Kodi kulemba essays pa nkhani zinenero zina? Nkhani zitsanzo mutu zinenero

Nthawi zambiri, ophunzira a sukulu 7-9 ya sekondale sukulu ndi ntchito imene anapatsidwa alembe nkhani pa nkhani chinenero. Kodi cholinga chachikulu cha ntchito yonseyi chiyani? Cholinga chawo ndi kuphunzitsa ophunzira kuti aganize awo alembedwe. cholinga ndi kuonjezera msinkhu wawo odziwa malamulo ndiponso kusintha kalembedwe ka luso la ntchito malamulo a chinenero cha Chirasha. Kuti nkhani-mtsutso pa mutu zinenero kutenga mphambu mkulu, ziyenera kulembedwa ntchito aligorivimu ndi malinga ndi bwino, zofuna anawapatsa. Nkhani adzakhala anafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane dongosolo la kulenga ntchito. Ena mwa nkhani ntchito zinenero wa DPA nawonso kuperekedwa malemba (2014).

ntchito Kufotokozera

Kusonyeza mtundu limasonyeza wophunzirayo kulemba mwachidule chiweruzo ndi Russian zilankhulo Stepanova V: "dikishonale ukusonyeza, zimene, ndi galamala - mmene anthu.". ntchito amadziwikanso kufunika Fotokozerani yankho lanu. Nyimbo phunziro chinenero, zitsanzo zomwe zowoneka akutsimikiza kalembedwe ndi lexical mawonetseredwe mu lemba ayenera kukhala ndi mfundo - akupanga kwa izo. Malinga ndi ntchito, mu nkhani pamwamba, ophunzira ayenera mwachindunji chiwerengero cha maganizo, amene amanena, kapena ntchito lemba. Chitani amapereka journalistic ndi sayansi kalembedwe wa ulaliki zoti tisankhepo. Pa yemweyo mutu zinenero ayenera kukhala ndi kuwuluridwa. Monga chiyambi olembedwa ntchito mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito mawu Stepanova GV The buku la ulaliki lonse sayenera mawu zosakwana 70. Pamene ndinali kuwerenga nkhani, mmene kulemba essays pa mutu chinenero, inunso muyenera kuganizira wophunzira kufunika kugwilizana ndi kalata ndi bwino legible cholembedwa.

kapangidwe

Ndiye kodi kulemba essays pa mutu ayenera chinenero, chotsatira zofunika zina, muyenera kudziwa pa zifukwa ziti akutsatiridwa mayikidwe dongosolo la malemba. Kenako, ganizirani zofunika kuti ndi zenizeni mtundu wa ulaliki. Nkhani pa mutu zinenero zikuphatikizapo Ndime zotsatirazi:

1. Kulowa (anafotokoza nkhani yolembedwa).
2. Unit chachikulu (apa ndi kofunika kutsimikizira anawonjezera malo mafotokozedwe ndi zitsanzo).
3. Kutsiliza (kuganiza).

Zitsanzo pa nyimbo zinenero nkhani adzapatsidwa.

kulowa

Mu kale anafotokoza atakhala wophunzira anaitanidwa kuyamba kulemba mawu a zilankhulo Stepanova GV Komabe, maganizo ndi okha umboni, ndipo ngati akufuna, tingalisiye, kuvina kwa ulaliki wa nkhani yolembedwa ndi. Nkhani yolembedwa - ndi zinadziwika kuti m'kupita kwa mtsutso kutsimikizira. Kulowa muli zinenero zikuchokera pa phunziro, ayenera kukhala kuli bulky poyerekeza ndi unit chachikulu. M'mawu ena, kwa ulaliki wa nkhani yolembedwa ndi zokwanira kulemba za zitatu ziganizo. Pali zidindo angapo kulowa kusankha:

1. Wotchuka Soviet zilankhulo Stepanov, B. ankanena kuti chinenero dikishonare mapulogalamu, zimene, ndi galamala - mmene anthu. Tiyeni tiyese kumvetsetsa tanthauzo la aphorism izi.
2. Ine kwathunthu kugwirizana ndi mawu a zilankhulo wotchuka Stepanova GV chinenero kuti dictionary mapulogalamu, zimene, ndi galamala - njira anthu.
3. "Language Dictionary ikusonyeza zimene anthu akuganiza, ndi galamala - momwe iwo amachitira izo," - anati academician Stepanov GV kudziwika zilankhulo ufulu chifukwa cha anthu kukambirana kungabweretse kunena zambiri za iye. Tiyeni titsimikizire izi.
4. "Dictionary a chinenero ikusonyeza zimene anthu akuganiza, ndi galamala - momwe iwo amaganiza," - analemba Academician Stepanov GV Nanena zilankhulo wotchuka ndiloona, monga chikhalidwe cha maganizo ndi kulankhula ndi inextricably zogwirizana ndipo pangano kwa mlingo wa chisamaliro ndi maphunziro munthu. Tiyeni tiyese akutitsimikizira izi ndi zitsanzo konkire.

Ngati n'koyenera, kulowa mwina ananyamuka paokha, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mawu ofanana matanthauzo zotsatirazi ndi PAD mawu wosalira ndondomeko:

• Zilankhulo, Academician, zilankhulo katswiri, zilankhulo, wolemba ndemanga, Stepanov GV
• Ganizo kukangana anakambirana analemba.
• Aphorism, nanena, kuganiza, chiweruzo, maganizo, mawu, kunena, mawu.
• Woona,, mosakayikira, indisputably m'mbali.
• Ine sindingathe kusagwirizana, Ine kwathunthu kugwirizana, ine kugawana maganizo, Ine kugwirizana, ine kuthandiza maganizo.
• N'zosakayikitsa wolemba maganizo ... wolemba akukhulupirira kuti ... ndi chikhulupiriro ichi ndi wolungamitsidwa.
• Timasonyeza, kutsimikizira, Mwachitsanzo, kutsimikizira, zimasonyeza, ife adzamvetsa.
• Mu lingaliro langa, ine ndikuganiza, ine ndikuganiza, ine ndikuganiza, mu lingaliro langa.
• Kumene, ndithudi, kumene.

Unit chachikulu

Ndiye kodi kulemba essays pa mutu ayenera chinenero, modalira chithunzi lili pamwambali, ndiye muyenera kudziwa kuti ambiri mwa mabuku a voluminous kwambiri poyerekeza ndi oyamba ndi mapeto. Pa ulaliki wake ayenera:

• Zilankhulo kumveketsa tanthauzo la mawu m'njira payekha.
• Tsimikizani ndi kalembedwe ndi lexical mawonetseredwe a chinenero cha Chirasha pamaziko a mawu osachepera awiri.

Kudzapereka Mbali yaikulu ya zotsatirazi mitu nkhani angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa mutu zinenero:

1. Lingaliro la chinenero. Kufotokoza za gawo loyamba la mawu a Stepanova GV
2. Lingaliro la galamala. Kufotokoza za gawo lachiwiri la Stepanova GV
3. Interconnectivity galamala mawu.

Mutu wa ntchito pa mutu wa zinenero akhala anafotokoza bwinobwino, kungakhale kothandiza zipangizo zambiri ndi zidindo.

Lingaliro la chinenero. Kufotokoza za gawo loyamba la mawu a Stepanova GV

1. Mawu - ndi mawu losatha la chinenero ntchito ndi anthu zolankhula zawo za tsiku ndi tsiku. Mawu ali chinyezimiro cha maganizo a munthu, ndipo Motero, chinenero - ndi kuponyedwa maganizo athu. Ndiko mawu a Academician Stepanova G. V., chinenero dictionary zikusonyeza kuti zimene anthu akuganiza.
2. Lexicon (mawu ntchito ndi anthu funso) chimasonyeza maganizo a ozungulira mawonetseredwe anthu a chowonadi, kuti ali chithunzithunzi cha maganizo ake. Izi anali wotchuka Soviet zilankhulo Stepanovu G. V. chifukwa chikhulupiriro cholimba kuti "chinenero cha dikishonare zikusonyeza kuti zimene anthu kuganiza."
3. Mawu (kuchokera Greek Lexikos -. Mau, mwa mawu) - m'ndandanda wa mawu. Mawu amenewa amatchedwa mawu a m'zinenero mu dziko. Ndi mawonekedwe a chikumbumtima, kusonyeza dziko maganizo anthu komanso cha nzeru za zinthu ozungulira.
4. Mawu - ndi mtundu wa anthu boma amazindikira, kusonyeza nzeru zake ndi mfundo pa zinthu. Kupyolera mu chinenero wabadwa lingaliro - mawu MAONEKEDWE ENIENI chikugwirabe anthu. Ndicho lotanthauzira tanthauzo mawonekedwe a maganizo aliwonse, ndiye kukonzanso amalenga ndi kusonyeza chinachake mwa mfundo zenizeni mawu.

Lingaliro la galamala. Kufotokoza kuti mbali yachiwiri mawu Stepanova GV

1. Galamala - malo a zilankhulo, kuphatikizapo malembedwe ndi kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe. Chotsani chidziwitso cha galamala osati kuthandiza munthu molondola ndi momveka bwino chotheka kuti afotokoze maganizo awo. Kufufuza chikhalidwe chake, khalidwe lokonda ena ndi mtendere wamumtima.
2. Galamala (Grammatike (kuchokera Greek) -. "Luso la kulemba") - nthambi ya zilankhulo, ozikidwa pa kuphunzira dongosolo kalembedwe ka chinenero. Galamala ndi ubale plexus ndi khalidwe awiri zokhudzana - kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe, ndi malembedwe. Ndi kuyamika galamala MAONEKEDWE ENIENI ganizo zimatengera thupi khungu mwini. galamala kudziwa amapereka mwayi kuti akonze akuti coherent ndiye anamanga mawu ndi bwana.
3. Kulankhula chinenero cha dziko si mwamwambo mawu amenewa. Bwino, n'kofunika osati kupeza mawu abwino, komanso kulumikiza iwo molondola, kuika m'ndondomeko, n'kukhala maonekedwe yoyenera ndiye woyenera mu pempholo. Izi zimathandiza kudziwa bwino malamulo galamala - gawo la zilankhulo kaphatikizidwe kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe ndi malembedwe a chinenero pa nthawi yomweyo.
4. Kuti amange chiganizo kapena mawu amenewa amasonyeza kuganizira, osati zokwanira kukatenga angapo mawu ndi kuwasandutsa kunena. Oyenera mwa cholinga cha kamangidwe ndi kuyankhula pa kudzifutukula mawu ake. Pankhaniyi, iwo ayenera olumikizidwa pamodzi mu dongosolo yeniyeni kuti akonze dongosolo zomveka phunziro, makamaka m'gulu la kulankhulana nkhani. A malamulo kwa gulu la dongosolo ngati mawu payekha analamula osakaniza awo ndi zina ndi categorical kusintha lililonse ankaphunzira galamala sayansi.
5. Galamala - luso kulemba ndi kulankhula bwino. Chidziwitso cha chilango chimenechi ndicho chinsinsi ntchito olondola a mawu kulankhula ndi kuthandiza tanthauzo lake zina m'lembali;
6. Galamala ndi malamulo pa kutembenuka ndi kuphatikiza mawu chiweruzo, ndipo ankaona kuti lamulo chinenerocho, popanda zomwe zingakhale mawu onse anagona akufa ndi mfundo katundu. Kuti dongosolo osiyana, yolimbikitsa mu dongosolo lonse, kupanga chiganizo watanthauzo, ayenera kusintha ndipo adzaikidwa m'ndondomeko. Izi zachitika popanda chidziwitso cha galamala sangathe.

galamala Interconnectivity ndi mawu

Soviet academician Stepanov GV akulankhula za umodzi wa thupi ndi chinenero cha wokhutira. Cultural chitukuko cha maganizo ake ndi umakhudza chitukuko cha mawu. N'chifukwa chake ubale wa galamala ndi mawu adzadziwika. Kudziŵa malembedwe zofunika, kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe, komanso mawu wolemera, kuthandiza munthu kuti momveka bwino ndi bwino kufotokoza maganizo awo. Zonsezi zikusonyeza ubwenzi wolimba ndi khalidwe awiri, ngakhale kuti iwo ali mbali zosiyanasiyana za chinenerocho. M'zinthu izi kalembedwe ndi lexical lemba akhale mabwenzi zotsatirazi wina ndi mnzake:

• kugwilizana;
• zikusiyana;
• kulongosolerana ndi yothandiza.

Kusiyana pakati pa amalanga awiri ndi kuti malamulo ali osiyanasiyana zochitika za generalization wa dziko kuposa mawu. Kutiumba zofanana mwambo woyamba zili bwana amapereka mwayi kuweruza Bodza kapena choonadi cha ndemanga papulatifomu. Izi zikugwirizana kwathunthu ndi dictum Stepanova G. V., omwe angaphunzitse losavuta akuti "Kaya anthu anene zimene, zofunika - mmene iye amachitira izo," ie galamala amapereka chifaniziro loona, pamene mawu amatha bwino chinthu maganizo woona ya woyankhula. Choncho, mtundu wa maganizo , ndipo izo zikusonyeza munthu alili.

Zimafunika kutsimikizira mfundo

Kusankha mitu zinenero kwa essays, ophunzira ayenera kumvetsa mmene azenga pa nkhani yolembedwa anafotokozedwa ndi zilembedwe za lembalo. Mu nkhani iyi, shutter liwiro ntchito ayenera kutsatira zofuna zotsatirazi:

• Chiwerengero cha zitsanzo, ayenera kukhala osachepera awiri.
• Extracts adzatengedwa lemba mwachindunji.
• zitsanzo zimenezi ziyenera bwino zikusonyeza kusiyana mawonetseredwe kalembedwe ndi lexical chinenero.
• Quotes ayenera kutsatira ndi kupereka mtengo wa zodabwitsazi.

Onaninso zitsanzo lemba la ntchito popanda kutaya kukhulupirika kwake ndipo zamalumikizidwe pogwiritsa ntchito zotsatirazi dongosolo kulankhula:

• Kuti atsimikizire mau awa, tiyeni tione ... lemba akufuna.
• Bwino zikusonyeza kalembedwe otchedwa (lexical) mtengo akhoza kukhala chitsanzo ... cha izi umafuna malemba.
• CHITSANZO kalembedwe (lexical) amasonyeza lemba Tingaone mu chiganizo № ...
• N'loonadi athandizira akhoza zikutsimikiziridwa ndi chitsanzo cha ... umafuna, pamene wolemba Malemba amagwiritsa ntchito kalembedwe (lexical) zochitika monga ...
• Pothandizira zigamulo zake akhoza kutenga chitsanzo kuchokera ... umafuna anapereka malemba, zikusonyeza izi galamala (lexical) chodabwitsa.
• Taganizirani ... maganizo, amene amagwiritsa galamala (lexical) chodabwitsa, monga ... chiweruzo Zimenezi zikusonyeza kuti ...

Njira mfundo kubweretsa

Fanizo zochitika lexical m'lembali:

"Mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito mawu maganizo ndi limaonetseratu (" wamantha Kalanga "), ndi mawu khalidwe (" masanje "," kukonza ") mu chifanizo cha heroine (bwana 34, 35, 38), wolemba a m'lemba ikufotokozanso za nkhanza ndi mwano m'maganizo ana ".

Fanizo la zochitika kalembedwe m'lembali:

"Mwachitsanzo, bwana nambala 19 ndipo chiwerengero 20. Ife tonse tikudziwa mawu akuti" chonde. "Ndi muyeso wa ulemu ndi kulemekeza kwa chipani ena. Komabe, ngati ife tisanthule malo mawu kulingana ndi maganizo amenewa, kuti, taganizirani kapangidwe kalembedwe Mawuwo, ndiye muona kuti mawu akuti "chonde" si mbali ya chiganizo yapita ndi wodziimira syntactic dongosolo. palemba limeneli, wolemba amagwiritsa malembedwe ya kulandira "parcelling", motero limakhulupirira fulakesi amapereka kotentha. "

Pomaliza

Otsiriza ntchito, komanso kulowa ake, sayenera upambana voliyumu ya chipika waukulu lemba. Mbali imeneyi ndi kwanzeru za m'mbuyomu anafotokoza ndi kusonyeza mfundo nkhani yolembedwa mu chitsimikiziro wake.

Yambani otsiriza ntchito angakumane ndi mawu otsatirawa:

• Choncho.
• Amatanthauza.
• Apitirizebe
• Motero.
• Mwachidule zafotokozedwa pamwambapa, ife anazindikira kuti ...

Mapeto a chitsanzo:

"Motero, munthu aliyense si kuganiza bwino, komanso kwambiri molondola zakukhosi kwawo kulankhula Iwo mfundo imeneyi ankatanthauza kuti ife Stepanov GV, kukangana kuti dictionary chinenero ikusonyeza zimene anthu akuganiza, ndi galamala -. Monga iwo amaganiza. Apa mmene kulemba essays pa mutu wa zinenero ".