Kodi mphete pachaka? kusanthula zambiri

Nkhani anafotokoza kuti kukula mphete, momwe izo likakhazikitsidwa, kumene angapezeke, zimene sayansi akhala akuphunzira mphete.

Mitengo ndi Moyo

Moyo padziko lathuli linapangidwa ndi chinakhalapo chifukwa zinthu zambiri, ndipo mmodzi wa iwo - ndi abwino mpweya zikuchokera m'mlengalenga. Komanso mwapadera, pamaso pa mpweya okwanira. Iwo zimatipatsa zomera, zomwe kuyamwa mpweya woipa wotuluka tikamapuma ndi zolengedwa kwambiri moyo. Panopa, ambiri anayamba ndi maiko kutukuka mosamalitsa oyang'anira boma la nkhalango awo, kuphatikizapo kulenga malo osungirako zachilengedwe, kumene mukhoza kukumana ndi mitengo okalamba kwambiri. Iwo chidwi osati kwa mfundo zokongoletsa maganizo, komanso chifukwa chakuti asayansi akuyendayenda iwo ndi chidziwitso cha Kale, ndi m'badwo wa mitengo anatsimikiza pogwiritsa ntchito mphete mtengo. Koma kodi mphete pachaka, chifukwa izo likakhazikitsidwa komanso kumene kuwonjezera pali mitengo? Pochita zimenezi, tidzakhala kumvetsa, ndipo m'nkhani ino.

tanthauzo

pachaka kukula mphete, kapena zigawo pachaka, wotchedwa munda cyclical kukula kwa zimakhala zomera ndi ena mitundu ina ya zamoyo Mwachitsanzo, bowa ndi mollusks. maonekedwe awo ndi chifukwa kusintha nyengo kutentha kapena zinthu zina. Tsopano ife tikudziwa chomwe mphete pachaka.

Koma kwambiri khalidwe ndi kutchulidwa kukula mphete anati mu zake mtundu osatha mbewu. Makamaka kukula mu M'madera a zitunda kotentha, pamene nthawi ya dzinja ndi masika kukula kwa cambium ndi alternated ndi nthawi mpumulo mu yophukira ndi yozizira ya chaka. Ngati ife kulankhula za maonekedwe a mphete, omwe lagawidwa pawiri: mdima ndi kuunika. Conifers ndi chidwi chifukwa cha mphete pachaka timaona bwino kwambiri chifukwa nkhuni anapanga Patapita ali osiyana mthunzi mdima. Tsopano ife tikudziwa chomwe mphete pachaka. Kuphunzira ankachita sayansi dendrochronology.

dendrochronology

Dendrochronology - ndi chilango sayansi kuti zikuchita ndi zochitika chibwenzi, zochitika zachilengedwe ndi Zinthu zamakedzana ku maphunziro a mphete mtengo wa matabwa kapena zina zotsalira kwachilengedwenso kuti zimenezo.

Mwachitsanzo, njira zambiri ntchito kudziwa zaka zina kapena nyumba nkhuni pa mphete za pachaka.

Ndi mtundu wanji wa sayansi tikuchita ife kumvetsa. Tsopano tiyeni tione mmene kupanga mphete pachaka.

ndondomeko mapangidwe

Monga momwe taonera, iwo amaoneka mitengo kukula mu madera ndi seasonality kutchulidwa. Mwachidule, m'chilimwe ndi yozizira iwo alibe kukula mofanana chifukwa kusintha kutentha ndi mavuto ena. Zimenezi zimabweretsa chakuti wosanjikiza nkhuni, kukula mu yozizira, chilimwe ndi osiyana ndi makhalidwe misa: mtundu, kachulukidwe, kapangidwe, etc. Ngati ife kulankhula za mawonetseredwe zithunzi, ndiye mtanda anaona kudula pa mtengo Tingaone dongosolo bwino, okhala ndi mawonekedwe a mphete concentric.

Sipangakhalenso anatsimikiza ndi mphete kukula?

Kwenikweni - ndi zaka. Aliyense mphete limafanana ndi chaka chimodzi, monga wochindikala ndi kapangidwe akhoza adzaweruzidwa unali chaka kuchokera mpaka nyengo ya view: ndi zoyerekeza kutentha, mvula, pafupipafupi awo, ndi zina zotero. Gwiritsani ntchito njira imeneyi kuti tipeze zaka mankhwala ena akale matabwa: iwo anachekedwa, kuyang'ana pa chiwerengero cha mphete, kenako poyerekeza ndi chitsanzo, amene zaka amadziwika. Motero, mungathe kuona pamene anali kudula mtengo, amene anali ngati chuma cha nkhaniyo.

dziko nyama

Monga tanenera kale, mphete pachaka zimapezeka osati mitengo komanso mu dziko nyama. Mungapeze mu zimakhala anthu kapena nyumba mafupa, amene kukula mosalekeza, koma ndi atengeke zotsatira za nyengo, kusintha nyengo kutentha. Iwo mamba, mafupa ndi zipsepse Mitundu ina ya nsomba, zipolopolo mollusk a mitundu yosiyanasiyana, milomoyo ndi mafupa a mbalame, nyama, nyanga, mafupa, ena nyama. Kotero tsopano ife tikudziwa chomwe mphete mtengo zamoyo. Malinga ndi iye, asayansi anatsimikiza lomwelo, monga mmene zinalili wa zaka mitengo, makamaka nyengo ya nthawi ndi zina zotero.