Kodi kusintha mogwirizana kwa anthu ndi chikhalidwe? Mgwirizano pakati pa mwamuna ndi chikhalidwe

Monga amadziwika, thupi la munthu akhoza silingayende mosiyana chikhalidwe. Man ndi mbali ya biosphere ndi zigawo zake, chamoyo wake. Development wa anthu ndi nkhani za mbiri yakale, m'pofunika kuganizira dongosolo la mogwirizana ake ndi chikhalidwe. Pa yemweyo nthawi ikuyendera patsogolo sayansi ndi luso mu nkhani iyi si nthawi zonse ntchito kuti athandize mwamuna. Kodi kusintha mogwirizana kwa anthu ndi chikhalidwe Tingaone mu chimango cha magawo waukulu Kukwezeleza zakakhalidwe ndi mbiri yakale.

Mbali wosazindikira chitukuko

Ino ndiyo nyengo kudalira chachikulu cha munthu kuchokera mu chirengedwe. Kwenikweni, pa siteji iyi ya chitukuko cha munthu si mudzipatule ku izo. Komanso, zinthu zonse zachilengedwe ndi zochitika iwo anapatsidwa moyo (animism), ndipo ena akhala chinthu chopembedzedwa, mu maso a munthu kupeza zotsatira Mulungu. Chifukwa chikhalidwe cha munthu inaimitsidwa makanema ojambula ndinali kulankhula ndi nyama ndi zomera pa mlingo chosaoneka ndi maso wapadera. Komabe, mwayi umenewu kwapatsidwa kokha kwa asing'anga, koma ankakhulupirira kuti nthawi zina, anthu ambiri akhoza kulankhula ndi mizimu.

Antropologizirovanie chirengedwe chinali ngati cholinga kumvetsa izo. Ndimapanga kuyang'ana kwa dziko m'chifanizo chake ndi mawonekedwe a munthu nthawi yomweyo anasonyeza ulemu ndi mantha. Komabe, ndi chitukuko cha zida wosazindikira, komanso "kuweta" moto munthu wayamba kulowerera mbali mu dongosolo zachilengedwe. Komanso, amakamba za kusintha mogwirizana kwa anthu ndi chilengedwe, tisaiwale mbali yofunika kwambiri mu ndondomeko za kusaka. Wopambana kusakasaka zimachititsa kuti munthu zochepa amadalira chilengedwe, kuwonjezera kwa iye azidzidalira ndi nzeru zawo.

The kusintha kwa siteji zipatso

Osati kokha chitukuko cha zida, komanso zinthu, prerequisites wauzimu ndi chidziwitso cha chitukuko cha anthu, atsogolere kusintha kwa foraging kuti zakudya monga minda. Choncho, pali Kugawilidwa kwanthaka wa dziko payekha kwachilengedwenso. Imodzi, mmene anthu pa chikhalidwe, kuwonjezera buku la ankadya zachilengedwe. Man salinso okha nyama komanso kukafufuza, iye akufotokozera ntchito yatsopano - ulimi. Kwa Vernadsky zikamera wa ulimi kunasintha mbiri ya chitukuko cha anthu. Komanso kutsegula mtundu wa ulimi, kuti zikugwirizana anthu ndi chikhalidwe ankatchedwa "Neolithic zisinthe", ndi zinthu izi chinachitikira ndi chiyambi cha Neolithic.

ubwenzi wa anthu ndi chikhalidwe masiku ano

Nthawi imeneyi chiŵerengero anthu chikhalidwe amaloŵamo kusintha kwakukulu. Kwenikweni Mulungu m'malo mwa akamanena za chikhalidwe yothandiza. Nature wobwezera chinthu chitukuko yeniyeni ndi gwero la sayansi. Pakati pa ideologues cha mtima watsopano kwa nyama ndi zomera - Bacon. Munthu woyamba iye ankaikira chitukuko cha chikhalidwe empirically.

Modern (anthropogenic), siteji ya chitukuko

Choncho, taona momwe zimachitika pakati pa anthu ndi chikhalidwe ndi nkhani za mbiri yakale. Kodi tinganene chiyani za nthawi yathu? Mosakayikira, zamakono wafika msinkhu kochuruka kwa chitukuko, zomwe kukodzedwa kwambiri mwayi kuti azikachita zachilengedwe. ubwenzi wa anthu ndi chikhalidwe pa mbali opangidwa siteji yotsatira amasiyana:

- pali kulimbitsa kuthamanga anthu kuti chilengedwe yaikulu (kutambasuka kukhudzana m'dera) ndi mphamvu (minda kutambasuka kusonkhezera) mawu;

- cholinga kanthu anthu kusintha nyama ndi zomera;

- kuphwanya bwino zachilengedwe: chifukwa vuto kuchuluka pa chilengedwe pakati pa anthu, topezeka alibe nthawi kuti achire moyenera;

- kukula kuopseza mavuto amene amadza chifukwa cha anthu pa chikhalidwe.

kubwezeretsa vuto Zachilengedwe

A vuto osiyana ndi vuto la chuma exhaustible achilengedwe. Zikuphatikizapo nyama ndi zomera, komanso dothi lachonde - chuma zongowonjezwdwa; mchere - chuma sanali zongowonjezwdwa. Mbali yoyamba, ntchito gwero mlingo wa pafupifupi wofanana ndi liwiro kuchira, ngati chachiwiri, pochira zosatheka. Ngakhale kuti njira ya miyala mapangidwe ndi mineralization chichitike mosalekeza, lags mlingo awo kumbuyo liwiro deta migodi.

Komabe, ndi zinthu zopanda malire (mpweya, mphamvu ya dzuwa, mphamvu mphepo, ndi mafunde, ndipo ena.) Pa gawo lino la zimachitika pakati pa munthu ndi chikhalidwe alinso ndi mavuto ake. Poganizira funso mmene zimachitika pakati pa anthu ndi chirengedwe, tisaiwale kuti chikoka cha zinthu anthropogenic pa chilengedwe wafika magawo oterowo kuti mpweya ndi hydrosphere anayamba kusintha boma ndi mankhwala thupi zikuchokera. kusintha kuchepetsa phindu la mpweya ndi madzi. Kuti athetse vutoli amafuna kwambiri njira kuchepetsa ndalama.

Choncho, amatengedwa ngati maziko Michurinist lingaliro "Ife sitingakhoze kudikira chifundo kwa chikhalidwe, kuwatengera kwa iye - vuto lathu" mtengo anthu masiku ano. mogwirizana anthu ndi chikhalidwe tsopano si chimabwera amaima, ndipo likuoneka lonse ngoziyo zachilengedwe.