Kodi kupulumuka ndi ngozi ndege? Anthu amene anapulumuka pa ngozi ya mpweya

A nambala yaikulu anthu akuwopa ntchentche kufa. Iwo kuwerenga za mmene kupulumuka ndi ngozi ndege, podziwa kuti angakhale yaing'ono zimenezo. Ngakhale mwayi kuti ngozi ndi apamwamba kwambiri mantha msinkhu ndi kuthedwa nzeru. Koma yankho la funso ngati anthu anapulumuka ngozi ndege - inde. Ndipo ichi ndi zolimbikitsa. Komanso, ena mwa iwo anatha kupulumuka akukhala aliyense anafa. Ndipo chomaliza koma osati chosafunikira izo zinachitika chifukwa zochita zawo wololera.

Zimayambitsa n'zimene mpweya

Chance kufa pa ndege zambiri zokayikitsa kuti awine njuga. Komabe, kangapo pachaka zimachitika tsoka, ponena miyoyo ya anthu ambiri pa nthawi. Mwachibadwa, ndi wochititsa mantha, ngakhale akadali opulumuka Ronaldo. Photos pa ngozi malo kotero chidwi kuti ambiri otsekula amakana kuwuluka ngati pali zina zimene mungachite. Koma ngati inu mukuganiza chiyani za izo, onse chimodzimodzi ndege - mmodzi wa mwanjira zabwino kwambiri zoyendera. Inde, ngati momwe zinalili ina, pali chiopsezo. Ndipotu zifukwa chinachake mukhoza kupita cholakwika, osati kwambiri.

Choyamba, ndi chinthu anthu. Izi ndi zambiri chifukwa monga zolephera zida popanda nawo anthu - nkhani yosowa. machitidwe onse chitetezo ndi lingafanane ndi kufufuzidwa pamaso pa ndege, pamene maluso anthu, kuphatikizapo anachita nthawi, chidwi, liwiro ndi khalidwe la kupanga zisankho sali angwiro. Mu 70% milandu, pamene pali zochitika zina nkhanza, ndipo popanda iwo, tikulankhula za zomwe anthu achita chinachake cholakwika.

Otsala 30% ya chala zolephera luso zosagwirizana ndi kulakwitsa kwa anthu, komanso zimayambitsa zovuta. Chimodzi modzi zambiri zokhudzana chochitika, ndipo akhala chinsinsi.

Ndege zojambula ndi zonse zilibwino, akatswiri, zamagetsi ndi akatswiri ena akugwira ntchito kuchepetsa nawo anthu ndege. The Interstate Aviation Committee, maboma, makampani opanga ndege - mu akufufuza zimayambitsa chilichonse chochitika ndi chidwi ambiri a maphwando, ndi chifukwa kwapatsidwa kuiganizira. Ndipo popeza amakhala kawirikawiri okwera onse popanda yekha, mu nkhani zawo, zikuonekeratu mmene kupulumuka pa ngozi ya ndege. Ndipotu, n'zotheka ndithu, ngakhale ngoziyi inkachitika pa msinkhu waukulu. Ndipo makamaka anali anthu, opulumuka ngozi ndege kuti chinachitika pansi. Choncho muyenera kupulumutsidwa?

Itawonongedwa ndege yaikulu

Tsoka choopsa, kutanthauza kuti anayenera ndege, ankaona kuchita zigawenga zimene zinachitika September 11, 2001. Pa tsiku limeneli, unapha pafupifupi 3000 anthu. Komabe, mosamalitsa kulankhula, MASOKA izi si ataphimbidwa ndi tanthauzo ngozi ndege, kutanthauza kuti Championship akadali osati kuseri kwa iwo.

• Ochuluka kuposa mawu a chiwerengero cha anthu amene chimaonedwabe tsoka pachilumba cha Tenerife, komwe kunachitika mu March 1977, pamene msewu wonyamukira ndege kugunda pakati pa ndege. Total unapha pafupifupi 600 anthu. Nkhani anapulumuka mu ngozi yoopsa moyo - chiwerengero cha opulumuka okwera 12 malingaliro ndimitambo.
• Mu 1985, dziko chidwi ndi ngozi yaikulu ku Japan. The ndege kuugwira zinachititsa kuti akuvutika 520.
• zipolowe wina, koma nthawi iyi mu mlengalenga, kunachitika mu November 1996 ku India. Pafupifupi 350 akufa.
• Mu March 1974, chifukwa cha decompression kuphulika, pafupi Paris, ndege inaonongeka Airlines Turkey. ovutikawo anali anthu 346.
• Kuukira kumene kunachitika mu June 1985, makilomita 70 kuchokera Nkhata Bay Irish anapha yonyamula anthu 329 pa bolodi.
• Mu August 1980, chifukwa cha moto pa bolodi m'dera la Riyadh anali akuvutika chifukwa cha anthu 301.

