Katswiriyo - izo ... Occupation Archeologist. Archeologists

Tchulani zinthu zofukulidwa inayamba mu Greece wakale. Mwachitsanzo, Plato anamvetsa mwa kuphunzira Mawu a kale a Kubadwa Kwatsopano amatanthauza kuphunzira mbiri ya Greece ndi Rome. Mu sayansi yachilendo, mawu amagwirizana ndi Anthropology. The Russian zinthu zofukulidwa - sayansi kuti amaphunzira zipangizo malasha imakhudzana ndi zochita za anthu kalelo. Iwo amaphunzira ndi zofukulidwa pa mphindi amagwirizana ndi minda sayansi ndipo ali zigawo zingapo polimbana ndi Nthawi osiyana ndi malo chikhalidwe.

Occupation katswiriyo - ndi m'zigawozigawo ndi chidwi ntchito

Anthu kuphunzira chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa chitukuko wakale, kubwezeretsa kale kutali zotsalira, zimene mosamala kukumba mu formations dziko lapansi. Ntchito imeneyi amafunika kukhala osamala ndi mosamala. Kuyambira pa nthawi zotsalira za m'mbuyomu kukhala lofooka ndipo dilapidated.

Katswiriyo - munthu amene tikugwira zofukulidwa pofunafuna magwero kufufuza chatsopano. Nthawi zambiri, ntchito ili poyerekeza ndi ntchito ofufuza. Ntchito ya ofukula kulenga, napempha tcheru, m'maganizo ndi maganizo chabe ayi - recreate chithunzi pristine wa dziko wakale m'mbuyomu.

Yobu zatchuka ngakhale Greece ndi Rome. Kale mu nthawi imeneyo zinkadziwika Stone, Mkuwa ndi Iron Ages, anachititsa zofukulidwa ambiri ndipo anali kwambiri wakale mapulani zipilala. Mu Kubadwa Kwatsopano, cholinga chachikulu cha ofukula anali - kupeza ziboliboli yakale yoyendera. Monga sayansi osiyana, inakhalapo mu m'ma 20.

Kodi ndi makhalidwe ayenera katswiriyo

Muyenera kudziwa mfundo za ambiri anapeza asayansi m'munda osankhidwa ntchito zawo. Izi zikhoza kukhala Neolithic kapena paleolith, yamkuwa, yachitsulo oyambirira Msukuti nthawi yamakedzana kungakhale Asilavo-Russian zakale zokumba pansi, etc. Mndandanda si wathunthu, ndipo angathe. Katswiriyo - chibvomerezo ndi chidwi, koma amafuna erudition ndi luso kuyerekeza zinthu zosiyanasiyana asayansi.

Munthu otere ayenera maganizo ndi kukhala kufotokoza amati zochokera mfundo osati kutengeka. Kungakhale kovuta, koma muyenera kupereka malingaliro awo, ngati pali mfundo kuti awatsutse. ofukula ntchito amafuna makhalidwe ofunika - ndi kuleza mtima, khama, kusunga nthawi. N'zofunika kwambiri pa ntchito yomanga.

Tiyenera ndi mphamvu zabwino ndi olimba thupi, monga ntchito ya ofukula nthawi zambiri amagwirizana ndi zofukulidwa kutenga malo zinthu zosiyanasiyana nyengo. Plus pakalibe ziwengo zipangizo organic. Katswiriyo - munthu amene ali kuchita zinthu mwanzeru, bata, kugwira ntchito mu timu.

chidziwitso chofunika

Akatswiri akhale pa ubwenzi, kujambula, chojambulidwa. Mukudziwa ndizosowa osati kubwezeretsa, komanso kuteteza zitsulo, mwala, dongo ndi zipangizo organic (chikopa, fupa, nkhuni, nsalu, etc.). Onetsetsani kuti afunika kudziŵa yotakata Anthropology, zilankhulo, ethnography, geodesy, zimachititsa chilumbachi, nthaka ndi paleozoology. Anthu ofukula amene kuphunzira mbiri ya Kale, ayenera kukhala bwino ndi mbiri ndi khalidwe wothandiza (kalembedwe numismatics, palaeography, sphragistics, heraldry ndi zambiri).

antchito ofukula munda ayenera kukhala chuma, okonza wabwino, aphunzitsi ndi zamaganizo. Koma ambiri Chofunika - iwo akhale wokhoza "dziko," kuwerenga zigawo zake ndi interlayer ndi molondola yerekezerani zotsatira za masiku amakedzana.

matenda a kuntchito

Anthu ofukula ndi matenda awo omwe kupeza mu Maulendo a. Nthawi zambiri ndi gastritis kapena chapamimba chilonda, amene ali mwachindunji amadalira khalidwe la chakudya, monga mbali ya zinthu zachilendo kwa kuphika kumeneko. la misempha ndi sciatica n'kofalanso, monga zambiri amene amafufuza zamakezana ndi kukhala m'mahema m'mikhalidwe yosiyana nyengo. Chifukwa cha ichi, pali arthrosis zosiyanasiyana ndi nyamakazi.

