North Port pa Yenisei

Igarka - doko zofunika kwambiri malire m'munsi mwa Yenisei Mtsinje. Malowa ali pamtunda m'dera Krasnodar, amene kuyambira 1928 ndi tsiku adakali waukulu kumpoto imene zombo padziko lonse.

dziko la chofukizira mbiri

Yenisei Mtsinje - kunyada kwa Russia. Aliyense wokhalamo ntchito pamodzi ndi dzina la thupi ili la madzi epithet "bambo." Iwo ali ndi wachiwiri kukula beseni dera latsopano la Russia ndi chiwiri mwa machitidwe padziko lonse lapansi. Izi riboni buluu umayenda kuchokera kum'mwera mpaka kumpoto, ndipo amauza njira yake Siberia kumadzulo ndi kum'mawa.

Chiyambi cha njira amatenga kukhetsa Wamkulu ndi Wamng'ono Yenisei, mu likulu la Republic of Tuva - Kyzyl. Kumaliza mtsinje wa 3487 Km from mfundo imeneyi, pa kugombe la nyanja Caspian.

Lero, dongosolo upangili pamalo abwino ofunika kwa kutumiza Russian. Waterway ali dazeni marinas ano. Doko kumpoto pa Yenisei Mtsinje, Igarka, amatenga ngakhale sitima m'madzi.

dzina chinsinsi

Kale, anthu osiyana kulemekeza ukulu wa otaya izi. Aliyense wa mabanja, amene anakhala pa padoko la, narekat chifukwa mayina ofanana. Mwachitsanzo, Evenki nampatsa dzina "une" kutanthauza "madzi chachikulu".

Chum, amene ankakhala m'madera amenewa atakambirana dzina. Koma malamulo awo dzina izo anali kuwonjezera malo osiyanasiyana yaitali. Choncho, kwa ena mawu "une" (kutanthauza "mtsinje") adachimanga mbadwa "ses" (omwenso zikumveka ngati "madzi chachikulu"). The chifukwa ankatchedwa "UNEG" imene ili kumasulira enieni ochokera m'zilembo awiri osiyana amatanthauza "mtsinje wa mtsinje."

M'zaka za m'ma XVI, palibe munthu anakhoza ndikuganiza kuti padzakhala doko yaikulu Yenisei Mtsinje. Anthu amene anali kugombe awa okha kuthana ndi nsomba.

otulukira

Gwiritsani ntchito mtsinje monga waterway anayamba Cossacks. Pomwepo adadza kutchula koyamba zolembedwa za izo inalembedwa kumbuyo kwa cha m'ma XVI. Mu 1601 Kondraty Kurochkin anapanga nkhani ya mosungiramo izi.

Pa ntchito yake, anaona kuti njira ndi oyenera osati nsomba komanso kutumiza. Zitatha izi, pa a mtsinjewo, akutiakuti anayamba kuoneka Pamudzi. Patangopita zaka zochepa, mzinda uliwonse kuti zilipodi. Wotchuka - Yeniseisk ndi Krasnoyarsk. Pali ndipo anapanga madoko a Yenisei Mtsinje.

padokopo mwachangu anayamba zaka. Ndi chiyambi cha XX m'ma 26 zombo anachotsedwa pa mtsinje. Koma mafunde anapita malonda osati katundu zombo. The maholide pa madzi kusambira maboti ulendowu, amene analengedwa kuti dziŵani aliyense ndi zipilala za chikhalidwe m'deralo.

Cossacks kuthokoza osati chiyambi cha ntchito kutumiza mu beseni, komanso chifukwa oyamba a dzinalo, amene m'nthawi yake mpaka pano. Kenako migrations dzina m'dera la "UNEG" anayamba kuwomba mu Russian monga "Yenisei".

Mfundo yaikulu ya mzinda

Doko woyamba pa Yenisei Mtsinje inamangidwa pansi pa utsogoleri wa mphamvu Soviet. Kuyimitsa galimoto ili m'tauni ya Igarka.

Mbiri ya mudzi kumagwirizana ndi madzi. Ndi chinthu ichi, ndipo dzina la m'tauni. Malinga ndi Baibulo lina, dzina lake dziko mphothoyi pambuyo njirayi, limene lili.

Pond, nayenso dzina la msodzi wamba Yegor Shiryaev. Munthuyo anali ulemerero wa mlenje waluso ndipo munthu zabwino. Anansi acemera mamuna ndi chikondi cha Igarka. Kwa ulemerero wa msodzi aluso nakhala pa, dzina lake dzina khwalala. Ngakhale umboni zopelekedwa za Baibulo izi palibe, chikondi m'dera nthano ino.

Dziko limeneli poyamba pa mapu mu 1725. Mwatsatanetsatane kukopedwa forwarders Khwalala Fedor Minin ndi Chariton Laptev mu 1740-m. Panthawiyo gawo anali mayadi ochepa.

