Khansa lilime: Zizindikiro. upo oncologist

matenda Oncological bwanji mbali yaikulu ya anthu. Mukhoza mwadzidzidzi nokha kapena pafupi ndi khansa khungu, uterine, chifuwa, magazi ndipo ngakhale khansara pansi lilime. Anthu yamasika mukudziwa wamng'ono, chifukwa chimodzi cha owopsa. Koma palibe matenda sizibwera monga choncho. Chirichonse ali ndi chifukwa, m'pofunika kulabadira zizindikiro pa siteji oyambirira. Mungadzitetezere, muyenera kudziwa za khansa onse.

Ndi chiyani icho?

Mu khansa lilime kumvetsa chotupa chotupa chija, wopangidwa ambiri a squamous maselo zaminyewa. Chenjezo woyamba pamaso pa chamoyo matenda ambiri ananyalanyaza, chifukwa yekha mu magawo kenako n'zotheka oterewa chinenero khansa. Zizindikiro makamaka bwanji M'mimbamo m'kamwa.

Matendawa ambiri mwa anthu kuposa akazi. Folk azitsamba kuthetsa mawonetseredwe, koma osati kwathunthu anachiritsa akhoza. Chithandizo salamula ndi oncologist dokotala anapatsidwa mtima munthu ndi siteji ya chitukuko chotupa.

pachiopsezo

matenda konse kumachitika chifukwa, imadalira ndi lilime khansa. Zizindikiro ndikofunika kuphunzira kudziteteza ku mavuto. Nthawi zambiri pa chiopsezo ndi amene poyera matupi awo kuti zinthu zotsatirazi:

• kusuta;
• zonse kwambiri kumwa mowa;
• masticating zosakaniza mankhwala osiyanasiyana;
• osauka chisamaliro m'kamwa;
• mankhwala ndi matenthedwe amayaka;
• kuwonongeka kwa zachilengedwe makina a chinenero.

Mwatsoka, ambiri a zinthu izi ambiri kale zizolowezi, nze m'moyo wawo wonse. Ndithu chinthu chopusa kuwauza ndekha kuti ngati zaka zisanu Kusuta sunayambe khansa lilime, kale izo sizidzakhala konse. Neoplasm angayambe kukhala zaka ngakhale pambuyo 20 kusuta, kapena kumwa zakumwa amphamvu.

matenda precancerous

Pali matenda, ndipo amatchedwa precancerous. Awa ndiwo kuyamba kukhala ndi patsogolo, ndipo mapeto ake chitukuko cha oyambirira khansa siteji ya lilime.

Njirazi ndi monga:

• aakulu chilonda;
• matenda Bowen ndi;
• glossitis;
• kukokoloka;
• leukoplakia.

Ngati iwo ankachitira, kudzakhala kovuta kupewa chinenero cha khansa. Ayenera kukumana mayeso zachipatala nthawi zonse, kapena chipatala chigawo lidzaloŵa m'malo Hospital ndi Cancer.

symptomatology

Kuti onse anathetsa kwambiri, muyenera kudziwa mmene kuzindikira khansa lilime. Zizindikiro amene anaona nthawi, mwina pamapeto pake kupulumutsa miyoyo, kuyambira nthawi wayamba mankhwala - chinsinsi bwinobwino matenda.

Pa mimba chinthu choyamba mu mawonekedwe a anthu zindikirani pamaso pa zilonda. Iwo amaoneka mwadzidzidzi kapena m'chinenero, kapena mkamwa ndipo ankachiritsa. Pang'onopang'ono, iwo akhoza kukula kukula, kuchititsa kuyabwa, kupweteka, ndi khalidwe la kudula ndi moto.

Pa magawo oyambirira kuoneka zomverera chowawa pakamwa. Iwo akhoza isanafalikire pa m'kamwa, masaya komanso pakhosi. Ambiri a zisindikizo za khansa ili mu gawo lateral, kumverera kotero zopweteka zambiri amapezeka. Tikaumbike ndi mucous nembanemba ozungulira minofu. Mwina yochitidwa mawanga. Nthawi zina, squamous selo carcinoma a chinenero sangakhoze wapezeka mpaka pali metastases.