Only 30 100 waukulu mu mbiri ya ngozi ndege chinachitika mu zaka za m'ma XXI. Kodi anthu anapulumuka pa ngozi ya? Kumene, ngakhale aliyense. Kumene, pambuyo pa zonse, ngakhale ngozi ambiri aang'ono, anachita kufufuza, zotsatira za zimene zimachititsa kusankha angathe kukhala pa kulimbitsa kukhwimitsa chitetezo pabwalo la ndege, kuwongolera ntchitoyo opha mpweya magalimoto ndi zina pansi, komanso kamangidwe ka ndege ndi kuyambitsa kachitidwe kasamalidwe latsopano. Kotero chaka chilichonse mwayi kuti apulumuke ngozi, ngati izo zichitika, akupeza apamwamba. Ndipo kwambiri kuthekera pakuwonekera kwake - onse pansipa.

Kodi inu apulumuke ngozi?

Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti n'zosatheka mwamtheradi. Pamalo okwera mamita 10,000 ndi ozizira kwambiri, otsika mpweya, ndi ndegeyo silingakhale zofewa. Komabe, mfundo, komanso nkhani ya amene anapulumuka ngoziyi, kuti kuthekera zotsatira bwino ndi pafupifupi nthawi zonse.

M'gawo yapita ndife akuvutika ochuluka kuposa ngozi, koma pali zochitika zambiri zimene chiwerengero cha anthu amene akhala kochepa kapena wolingana ndi ziro. Kumene, poyamba pa zonse izo zimatengera pa zochita za oyendetsa ndi oyendetsa ambiri, komanso okwera okha, ngati kulenga mantha ndi kukhala odekha zinthu yovuta angapulumuke.

Choncho, kodi ndi moyo ngozi ndege? malangizo Wonse pa momwe angachitire, kulibe, koma inu mungakhoze basi kudziwa ndiponso kutsatira ena ayamikira pa siteji ya malipiro ndi chiphaso. Chabwino, ngati mavuto mwadzidzidzi chiyani uka, ndiye, osalephera, ngati analowa achibadwidwe, ngakhale kuti ndi bwino kukhala ndi mutu ozizira.

Malo otetezeka mu kanyumba

Akukhulupirira kuti m'madera ena ndege pa ndege ali abwino kwambiri kupulumuka kuposa ena (vuto la mwadzidzidzi). Ambiri, izi ndi zoona. Atafufuza pa ngozi zimene zachitika zaka 30 zotsiriza akutitsimikizira izi, komanso anapulumuka ngoziyi. Photos of zombo anawononga tidzapeze maganizo. Koma zinthu oyamba.

Choyamba, pafupi kutuluka bwino - izi ziri choncho. Moyandikana kuti mwadzidzidzi kapena wokhazikika zitseko sungathe kupulumutsa miyoyo pa nkhani zina, koma ngati inu sangachitenso mantha kuchita chilichonse bwino. lingaliro ndi kutsegula kwa mwadzidzidzi lotulukira - adalira kwa ntchitoyo, koma ungathe kuchita galimotolo ngati n'koyenera.

Kachiwiri, kumbuyo mbali ya ndege ndi zambiri abwinopo kusiyana kutsogolo. Pamene mutu pa mwansanga, msewu wonyamukira ndege ulendowu, moto ndi zina zotero. D. Kodi zambiri woyamba kuvutika ndi kanyumba la ndegeyo ndi madera ozungulira. Ngati chombo wotaya kulamulira, mchira ndipo tidakocheza kumbuyo uta. Choncho, nthawi zina, si mipando omasuka kwambiri akhoza kupulumutsa miyoyo - mwayi kuno, kapena zochepa bwino akamaliza ndege ukufika 66%. Nkhani anapulumuka pa ngozi nthawi zambiri akutitsimikizira izi, koma ndi chenjezo limodzi - muyenera kuchita zinthu.