Ntchito ya katswiriyo ndi chiyani?

kuchita ofukula chiyani? Sikuti zofukulidwa lonse, komanso zidutswa mozaicheskimi munthu kuti tisowa kusankha bwino ndi mosamala pindani mu chimodzi. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti mayankho a zodabwitsa za m'mbuyomu amatenga zaka zambiri. Koma zotsatira zake zomalizira n'kosathandiza. Popeza Choncho nkotheka recreate kale omwe akuwoneka kuti muyaya zobisika matumbo a dziko.

kuchita ofukula chiyani? Amaphunzira magwero kuchifotokoza iwo ndipo kenako lowonjezera ndi mfundo zosiyanasiyana kale. Studies monga osati yomanga komanso gawo la desiki kumene ntchito chikuchitika mwachindunji ndi zakale ndi mapepala. Asayansi angathe ntchito osati pa dziko komanso m'madzi.

The ofukula wotchuka

Genrih Shliman - ndi German wasayansi amene anatulukira Troy. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa ofukula woyamba apainiya amene anayamba kuphunzira kalekale. Iye anabadwa 06.01.1822 chaka. Pa horoscope - Capricorn. Impso zofukulidwa ku Syria, Egypt, Palestine, Greece ndi Turkey. Pafupifupi theka la moyo wake, Henry anali kuyesera kuti asonyeze kufunika mbiri ya epics Homeric. Iye kumufotokozera kuti zinthu zonse anafotokoza mu ndakatulo za - sizongoyerekezera koma zenizeni.

Chinorowe KATSWIRI Thor Heyerdahl anabadwa mu 1914, pa 6 October. Iye walemba mabuku ambiri. Maulendo wake nthawi zonse owala, zonse zochitika amunamuna. Ambiri mwa ntchito zake kunachititsa kusiyana pakati pa asayansi, koma anali kuthokoza Tura chidwi mu mbiri yakale ya anthu a dziko kwambiri kuchuluka.

Pali odziwika bwino amafufuza zamakezana ndi Russia. Izi zikuphatikizapo Boris Piotrovsky, iye anabadwa mu 1908. M'nyenyezi chizindikiro - Aquarius. Ndi odziwika bwino Russian mbiri-orientalist ndi academician. Akatswiri manda ambiri a North Caucasus, Transcaucasia ndi ku Central Asia. Kale mu 1949 anaikidwa wachiwiri Director Science wa Hermitage.

atulukira kwambiri

Asayansi, akatswiriwa anachira 10 akupeza kwambiri a dziko lapansi, amene anapezeka pa zafukulidwa ndi:

• Rosetta Stone, anatulukira pafupi ndi mudzi wa dzina lake Rashid. Bwaloli granodiorite (mwala) mawu akuti Ptolemy V (Iguputo mfumu). Bokosili analengedwa mu hieroglyphics Aigupto, Agiriki ndi m'chinenero.
• Venera Milosskaya - wotchuka fano la Greece. Mochedwa ulamuliro wa Chihelene. Greek wamba amapezeka mu 1820 ku chilumba cha Milos. Koma manja fano kwa kudziwa ndi analephera.
• Angkor Wat (kachisi mzinda) - ndi chipilala chabwino cha Chibuda ku Cambodia. Ndi mbali ya zovuta akachisi. Iwo linatsegulidwa ndi French wapaulendo Anri Muo mu 1861. Dzina la mzinda anadzatchedwa nyengo lonse.
• Troy, Ilion - mzinda wamkulu pa chilumba pafupi Dardanelles. Troy anatchuka kwambiri chifukwa ndakatuloyi. Pa zofukulidwa anaulula zigawo chikhalidwe 46, anapatukana mu nthawi ingapo.
• Mycenae - wakale tawuni kum'mwera Greece, Argolida. Amaona pakati yaikulu ya chikhalidwe Aegean. Pa zofukulidwa m'manda ambiri anapezeka, amene anali chuma - malupanga, mphete, golide ndi siliva zinthu, masks, mbale ndi zimbale ndi coining.
• Minoan chitukuko anapeza Arturom Evansom - English katswiriyo. Pa ntchito yomanga la nyumba ndi nyumba mzinda, manda apezeka. Mmodzi wa amapeza odziwika bwino kwambiri - mwala chimbale ndi zolembedwa chinenero katswiri osadziwika.
• Machu Picchu - Inca linga mzinda wa m'kachisi. Ndinapeza katswiri wake American Hayram Bingem. Mabwinja amenewa kwabasi - mmodzi wa zitsanzo zabwino koposa za miyala yomanga posleinkskogo. Chipilala anapitiriza 200 malo osiyana ndi nyumba, akachisi ndi nyumba zogona, nyumba kumbuyo.
• kumanda Tutankhamun a pa Luxor anatulukira ndi British katswiriyo Howard chinthucho. Kumanda yokha ndi chuma chachikulu, Malemu m'manda mu mabokosi atatu, amene zinapeza malo okhala mkati wina ndi mzake.
• Birch makungwa - zochepa chabe ndi embossed pa birch khungwa. Koyamba anapezeka ku Novgorod. Ndipo kale mu 2012 panali zoposa zikwi.
• Siberia Ice Buthu - akale Malemu opezeka n'chodabwitsa Msukuti m'manda ku Altai, kumalire ndi Mongolia. zaka zake - zaka zoposa 2500.