Imalandira kuwonongeka kwa chinenero, nayenso, ndi chizindikiro cha matenda. Pamodzi ndi chotupa magazi amakhala okhudzidwa yekha mu magawo ina.

ndipo mfundozi akhoza zimachitika zizindikiro:

• Ululu mu kachisi, makutu, pakamwa, khosi. Iwo zosamukasamuka m'chilengedwe.
• Pokwiya pakhosi, ululu pamene Pomeza.
• Lekeza zosasangalatsa mpweya.
• dzinolo. Chimasonyeza choncho pamene metastases bwanji pachibwano.
• Kutupa kwa nkhope ndi khosi.
• Kugwiritsa katulutsidwe malovu chifukwa cha mkwiyo wa M'mimbamo m'kamwa.
• thupi okhonda kumverera mu mmero.

Ngati zizindikiro za khansa kumenyana zofunika kuthana kwa dokotala, osati kuyesa kuchiza ndi mankhwala wowerengeka. Self-kokha kuvutika matenda.

N'zosavuta kupeza?

A mitundu yonse ya khansa chophweka njira kupeza ndi lilime khansa. Zizindikiro ndi isanafalikire mu imodzi mwa madera ambiri wosakhwima, kumene ngakhale kusintha zazing'ono ndi yomweyo noticeable.

Komabe, pa kudziwika pakamwa kusapeza Sikuti nthawi yomweyo kuika matenda. Izi zimafuna upo wa oncologist lapansi. A dokotala woyenera popanda movutikira kwambiri ngakhale zowoneka zindikirani pamaso pa kusintha pathological. The zinkakhala m'dera ndi maonekedwe awo losiyana kwambiri ku thanzi. chisindikizo Zimenezi zingakhale imvi kapena pinki mtundu, wandiweyani zowawa wofiira kugundana.

siteji

Malinga pafupipafupi yatsoka mu malo oyamba ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa mbali padziko wachitatu pakati lilime, pa chachiwiri - khansa ya lilime, nthawi zina mungapeze chotupa dorsum ya lilime. mitundu onsewa ndi dongosolo limodzi kudziwa magawo, akuti:

• Gawo 1. Nthawi imeneyi chotupa limapezeka kukula yaing'ono, zambiri zilibe upambana 2 cm. Kwambiri ndichifukwa ili mu mucosa ndi submucosa. Kufalitsa metastases ndi okhudzidwa lymph mfundo sichinafike kumeneko.
• Gawo 2. Chotupa chikamakula, ndiko kuposa 2 cm koma osapitirira 4. zizindikiro zilizonse za kukhalapo kwa metastases mu mfundo za lymph kapena ziwalo zina angasonyeze upo yekha wa oncologist lapansi. Kawirikawiri, metastases ali wapezeka ndi chibwano m'dera pansi pachibwano.
• Gawo 3. Chotupa uyamba kufalikira patsogolo, nalanda ambiri a chinenerocho. Kodi pang'onopang'ono kusuntha pansi chinenero, kuti chinenero lonse limakhala sayenda osauka.
• Gawo 4. chilankhulo cha chisindikizo kwakhudza kale mbali yaikulu ya izo, wayamba kuloza ku fupa. Metastases kungakhale m'manja immobile. Isanafalikire m'dera limodzi.

Malinga siteji ya khansa dokotala amasankha zimene mankhwala ayenera kupatsidwa.

mawonekedwe metastases

Metastasis lagawidwa mumaonekedwe atatu.

• Choyamba - chilonda. Pamene ichi mawu, iwo magazi ndi kukhala m'mbali losongoka.
• Chachiwiri - papillary, chidindo lili pamwamba pa lilime. Komanso, Tingaone pa m'mbali mwa lilime, kumbuyo, pamwamba pansi. Kwambiri waulesi mawonekedwe kukula chotupa.
• Chachitatu - walowerera, yodziwika ndi maonekedwe a zisindikizo mu malo khansa akufotokozera, pa kukhudza pang'ono anamva ululu. Chisindikizo ali m'malire n'chiyani, amakhala ngati kugundana padziko lilime. Zilonda pamene kwathunthu chosowacho.

chosaopsa

Kawirikawiri, koma zimachitika chotupa si chinenero cha chotupa chija. Pankhaniyi, zingakhale:

• Hemangioma. matenda zingakhudze masaya, m'kamwa, milomo ndi m'kamwa. Maphunziro ali buluu wofiirira kapena bluish mtundu ndi kumawonjezera ndi maganizo kapena pa thupi. Ngati chotupa kuti akanikizire, iwo amayamba kutha. Mankhwalawa ndi radiotherapy opaleshoni kapena osakaniza.
• Language Chotupa chija. Chifukwa cha kuphwanya embryogenesis. Chotupa limapezeka muzu wa lilime, ndi ku 1 masentimita kukula. Izo kumawonjezera pang'onopang'ono limakula pang'onopang'ono. Iwo ali yosalala pamwamba. chithandizo opaleshoni.
• Dermoid. formations oterowo m'dera chibwano pansi pa kamwa. Opaleshoni kuchotsa mosavuta kuthetseratu matenda.
• Posungira cysts. Kodi kupanga pa lilime ndi masaya mu mawonekedwe a vesicles ndi okhutira wandiweyani.

diagnostics

Wopambana chithandizo akhoza kupereka matenda yake. chidwi ziperekedwe ku dziko ya mucous lilime, m'kamwa. Pa kudziwika kwa nthawi yayitali kuchiritsa zilonda, mawanga woyera kapena wofiira mwamsanga kupita kwa dokotala. Kodi matenda ngakhale pa kuona koyamba.

Kuti chithunzi thunzi chokwanira cha matenda ndi kufala kwa maphunziro, m'pofunika pochitika cytology. Iwo anayamba Hospital Cancer ndi oncologists. Ntchito ndi njira yodziwira ngati kulingalira maginito malumikizidwe, biopsy, yopangidwa tomography.

chithandizo

Mankhwalawa angathe kutenga malo mu mbali ziwiri: zochizira matenda metastatic kapena opaleshoni, zotsatira radiotherapy pa chotupa chotupa. Pa magawo oyambirira bwinobwino ntchito cheza amasintha khansa lilime. Kuti madokotala ananena zawo izi wolemera - 60-85% milandu pamapeto pa mankhwala wathunthu. Ngati ophatikizana opaleshoni ndi cheza kuwasokoneza, ngati nkotheka kuchiza 94% odwala.

Opaleshoni chithandizo cha Mtsikana wotere odwala, ndipo si mwa ntchito, ndi kuti, pambuyo yacimwemwe wodwala opareshoni a chatsitsa kwambiri. Pambuyo resection wa tsaya, m'kamwa zibowo zam'mano, m'kamwa, nsagwada, mavuto lilime ndi kudya, ntchito kulankhula. Komabe, nthawi zina m'pofunika chifukwa chakuti zinkakhala m'dera mwina pathupi ndi kusiya njira izi zitha kuchotsa m'dera vuto.

Kuwonjezera njira resection ntchito Banha, Crile, kapena excision minofu khomo lachiberekero. Pankhani ya unresectable, kapena ngati pali metastases angapo ndipo wodwala akukana alowererepo opaleshoni, mankhwala amphamvu ntchito. kuchira sizitanthauza izo. Wopambana chithandizo cha matenda kutalikitsa moyo wa wodwala ndi zaka zisanu kapena kuposerapo, koma izo zidalira pa siteji ya matenda, kukula, metastasis, akukhudzidwira thanzi ndi zaka za wodwalayo.

kupewa

Lanzeru kupewa khansa ya lilime. Chithandizo mu nkhani iyi si chofunika. Kuteteza zikuphatikizapo makamaka kutha wathunthu wa fodya. Zimenezi zikugwira ndudu, mapaipi, zindudu, hookahs, mankhwala ndi zoledzeretsa. Kumbukirani kuti kuwonjezera khansa ya lilime kuti kungakhale khansa ya m'mapapo ndi matenda ena ambiri. Pambuyo m'pofunika kulabadira mowa ndi kuyesa kuchepetsa kuti asatayike.

Popeza kuti amuna ena amakhala kuposa akazi kukhala khansa ya chinenero, ndi chifukwa ndendende chakuti ndi amuna amene amasuta kwambiri ndi kunyeketsa mowa. Koma mu kachitidwe aposachedwapa a fodya wamkazi ndi uchidakwa, chifukwa akazi ayamba outpace anthu ziwerengero zoipa zimenezi zidzachitika.

Chingalepheretse chitukuko cha matenda otsatirawa ukhondo wapakamwa.

Muyenera nthawi potsuka mano m'mawa, asanagone ndipo makamaka iliyonse chakudya. Nkofunika kukumbukira nthawi kukaona wa mano chifukwa mano chovunda ndi zinadulidwa ndi chifukwa choipa pamwamba yowawitsa ya lilime ndi m'kamwa mucosa.