Kayendesedwe kanthu

Opulumuka ndi ngozi ndege Russia kapena kunja, akhoza kukuuzani ena mokoma amene adziwika kale kwa onse, koma mwanjira nthawi kuiwala. Ziyenera kukhala kubwereza kachiwiri.

Choyamba, mukhoza kuyamba mochuluka kunyumba - kuvala zovala omasuka pa ndege, si asagwiritse kayendedwe, ali mu dzanja m'chikwama chinachake ofunda. Zokonda ayenera thonje ndi ubweya, popeza woipirapo. Komanso kulabadira nsapato chitonthozo.

Kachiwiri, muyenera kumvetsera adalira pa briefing lapansi. Inde, ndithudi, amene kuwuluka kangapo pachaka, malamulo amenewa amaoneka kuti ukhale wotopetsa ndi bwino popanda kubwereza. Koma zoyenera kamodzi kuganiza kuti malangizo amenewa angakhale othandiza. Ngakhale amene anamva iwo mobwereza bwereza, pa nthawi yobvuta akhoza kusokonezeka ndipo mantha osati kuchita zinthu molondola, pamene oyendetsa zimaphunzitsidwa zonse. Nkhani ya anapulumuka ngoziyi apeza kuti kumvetsera atumiki ndege n'kofunika kwambiri.

Chachitatu, atakhala mu malo ake, m'pofunika kuchita zinthu ziwiri: saika mu chipinda chapamwamba kwa thumba lolemera, kuwerenga mizere ya mipando pakati pa linanena bungwe ndi zina, ndipo kumbukirani chiwerengero chimenecho. Mu utsi aone ndi pa ziro, ndipo kudziwa zimenezi, akhoza kupulumutsa miyoyo.

Chachinayi, mwamsanga pamene timu anafika kulumikiza mpando m'zikwama zanu, m'pofunika kutero. Ngakhale pamene anaona kumeneko akutembenukira kutali, ndi bwino kuwasiya mu malo omwewo. Ngakhale ngati yonyamula ankalowa mu woyendera nthambi ya kugwedezekagwedezeka, si ofunika kuika thanzi lanu - chamutu si wosangalatsa kwambiri kuyenda pandege.

Ichi ndi chimene muyenera kudziwa ndi kuchita, nditangokhala pa malo ake mu yonyamula ano. Chabwino, ngati izo zidzakhala za mmene kupulumuka ndi ngozi ndege, muyenera kuganizira zinthu payekha, ngakhale kuti ali ndi zambiri zofanana. Kumene, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri bwino kuchita ngati ngozi mwadzidzidzi - inaphulika, kugunda, etc. Koma ngati pali kuthekera, tiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito 100 peresenti ...

Kulephera kwa ulamuliro, ndi ndegeyo molimba

Kusokonekera kwa zamagetsi ndi zipangizo zina - nkhani yosowa. Ndipo ngati ndi vuto lalikulu akadali zimachitika ndipo mwina amaona anthu, mavuto aakulu zambiri kuyambitsa ankafika mwadzidzidzi pa ndege yapafupi. Komabe, sizikutanthauza kuti zonse zili bwino - mu nkhani ya kuwonongeka aliyense amene ali pa bolodi, oyendetsa ayenera kutsatira malangizo. Imeneyi, choyamba zonse zikudalira aliyense adzatha sitiyenera kuda nkhawa. Pangakhale zosayembekezeka ndi mosayembekezeka ayendetsa, kukhuthula msinkhu, ambiri, chinthu chofunika kwambiri muyenera kuchita -. Kulumikiza ndi kumangitsa lamba, kuchotsa khosi mipango, ubwenzi, unyolo ndi zina zotero E., Taganiziraninso mmene angakwanitsire kuchoka mwadzidzidzi ndi kuugwira mtima.

Ngati kuyembekezeredwa kuti ndegeyo zovuta, m'pofunika kukumbukira udindo wapadera kuti adzateteza mutu ndi thupi ku kuvulala zosafunika. mpando ayenera kukhala mu malo olungama, galimotolo akukhala zoipa ndi manja ake pa nsana wa kutsogolo, amasiyiratu mutu wake pa iwo. Njira ina - muyenera maondo ngati kuli kotheka, kukumbatirana yekha m'chiuno ndipo mutu wake wakhazikika pa mawondo ake. Ndi kudziwa ichi wapulumutsa munthu wa ku Netherlands 9 wazaka, pamene ankafika ku Tripoli, kupha oposa zana achibale ake a mnyamatayu. Kamodzi zimaonekeratu kuti chinachake cholakwika, ngakhale si woyendera nthambi ya kugwedezekagwedezeka, m'pofunika kuti atenge mwa matumba a zinthu zonse zakuthwa umene ungamuphe choipa.

