Kodi kudzala mbewu mpendadzuwa pansi lotseguka, mbande? Kodi kudzala mpendadzuwa yokongola?

Kodi kudzala mpendadzuwa? Mwina ambiri amaganizira ndondomeko motere: pali munthu pa munda ndi amwazamwaza mbewu. Koma zinthu siziri mophweka, ngakhale chikhalidwe ndi wodzichepetsa kwambiri, ndipo ambiri aona zomera pa roadsides (zambiri, mbewu wagwa kuchokera kudutsa galimoto ndipo utakula). Kuti mudziwe mmene kudzala mbewu mpendadzuwa ntchito kapena kutchire ayankhidwa mu pepala ili.

mpendadzuwa

Mpendadzuwa mu pachimake kwambiri ndi zokongola kuchokera July kuti September. Ndi chomera apachaka amene angachotse maluwa ndi kutalika mamita atatu. Ngakhale pali mitundu ya osatha kuti akhoza zimafalitsidwa ndi kugawa chitsamba m'dzinja kapena masika.

zomera dziko - North America. Kukula makamaka kwa mafuta kupanga. Akukhulupirira kuti ndi mmodzi wa mbewu oyambirira kuŵetedwa, amene amalimidwa anthu. Akukhulupirira kuti mpendadzuwa ankatchedwa chikhalidwe kwathu tirigu. Panopa pali za 90 mitundu yake (annuals ndi perennials).

yokonza mbewu

Ngati pali funso mmene kudzala mpendadzuwa, ndiye choyamba tiyenera kusamalira kukonzekera ndi masankhidwe a mitundu mbewu. Anthu ambiri amakonda kulima makamaka yopangira mbewu - chokoma "zosangalatsa" kwa anthu onse m'banjamo.

Choyamba, calibration ikuchitika mbewu mokwanira. Iwo ayenera kukula yomweyo, wokhathamira, osati imawonongeka.

Siteji yotsatira - kuvala mbewu. wamaluwa odziwa kulengeza ntchito zikuchokera kuti: Mince adyo, anyezi wothira mankhusu (mulingo ofanana), kenako anathira madzi otentha. malita awiri a madzi kutenga magalamu 100 a adyo. The osakaniza Anaphatikizanso kwa masiku, Usatong'olere kudzera cheesecloth.

Asanadzalemo mbewu akhathamiritsa usiku. Mankhwalawa yosavuta ali ubwino wake: choyamba, ndi wochezeka, "ululu", ndipo kachiwiri, fungo lakuthwa m'mbuyo tizirombo ndi makoswe kudya mbewu. chitetezo zina kuchokera kwa mbalame akhoza kuziluka pamwamba pansi woyera ulusi.

Posankha malo

Mpendadzuwa kukatenga malo lotseguka. Izo ziyenera kuunikila tsiku nyale maola osachepera 6-8 tsiku. Komabe, zomera chitetezo mphepo. Kodi kudzala mpendadzuwa? Pansi makoma a nyumba kapena pamodzi mpanda - amadziwika kuti wamaluwa ambiri. Zimenezi zochimwazo kumathetsa mavuto awiri mwakamodzi: Miyambo kuteteza zomera mphepo, ndi mpendadzuwa eni chokongoletsedwa. Iwo sangakhoze kutseka mpanda kwambiri wokongola kapena wonyozeka wokhetsedwa chifukwa zipangizo.

Nthaka ayenera kukhala yachonde, n'zotheka ndi okhutira pafupifupi dongo. Pa m'madambo, mchere, nthaka acidic kukula mpendadzuwa sadzatero. Njira - wakuda nthaka, mgoza ndi dothi imvi nkhalango. The m'mene miyambo ya sangakhale nyemba, matimati ndi Beet shuga. Pambuyo pawo, nthaka akhala kwambiri asafe. Ndi bwino kubzala mpendadzuwa pamalowa pambuyo mbewu.

kukula mbande

Taganizirani mmene kudzala mbewu mpendadzuwa. masiku 25 pamaso pa ankafika ankayembekezera mbande mu nthaka yotseguka makapu kapena mapoto yaing'ono anabzalidwa mbewu. Angafikemo makapu pepala kapena peat miphika. Pakuti mbande yabwino limafunika chakudya kuwala. Ndiye mphukira ndi wobiriwira ndi mwamphamvu (osati anatulutsa).

mbewu ayenera madzi, kukhalabe chinyezi nthaka. A masabata mphukira adzawonekera. mbande wamkulu obzalidwa pansi lotseguka, chotsatira lolingana ankafika kalasi chiwembu.

Thirani njira si oyenera mitundu yonse ya chikhalidwe, koma ndi dongosolo amphamvu muzu mosavuta kupirira kumuika.

Kufesa mu nthaka

Asanadzalemo mbewu ya mpendadzuwa mu nthaka otseguka, ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti bwino analimbikitsa. Kutentha kungakhale m'munsimu ⁰ 8-12 C pa akuya 10 cm. Nthawi kubzala anatsimikiza ndi chizindikiro ichi ndi zingasiyane malingana ndi nyengo. Kawirikawiri izi ndiye chiyambi kapena pakati pa May.