Njira kutchuka

Zaka zoposa 150 pambuyo pake, ndicho mu 1876, anthu anayamba kufufuza kumpoto Nyanja Route. Zombo kufika Tinatsitsa katundu mwachindunji ku banki, komwe panthawiyo anali doko improvised pa Yenisei Mtsinje. Kuwonjezera pa kukhala malo ziwiya nakocheza anali kwenikweni kwa zoyendera katundu, momwemonso ntchito zimenezi zinachitika m'madera osiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri, pamene anasamutsa katundu otayika mu madzi. Panali milandu pamene akazembe, osati kudikira katundu ndi mabwato mtsinje m'chombo.

doko zomangamanga, amene akanakhoza kutenga zombo zambiri zofunika. Mu 1923 anayamba zoyesayesa woyamba kugwiritsa kamangidwe. Marina titayensa ndi bungwe Ayenela-Port. Pa ntchito a panyanjawa ankadziwa anazindikira kuti malo zinali zovuta.

Kenako, iwo ayambitse ntchito mu Angutinskoy ritsa. Koma mapulani amenewa anagonjetsa mkulu wa Sitima "Tobol" PF Ocheretko, anapereka kumanga doko kumpoto pa Yenisei mu Igarka ritsa.

M'mudzimo ku Marina national

ganizo limeneli sanali lachibadwa. Woyendetsa Chombo bwino kudziwika ndi awa chisanadze anayeza kuya madzi. Zotsatira, amene analandira, anawatumiza kuti "Sibvodput".

Pafupi ndi ntchito ya akatswiri anayamba. Iwo akhala akatswiri osiyanasiyana khwalala ndipo anapereka ndemanga yothandiza. Pambuyo kuphunzira zambiri za polojekiti mtsogolo, akatswiri adzalola kumanga pafupi ndi tauni ya Igarka.

June 15, 1929 boma anapereka chilolezo pa udindo kuti yomanga. ntchitoyi anali mbali ya Soviet dongosolo zaka zisanu, amene imagwera pa zaka 1928-1932. Choncho yoyamba lesoeksportny doko la Yenisei anaukitsidwa.

Pambuyo chiyambi cha ntchito yomanga chinawonjezeka chiwerengero cha anthu. Kale mu 1931 chiwerengero cha anthu anafika 3000. Izo zinali pamene katunduyo anapatsidwa udindo mzinda. Pa chitukuko cha zitaganya latsopano pansi analamula ndale, nkhondo, ndi akaidi ena. Ndi zipangizo zawo latsopano zinamangidwa. Doko wagwira ntchito mwakhama ndi buku la magalimoto zikuchulukirachulukira chaka chilichonse. Zombo ochokera m'mayiko oposa 20 osiyanasiyana nakocheza pa mbali imeneyi. Ndiye, doko mzinda pa Yenisey ufumuwo anapeza nawo ulamuliro kudziwika nyanja zipata zikubweretsa Europe.

nthawi kuchepa

Ngakhale kuti Marina anayamba monga lesoeksportny chinthu mu USSR anali ndi zolinga odzitukumula kwa m'deralo. Mu 1956, boma anayamba pulani mtima wofuna kumanganso mzinda. chinthu ichi anali kukhala si apanyanja pakati komanso mafakitale.

Mu 1962, zinthu zinasokonekera mu Igarka. Lowopsya moto anatentha mazana a nyumba pansi. Komabe, anamangidwanso kuchokera zikande.

Mu mzinda ambiri mafakitale kwa processing wa nkhuni. mankhwala awo kukopa zambiri sitima za mayiko. Mu nthawi yabwino, doko nyanja pa Yenisei akhoza kungotenga pafupifupi 25 lalikulu zombo katundu. Ena pa zinthu anatumizidwa pansi pa mtsinje rafting.

Ndi kukweza kwa ntchito Igarka yokha mzinda wina waukulu - Arkhangelsk.

Tsopano patsogolo za chinthu ichi litapotanitsidwa. 2015 anthu sadzachitanso 5000, pamene chithunzi anaima pa pafupifupi 20 000 mu 1989.

Ngakhale izi, Igarka mwina chidwi alendo.

Haji mfundo

Kumbuyo ndi zochitika za nthawi kuthandiza Museum wa Madzi oundana, limene lili mu Krasnoyarsk Gawo. Ndi zovuta yekha ndi ndende kwambiri mu nthaka mazira.

Back mu 1930, malo kumene lero zovuta ndi ili, anali zasayansi sayansi. Patapita zaka zambiri, ndicho 19 March 1965, wina wa zipinda za pakati chatsegulidwa kwa anthu. Izo zinachitika pa njira imene Dr. Mineralogical Sciences Alexander Pchelintseva.

Yapadera zovuta ndi zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho lake, ndi ndondomeko kugonjera. zipinda zonse zili pa akuya mamita 14. Choncho kutentha ranges kuchokera -5 digiri -60. Sectioned khoma - ndi mauthenga zam'chitini akale. Iwo akusungidwa bwinobwino masamba ndi mitengo yomwe inakula pansi pafupifupi 50 000 zaka zapitazo.

Port pa Yenisei kwa Museum wa Madzi oundana atha kudziwa mbiri ya dziko lakwawo. Kodi pa dziko lino anali anthu oyambirira bwanji kumanga njuchi, kodi imodzi mwa marinas lalikulu, atsogoleri angakuuzeni mwatsatanetsatane. Pali zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho kuti auze nkhani zomvetsa chisoni za kupondereza ndi kuzunza ndale mu mzinda.

Alendo amene amapita kumalo owonera zakale izi, amatha kukhudza kutali kale.