decompression

Depressurization la kanyumba - kwambiri osati pafupipafupi, koma zikuchitika chodabwitsa. Ngati izi si decompression kuphulika, zomwe zinachititsa ndege kwenikweni kugwa popanda, ndiye mwayi wopulumuka kuwonongeka wabwino. The vuto lalikulu mu nkhani iyi - hypoxia. Zikatero, ndi kanyumba ndi masks mpweya, zomwe zili pamwamba pa mutu galimotolo ndi kuthamangitsa basi kutero. Mwamsanga pamene iwo anawonekera, nthawi yomweyo iwo, osati kokha unkagunda nkhope. Amene silipita ana, m'pofunika kuti akathetse achibadwidwe makolo ndi kusamalira nokha yoyamba. Inde, mu nkhani iyi ndi bwino kusonyeza cholinga wathanzi, chifukwa ngati munthu wamkulu wotaya chikumbumtima, zikuthandizani ana ndiribe wina. Nthawi yomweyo ayenera kukonzekera mwadzidzidzi wa okwera - malinga ndi malangizo ake, ndege adzakhala yafupika mwamsanga. Pamene enawo, kachiwiri, ayenera kukhala odekha ndiponso kutsatira malangizo onse ochokera kanyumba.

Mu ichi ndi nkhani yapita, ndi ndegeyo zovuta ndi zofunika kuopa moto ndi utsi. Ngati zimenezi zachitika, choyamba, pita monga otsika ngati n'kotheka ndi kuteteza dongosolo kupuma, ndipo kachiwiri, kuphimba ndi bulangeti kapena zobvala zokhutala thupi, kuthawa moto lotseguka, ndipo chachitatu, kupanga njira zawo kuchoka iliyonse mwadzidzidzi, kuyesetsa kupewa makamu ndi kugonthetsa . Nkhani anapulumuka pa ngozi, chimene chinachitika pa Pago Pago mu 1974, zimakhala zosavuta zikusonyezera. okwera 97 anatha mofulumira kuti atuluke mu ngalawa moto, kuyesera kusiya pakhomo kutsogolo, pamene anapulumuka anayi a anthu mwayi tinatsiriza m'malo.

Atilanda ndege

Chifukwa cha khama la mayiko onse kulimbana uchigawenga imeneyi angatchedwe n'zokayikitsa kwambiri. Koma ndi bwino kudziwa zoyenera kuchita pa nkhaniyi. Mokulira zinthu akhale pafupi zofanana monga ena akapolo iliyonse - ndege sasiyana wachibadidwe. Monga mwa wina aliyense wa mwadzidzidzi anafotokoza, inu ayesetse kukhala bata kwambiri. Ngati, pa hijacking munthu akavulala, muyenera kumuthandiza, osati kuvumbula okha ku ngozi. Sikuti kuutsa zigawenga kuti wolusa kwambiri, anakwiya, kukuwa kapena kulira mokweza. kayendedwe No mwadzidzidzi kukana, makamaka ngati palibe maluso kofunika. Pamene akapolo kutenga, zokambirana pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo anayamba umalimbana atamasulidwa. Akapanda panthawi ina ayamba kuukira. Ndipo apa pali chinthu ophunzira mungachite - kugwa pansi, maso otsekedwa, makutu, motero m'pofunika apatuke osatsegula lapansi. anthu ophunzitsidwa mwapadera kuthana ndi neutralization la zigawenga kuposa anthu ophweka, ndi zina kuchita osachepera akuvutika amene pambuyo pake anatha amatiuza mmene kupulumuka pa ngozi ya ndege. Makina, X-ray makina, mapulogalamu wapadera kuthandiza kusankha okwera makamaka Muzisamala kwa kafukufuku wapadera - umisiri watsopano kumathandizanso kuti amenyane uchigawenga.

splashdown

Kuwonjezera chakuti kale zanenedwa za ankafika yovuta, imeneyi, muyenera kukumbukira zovala pangozi m'madzi zili wapadera kuti zasungidwa uliwonse mpando. Malinga ndi gulu adalira kapena ayi, ngati zinaonekeratu kuti ndegeyo zinachitika pa madzi, muyenera kuti ndi kuika pa. Pambuyo pake, muyenera kusiya kanyumba kudzera lotulukira chadzidzidzicho ili mapiko. Sikuti kudumpha ngati chute mwadzidzidzi si kufalitsidwa - kutalika kuzungulira 3 meters. M'pofunika kubweretsa bulandi mu malo ndi Wopanda pa mapazi ake m'mimba oyamba m'madzi. Pamakhala kuyembekezera thandizo ndi kuyesa kusuntha. Bulandi amapulumutsa asafe koma ku hypothermia, sakhoza kuthetsa. Mu 2009, ndi chida anathandiza 13 wazaka zonyamula wa Owapulumutsa ndi kudikira kudza amene anatenga pafupifupi 14 maola.

bwanji opulumuka

Man - cholengedwa za mwayi zosaneneka. Mu umphawi wadzaoneni, anthu ambiri zodabwitsa za mphamvu, kupirira, nzeru. Wina amazipanga mwayi, ndi munthu wapulumutsidwa chifukwa chakuti zonse zichitike molondola. Pali ochititsa zitsanzo zingapo za mmene anthu zinthu, opulumuka ngoziyi. Koma ndi tchulani angapo ofunika.

N'zovuta kukumbukira wotchuka Vesna Vulovic, amene angatiuze mmene kupulumuka mu ngozi ndege kugwa kwa kutalika mamita 10,000. Inu mukhoza kunena kuti iye anali mwayi: pa nthawi ya ngozi iye anakomoka pamene mchira ndege, kugwa moderated mitengo ndi matupi a anthu ena apaulendo, koma izo mofulumira kwambiri azindikira kuti ngakhale ngozi zazikulu ndi yaitali konzanso, iye anali wokhoza kubwerera mwakale moyo pambuyo pa zaka 1.5 pambuyo pa tsokalo. Komabe, kukana ake chifuniro moyo ndi mtima zosatheka.

Kumene, panali anthu opulumuka ngozi ndege Russia ndi USSR, akusonyeza kukhala weniweni otchuka. Chitsanzo chimenechi - Larisa Savickaya akugwira umboni kuti Vulovic. Nkhani za mmene anthu kupulumuka pa ngozi ndege, ndi kuchilingalira. M'chaka cha 1981 iye ndi mwamuna wake atangobwera kumene kuchokera kokasangalala wathu, pamene mwakwera yonyamula inawombana ndi ndege za nkhondo. Adalira mamembala anaphedwa yomweyo, ndege unasweka mu zidutswa, ndi zinyalala zinayamba kugwa pansi. Pa nthawi ngozi Larisa mtulo pini ndi kutentha dontho. Iwo anatenga Mphindi 8 kugwa zinyalala pa nthawi imene zinali kufikira anafika pa birchwood, pansi ndegeyo. A maola ochepa anakhala chikomokere namudzutsa, anapeza pafupi ndi thupi la munthu. Iye anapezeka patatha masiku awiri pamene Owapulumutsa salinso ankafuna kupeza anapulumuka. Mwa njira, ndinazindikira Larissa, nthawi ina iye anakumbukira yanthaŵi filimu "Zozizwitsa akadali kuchitika," umene mtsikanayu kupulumutsidwa, iye Adapendekera ku mpando, popanda m'chiuno kwa izo.

Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, ndi chokulungira filimu anawomberedwa mbiri wina mtsikana amene angatiuze mmene kupulumuka ndi ngozi ndege ndi kufikira anthu kudutsa m'nkhalango. 17 wazaka Julian kapu anaulukira ndi mayi ake maholide Khirisimasi kwa atate, koma ndege sanali kutha bwinobwino. Ndi msinkhu wa makilomita 3 ndege inaonongeka m'nkhalango kwambiri pambuyo kugwera phiko mphezi wake ndi moto. Kwa masiku 9, mtsikana, kujambula pa chidziwitso rainforest ndi bambo ake, kuyesera kulalikira kwa anthu, ndipo iye anakwanitsa. Iye anali wopulumuka yekha.

Choncho, monga zanenedwa, yankho la funso ngati n'zotheka kuti usafe ngozi ndege, ndi positive. Pali zitsanzo zambiri za mmene kupulumutsidwa mozizwitsa, ndi zotsatira zabwino kudzera kanthu amazindikira bwino. Choncho musanyalanyaze malangizo wotopetsa - pambuyo pawo ndi moyo wa munthu.