anapezazo osadziŵika

Kodi ofukula kuchokera wamba? Pali zingapo zakale zakale zimene zimafotokoza mwachidziwikire n'zosatheka. Mantha ndi sayansi m'dera Acambaro kanjedza. Choyamba ndinapeza Mexico German Waldemar Julsrud. manambalawo zikuoneka kuti inayamba wakale, koma zinapangitsa ambiri sankakhulupirira pakati pa asayansi.

Miyala dontho - kumatikumbutsabe za chitukuko akale. Mazana a mbale mwala anapeza pansi pa mphanga, amene panalembedwa mbiri ya spacecraft lapansi. Iwo anali kuthamanga kukhazikitsidwa, amene mitembo anapezeka m'phanga.

apeza lowopsya

Mu zakale zokumba pansi, palinso ena anapeza wokongola zoopsa. Mwachitsanzo, akukuwa Malemu. Mmodzi mwa iwo anali dzanja omangidwa ndi miyendo, koma anayima akukuwa pa nkhope. Pakhala maganizo kuti iye anali m'manda wamoyo, kuzunzidwa, poizoni. Koma maphunziro zikusonyeza kuti nsagwada bwino mabandeji kapena sanachite zimenezi pa onse, kotero pakamwa Malemu linali lotseguka.

Archeologists aona chiombankhanga chachikulu ndi zoopsa zosadziwika. Ndipo adapeza chigaza ndi mbalame yaikulu kokha kutsimikizira asayansi yokoma zokwanira, ngati chilombo kukumana aliyense pa njira yake. Koma patapita kuti anali makolo akale a Moa mbalame. kukula kuposa chinthu anthu a 2-3. Akuti zikuoneka kuti mbalame lidakalipobe mpaka pano, ndipo n'zotheka kuyesa kupeza malo ku New Zealand. Mbadwa za dziko lino kwambiri nthano zokhudza Moa.

zida ofukula

Pa ntchito yomanga ntchito makamaka mtundu uwu chida: mpeni, mafosholo ndi fosholo Kulemekeza, masaizi osiyana zokumbira ndi makasu, munda mafosholo, matsache, tirigu nyundo, nyundo ndi maburashi zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. ntchito katswiriyo kungakhale kovuta, makamaka pamene muli ndi kukumba n'chodabwitsa lalikulu.

Mfundo yofunika ndi ntchito zolondola pa chinthu. Ndipo kuthekera kosankha chida anakhumba n'kofunika nayenso. Mutu yomanga osati oyang'anira thanzi la zakale koma kumathandizanso ntchito burashi chabwino ndi fosholo.

Kodi kukhala katswiriyo

Phunzirani mmene mungathere nthawi zonse komanso kudzera m'makalata. Katswiriyo - chibvomerezo kuti zikhoza kugulidwa ndi aliyense amene ali msana chifukwa wakale ndi zofukulidwa. Kuchita izi, kupita ku koleji, yomwe imaphunzitsa mbiri yakale. Ndi maphunziro ku chilango ichi tsono angathe zikugwira ntchito yomanga ndi ena malangizo. Katswiriyo - izi ndi wazambiriyakale. Komabe, mosiyana otsiriza, izo zikuchita osati ndi kuphunzira chiphunzitso, komanso ndi kusaka wake ndi ikufotokoza kalekale.

malipiro katswiriyo

Russian malipiro pafupifupi pafupifupi 15 chikwi. Rubles. Koma mmodzi yekha ulendo Archeologist angalandire 30 chikwi. Rubles. Malipiro m'mizinda yosiyanasiyana zingasiyane. Mwachitsanzo, mu Moscow, ndi ranges ku rubles 20 30 chikwi. Mu zigawo, akuti pa 5-7 zikwi zochepa.