Kodi mtima ECG chiyani? zizindikiro za matenda

Mawu akuti "ECG" umaimira "electrocardiogram". Nkhani mawonekedwe a zikhumbo mumtima magetsi.

Mtima wa munthu ali pacemaker yake. pacemaker ili mwachindunji mu atrium bwino. Malowa amatchedwa mfundo nkusani. