Kodi kupanga imodzi mwa dzanja. Imodzi kwa Kutentha kapena Aquarium ndi manja awo

Russian yozizira kusiyana ndi ukulu wake ndi ozizira kwambiri, monga amadziwika onse. Choncho, chipinda imene pali anthu amene ayenera usavutike. Chapakati Kutentha ndi amene ambiri, ndi ngati unavailability akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta munthu kukatentha. Komabe, nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti palibe mmodzi kapena ena palibe Mwachitsanzo, kutchire ndi chipinda chaching'ono ikukoka siteshoni madzi, imene ntchito wotchi makina. Zimenezi zingakhale chipinda chimene lalikulu m'chipululu nyumba kapena anzake asamuone nsanja. Zitsanzo kokwanira.

zinthu kunja

nthawi zonsezi amakakamizidwa kunyamula Kutentha chipangizo zamagetsi. Kwa zipinda n'zotheka kuchita wamba magetsi mafuta rediyeta, ndi zipinda zazikulu zambiri kukonza madzi Kutentha ndi radiators. Ngati inu musakhale diso pa kutentha madzi, ndiye m'kupita kwanthawi akhoza kuwira, chifukwa cha zimene mphika lonse akupita pansi. Kupewa Zikatero, ntchito thermostats.

mbali chipangizo

chipangizo akhoza zimagwirira ntchito ogaŵikana mayunitsi angapo osiyana: ndi kachipangizo kutentha, ndi comparator, ndi chipangizo katundu kulamulira. Ndiponso, mbali zimenezi anafotokoza. Mfundozi kuti nchofunika kuti imodzi mwa dzanja. Pankhaniyi, makonzedwe akufuna imene kachipangizo kutentha ndi wabwinobwino ochititsa kuti transistor, kupanga zingatheke kuthetsa ntchito thermistors. kachipangizo Izi zachokera chakuti magawo a transistors zipangizo michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi mokulirapo zimadalira kutentha yozungulira.

zina zabwino zofunika

Kujambula imodzi ndi manja awo zizichitidwa ndi nkhani lamulo la zinthu ziwiri. Choyamba, ndi chizolowezi zipangizo zodziwikiratu kuti autogeneration. Pankhaniyi pakati pa chipangizo yoyendetsa ndi kachipangizo imodzi wayikidwa mgwirizano wamphamvu kwambiri pambuyo kuwombera lophimba yomweyo akutembenukira kutali ndi ndiye kachiwiri. Zimenezi zidzachitika milandu kumene sensa ili umakhala pafupi yozizira kapena muzitentha. Kachiwiri masensa onse ndi zinthu zamakono pali molondola zina. Mwachitsanzo, munthu akhoza kuyan'ana kutentha kwa mlingo 1, koma zedi ang'onoang'ono kovuta kwambiri younikira. Pankhaniyi, ndi zamagetsi yosavuta akuyamba akalakwa zambiri kutenga matanthauzo njira yekha, makamaka pamene kutentha ndi pafupifupi wofanana ndi womwe walembedwa pa ntchito.

The ndondomeko ya kulenga

Ngati ife kulankhula za mmene kupanga imodzi ndi manja awo, ndiye ife tiyenera kuti pali thermistor sensa, kuchepetsa kukana ake pa ndondomeko magetsi. Iwo ali nawo mu dera la wogawira voteji. dera lilinso ndi variable resistor R2, umene kuika kutsegula kutentha. Ndi voteji wogawira umaperekedwa kwa kapena mchitidwe 2I, amene kuwonjezekeredwa mu mode inverter, ndipo kenako m'munsi mwa transistor kutumikira monga arrestor kwa capacitor C1. Izo, nawonso, chikugwirizana ndi athandizira (S) RS-pepala-kulephera, amene anasonkhana pa peyala ya zinthu, ndiponso Muzifunsa wina kapena 2I. Ndi wogawira voteji ndi athandizira kapena 2I, amene akulamulira athandizira chachiwiri (R) RS-choyambitsa.

Kodi ichi chimagwira ntchito

Motero, tikambirana momwe kulenga imodzi yosavuta ndi manja awo, kotero ndikofunika kumvetsetsa mmene ntchito mu zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Pa thermistors mkulu kutentha yodziwika ndi voteji otsika, choncho pali voteji wogawira, amene amaona ngati mfundo ziro. The transistor motero anatsegula, kuti S-Muzifunsa pepala-kulephera anazindikira zomveka ziro, ndi capacitor C1 akatulutsidwa. Pa linanena bungwe la pepala-kulephera wayikidwa unit zomveka. The kulandirana ali mode ON, ndi transistor VT2 ndi lotseguka. Kumvetsa mmene kupanga imodzi, ndi Dziwani kuti kukhazikitsa ili la kulandirana ndi umalimbana yozizira chinthu, ndiko kuti, madzulowo zimakupiza pa kutentha.

kutsitsa kutentha

Pamene kutentha kuchepa thermistor kukana ukuwonjezeka, imbaenda ndi kuwonjezeka mu wogawira voteji. Panthawi ina, transistor VT1 kutseka zikachitika, inatuluka capacitor ndi C1 akuyamba nawuza kudzera R5. M'kupita apo pakubwera nthawi kukwaniritsa mlingo wa zomveka wina. Iwo umaperekedwa kwa athandizira imodzi D4, ndi Kulowetsa yachiwiri amafotokozera izi aziwapatsa wogawira voteji. Pamene zolowetsa onse kukhazikitsa gulu zomveka, ndipo pa chinthu linanena bungwe pali ziro, ndi pepala-kulephera adzakhala kusinthana kwa boma zosiyana. Pankhaniyi, kulandirana adzakhala wazimitsa, umene zimitsani fani, ngati n'koyenera, kapena kuyatsa magetsi a. Choncho n'zotheka kuti imodzi kuti ndi m'chipinda chapansi ndi manja awo, kuti chimathandiza ndi disables fani ngati n'koyenera.

Kuwonjezeka kutentha

Choncho, kutentha anayamba kuculuka kachiwiri. Zero wogawira adzaoneka woyamba pa limodzi la D4 athandizira, aziwachotsa ziro pa athandizira choyambitsa n'kubweretsa ndi mmodzi. Komanso, monga ukuwonjezeka kutentha adzakhala ziro mu inverter lapansi. Pambuyo kusintha pa unit transistor adzatsegulidwa, chifukwa mu kumaliseche selo C1 ndi ziro zinalili ndi choyambitsa athandizira kuti disables ndi coolant usavutike mu dongosolo madzi Kutentha chikukhudza fani. Chotero thermostats kwa Kutentha, ndi manja ake ntchitoyi bwino ndithu.

Midadada C1, R5 ndi VT1 tinapangidwa kuthetsa autogeneration, chifukwa iwo anapereka kuchedwa kupita. Zimakhala osiyanasiyana monga masekondi angapo maminiti angapo. Tikambirana njira imodzi mwachilungamo wophweka, kulenga yake, kotero unit pamwamba komanso kumatha kachipangizo zophukiranso kutentha. Ngakhale ochepa woyamba zimachitika Zimachitika transistor kwakufunguka, ndipo kumaliseche yomweyo ya capacitor lapansi. Komanso, jitter adzakhala ananyalanyaza. Pakutha kwa akubwereza transistor zinthu. Nawuza capacitor limayamba pokhapokha zimachitika zophukiranso lomaliza. Ndi oyamba a pepala-kulephera mu dera akulephera kupereka kulandirana ntchito molondola. Monga amadziwika, ndi choyambitsa mwina maudindo awiri okha.

msonkhano

Kuti apange imodzi ndi manja anu, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito yapadera dera bolodi, limene chiwembu lonse adzachotsedwa theka njira. Mukhozanso ntchito kusindikizidwa dera bolodi. Chakudya akhoza kukhala mu osiyanasiyana 3-15 volts. kulandirana ayenera anasankha malinga ndi ichi.

A njira imeneyi zikhoza kupangidwa kwa imodzi Aquarium ndi manja awo, koma dziwani kuti ayenera Ufumuyo kunja kwa galasi, ndiye mavuto ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana osadzuka.

The kulandirana pamwamba ananena kuti anasonyeza ntchito kwambiri kudalirika. kutentha anakhalabe ku mkati timene digiri. Komabe, mwachindunji amadalira nthawi kuchedwa chimafotokozera R5C1 unyolo, komanso zimachitika kuti opareshoni, i.e. mphamvu ya chotenthetsera kapena wozizira. The kutentha osiyanasiyana ndi lolondola unsembe wake wogawira resistors anatsimikiza ndi kusankha. Ngati inu adzipangira imodzi ndi manja ake, ndiye iye sayenera kukhazikitsa, ndipo akuyamba ntchito yomweyo.