Kutentha akadakwanitsira mbewu - 10-12 madigiri. Zikumera akhoza kuoneka pasanathe masiku 15 pambuyo kufesa. A m'munsi kutentha (madigiri 6-8) kangachedwetse kumera, iwo kumera pa tsiku 20 kapena ngakhale patapita. Culture mosavuta kulekerera kuzizira -5 ⁰ C, sikutanthauza ulimi wothirira mvula.

chikhalidwe zimadalira kukula, mmene kudzala mbewu ya mpendadzuwa mu nthaka. Small ndi yokongola zomera obzalidwa pansi chiwembu 30x50, lalikulu - kachikumbutso pepala. 75x90, lalikulu kwambiri - 90õ120 masentimita kuya akhoza zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira masentimita 5 kuti 10 cm m'madera kumpoto, komanso mmoyo kusankha mitundu. The bwino kutaya mbewu 2-3, kuwaza pansi, madzi ndi kamukamu.

zomera kukongoletsa

Choncho mmene kudzala mpendadzuwa yokongola ndi zosavuta kuposa masiku amakhala chokongoletsera mabedi ambiri maluwa ndi malo wakunja kwatawuni. Iwo safuna kudzala mbewu, safuna kutsatira njira kuti imathandizira pa kumera wa mbewu, processing wa tizirombo. ntchito ndi kupeza maluwa okongola, ndipo si zokoma.

The zosiyanasiyana sukulu, kukongola kwake, ruggedness wa kulima kupanga "dzuwa maluwa" kulandira pa chidutswa chilichonse cha m'dziko. Chepetsa chitsamba ndi zambiri maluwa mwanaalirenji kukongoletsa iliyonse kanyumba kapena dziko nyumba. Iwo akhoza bwinobwino zibzalidwe mu gulu mitundu angapo mpendadzuwa (mtanda kubereketsa zomera si kwambiri) pamodzi mpanda kapena mpanda nyumba munda.

Nsonga wamaluwa

Pamene, kumene ndi mmene kudzala mpendadzuwa, aliyense nyakulima kusankha. A ochepa nsonga:

• Kuwasankha mbewu kubzala. Ndi chikhalidwe cha mtanda kubereketsa zomera, kotero ntchito mbewu zosiyanasiyana, zomwe mwakula mu dera kwa zaka zoposa ziwiri, osavomerezeka. Adzakhala ambiri chopanda kapena ndi madengu yaing'ono zipatso.

• Kwakukulu mtunda wa pakati pa zomera, mbewu adzakhala zikuluzikulu. Izi ndi zoona makamaka kwa zomera chimphona.
• cm lalikulu pakati pa mbewu kubzala ndi mbande akhoza kundiuza kuti iwo akhala kuonongeka ndi makoswe kapena kudyedwa ndi Mbalame. Reseeding zingachititse kuti zokolola m'munsi.
• Kuonetsetsa mwamtendere kumera, imachitika maphunziro ena. Iwo ankawaviika m'madzi, atakulungidwa mu gauze kapena nsalu ina pa kutentha 20 ⁰ C. Atangomva zikumera choyamba (kawirikawiri 2-3 masiku), iwo anabzala mu nthaka.
• Mpendadzuwa limakula bwino mu Beets ndi mbatata makampani. afesedwa wake pakati pa mizere ya masamba.
• Sikuti kukhala chikhalidwe cha zaka zoposa zitatu mu mzere pa malo omwewo. Zomera kwenikweni akuyamwitsa zakudya dothi. Yopuma kulola mpumulo m'dziko ndi muchisiye tizirombo ndi.
• Mpendadzuwa limabweretsa kuwala okonda zomera. Anabzala thickly izo sizingakhale - madengu yaing'ono.
• Kusankha mbewu quality, ndi njira yosavuta. Mu 5% mbewu saline oyenera kubzala, patapita mphindi 5-10 adzapita pansi, ndipo iwo anasankha.

Zothandiza zimatha mbewu

Zochitika monga mpendadzuwa anabzala kulikonse, mosadziwa akafunsa kuti, phindu la chikhalidwe.

Asayansi yaitali kuphunzira mbewu, ndi yolondola - achenes (otchedwa zipatso za mpendadzuwa) ndi kuzindikiridwa ndi makhalidwe ena angapo ake. Iwo apeza kuti ntchito mbewu:

• Izo kumathandiza chitukuko cha atherosclerosis;
• Ali ngati chotchinga cha chitukuko cha khansa;
• bwino mtima;
• Izi zimathandiza kusintha tsitsi, khungu ndi misomali;
• Imakhala thupi ndi zinthu zofunikira, chifukwa muli calcium, phosphorous, potaziyamu, magnesium, chitsulo, mavitamini A, B, E;
• Iwo chindiletsa ukalamba msanga wa chamoyo.

Wodzichepetsa ntchito - kuwonekera mbewu - palokha limakhala chododometsa zabwino ndi mfundo chisoni kanthu. osuta ambiri ntchito mbewu kuchotsa zizolowezi zimenezi. zakudya zopatsa thanzi kwambiri kuti akhale mwamsanga ndipo mosavuta njala.