Kodi mbiri yakale inali yotani? Kodi Pushkin's anecdote, ndale ndi "bearded"

Pakhomo la chidwi cha kampani iliyonse ndi munthu yemwe amadziwa momwe angalankhulire nkhani zosangalatsa, mwachitsanzo, mbiri yodziwika bwino, nkhani yoopsya kapena nthendayi. Kodi ndi nkhani yochepa bwanji yovuta kumvetsetsa, ndipo ndi nthabwala zotani Pushkin anawuza-tiyeni tiyese kuganizira pamodzi. Kuwonjezera apo, tidzayesa kumvetsetsa momwe tingaphunzire mbiri ya Russia kuchokera ku zandale zandale, komanso pamene "ndevu" ikukula.

Kodi nthendayi ndi chiyani?

Mwachidziwikire mu encyclopedia iliyonse akhoza kupeza tanthauzo la mawu. Nthabwalayo imagawidwa mu mitundu iwiri. M'lingaliro loyamba, ndi nkhani yachidule yosautsa ndi kutha kwaudzidzidzi kumapeto. Chigawochi chimaphatikizapo nthabwala zonse (za Vovochka, za apongozi awo, za blondes, za sukulu ndi ena). Tengani nkhani zotero kumtundu wamakono. Kawirikawiri nthabwala sizinalembedwe, koma zimakumbukira ndikupatsirana mau. Zochitika m'mabuku amenewa nthawi zambiri ndizochepa, ndipo mainawo ndi maina omwe amadziwika (mwamuna, mtsogoleri, mtsikana, Russian, American).

Mtundu wachiwiri umaphatikizapo mbiri yakale komanso malemba. Kodi nthabwala ndi zotani kumvetsa? Kawirikawiri kachilombo ka nthano ndi nkhani yaying'ono yokhudza mbiri yakale kapena chochitika. Mtundu uwu umatanthawuza mtundu wa zolemba. Pankhaniyi, malemba oterewa samakhala oseketsa, nthawi zambiri ndi nkhani yothandiza. Nkhani zochepa zingakhale zongopeka, zowona komanso zochitika zenizeni.

Mbiri ya anecdote

M'zaka za m'ma 1900, olemekezeka a ku Russia anasankha dziko la France ngati chitsanzo cha mafashoni. Zinachokera pamenepo mukutanthauzira kwachinsinsi kuti anecdote anabwera kwa ife. Nthano yochepa chabe ya mbiri yakale, ndithudi, isanafike nthawi ino. Koma zinali mu zaka za zana la 18 zomwe anecdote inapeza kutchuka kwake.

Ngati a French adangouza nkhani zozizwitsa zokhudza moyo wa akalonga, omwe adawachitikira pamisonkhano yampingo ndi mipira, ku Russia mndandanda wa nkhanizo unakulitsidwa, potero kumalimbikitsa mtunduwo. Chidziwitso chabwino chikhoza kuphunzitsa:

• Kukonda dziko;
• Kulimba mtima;
• Kulimba mtima;
• Kudzikonda.

Mwachitsanzo, ndinapita ku anecdote za Prince Bagration, amene anali ndi mphuno yayikulu. Atabwera kudzamuuza kuti mdaniyo anali "pamphuno," anayankha kuti: "Ngati uli, inde, yatsala pang'ono. Ngati ali pa langa, ndidzakhala ndi nthawi yopatsa chakudya. " Zimadziwika kuti m'gulu la oimira anthu apamwamba pakhala pali zolemba zambiri. Munthu wanzeru amatha kuwuza mpira nkhani zatsopano.

M'masiku a Pushkin

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1800, tanthawuzo la mawu oti "anecdote" linakhazikitsidwa kale. Mu nthawi ya Pushkin, nkhani zozizwitsa zinkalemekezedwa ndi ulemu. "Zakale za golide" za mabuku a ku Russia sizinali zopanda chikhalidwe. Nkhaniyi inanenedwa za mafumu, olemba, olemba usilikali, mabanja apamwamba. Aleksandro Sergeevich anali msilikali wa nthabwala za anthu ena, ndipo mbuye akufotokozera zolemba zake. Nkhani za Pushkin zamasewera nthawi zambiri zimakhala zida zogwira ntchito kumapeto. Mwachitsanzo, m'ndondomeko ya "Ndemanga pazitsutso" pali munthu wina dzina lake Shvanich, yemwe "mwana wamkazi wa Captain" adatembenuzidwa kukhala Shvabrin.

Komabe, pambuyo pa kuukira kwa Decembrist, malingaliro okhudza mawonekedwe ake anasintha. Chikhalidwe chake chinayamba kuchepa. Makamaka, mndandanda wa zolemba zamphano zochepa zakhala zikuchitika m'mbiri. Ndipo nthabwala zamatsenga zinabwera patsogolo. Ndilo mawonekedwe omwe timadziwa nthabwala zamakono.

Nthabwala za ndale

Pakati pa nthabwala zambirimbiri pa nkhani zosiyanasiyana, nthabwala yandale imasankhidwa. N'zovuta kufotokozera tanthauzo lake. Malingana ndi nkhani zochepazi, anthu athu amasiku ano angaphunzire mosavuta mbiri ya Russia ndi Soviet Union.

Monga mukudziwira, nthabwala zoterozo zinaletsedwa kwa nthawi yaitali. Kwa iwo zinali zotheka kupeza nthawi yeniyeni mmalo mwa kunyalanyaza ufulu. Izi sizinalepheretse anthu kupanga zolemba zambiri. Mbiri ya nthabwala za ndale imayamba ndi Lenin. Iwo ankanyoza umunthu wa "mtsogoleri wa dziko lonse lapansi," malemba a October Revolution. Kenako pamzere anali Joseph Stalin. Nsanje za iye zimapitirira mpaka lero.

Kawirikawiri, anthu ankafuna kuseka pa chilichonse:

• Kuponderezedwa:
• Anti-Semitism;
• Fascist;
• Nkhondo ya Afghanistan;
• Mbewu ya Khrushchev;
• Masewera a ku Moscow.

Nsanje za ndale zikubwera tsopano. Mwachitsanzo, amadandaula za Pulezidenti - Dmitry Medvedev chifukwa cha zomwe akufuna kuti aphunzitsi azichita bizinesi, anthu ogwira ntchito pantchito "agwiritsabe ntchito", ndikutembenuza khofi ya ku America kukhala "Rusiano".

Kodi ndevu zimakula liti?

Komabe, nkhani yosangalatsa ndi yosangalatsa kamodzi kokha. Mlalhabwalawo umasanduka nthabwala ya ndevu. Nanga Izi zowonjezeredwa mu kampani zikuonedwa kuti ndizoipa, aliyense akudziwa, koma anthu ochepa amadziwa kuti mawu akuti "accordion" adakula kuchokera pamaganizo awa. Malingana ndi chimodzi mwa Mabaibulo omwe akuganiziridwa kuti izi ndifupikitsa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti: "Ng'ombe ya bearded, ikuwotchera".

Anecdote akale, amakhala ndi "ndevu" yake yaitali. Ndipo ngati iye ali "tsitsi la imvi," nthabwala sizowoneka kuti ndizovala za olemba nkhani. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, mutu wa "ndevu" wamatsenga wakhala wakhala chifukwa cha nthabwala. Kumbali inayi, nkhani zatsopano zimangokhala "bayans". Intaneti siimalola mafilimu kuti akhalebe atsopano kwa nthawi yaitali.