeza chitsimikiziro zotsalira za zotchulidwa nthano. Mu 439-457 AD. e. Sassanid wolamulira Iezdigerd kwenikweni nakhalanso akale Zoroastrian mwambo, malinga ndi abale analoledwa kukwatirana ndi alongo ndi makolo - ana aakazi. Mu nkhani pamwamba angapezeke kumatikumbutsabe wosakhutira ndi boma la zochitika.

Nthano ya wankhondo wamng'ono

Nthano ina ya namwaliyu Tower zimatengera ife kalelo, pamene mzinda wa Baku dzina lake "Bhagwan" ndipo anthu anakhulupirira Zoroastrian mulungu Ahura Mazida. Mzinda woyera kwa miyezi itatu wazingidwa ndi m'deralo mkulu-wansembe, ananena kuti mdani lidzawonongedwa ndi manja a anamwali wosalakwa. M'mawa pamwamba pa kachisi wakale (Buthu Tower) ndi lalikulu moto wankhondo ndi lupanga lamoto m'dzanja lake. Iwo anasangalala mkulu ndi kumumenya mkulu mdani - Nur-Eddin Shah - bwino mumtima. Komabe, nthawi yomweyo anagwa mu chikondi ndi izo anapha mnyamata wokongola unyamata. Sanathe kulimbana ndi chisawutso, mdzakazi anavutika yekha ndi lupanga, ndipo anafa, ndipo moyo wake anabwerera ku kachisi. masiku asanu ndi mausiku kuwomba mphepo yamphamvu - Gilavar ndi Xazri. Iwo chimatha moto wopatulika m'kachisi. Koma farsangs asanu malo opatulika unayaka lawi latsopano. Kuyambira pamenepo, mu kachisi lopanda anthu moyo wa msilikali wamng'ono. Nthawi zina masamba pothawirapo, ntchentche ku nyanja kufunafuna wokondedwa ndi wokwiya khama zachabechabe aukitsa mphepo zoipa zimene kungadzutse mkuntho.

N'zochititsa chidwi nthano Izinso pansi chochitika chenicheni cha m'mbiri. Pa kuzinga mzinda Nur-Eddin Shah (7-6 CC. BC. E.) Panali chivomezi chachikulu mu chigawo cha Baku. nthaka kusamutsidwa anatsogolera chakuti mpweya ( "moto wopatulika") anayamba zimaonekera m'mudzi wa Sura-Hana ( "farsangs zisanu ndi ziwiri" nyumba "Buthu Tower"). Mpaka 1902 mderali kachisi, nazitentha moto wosazimitsika.

Pomaliza

Bakuman, waukali ndiponso kosakhozeka kufikako zikuwoneka Buthu Tower. Baku - mzinda umene intricately zapiringizana mbiri yamakedzana amakambirana ndi zenizeni ano. Malowa kuliganizira. Mdima nyumba chachinsinsi m'tawuni ina mitundu yosina siyana magetsi akuda, mantha apaulendo ouziridwa ojambula zithunzi ndi ndakatulo. View wa Buthu Tower muyenera maso anu. Kuwona komanso kumvetsa zimene ali chete wakale Giz Galasi komwe kali kuseri mpanda wake wakuda, kuseri ndi kuya osadziwika zaka imvi.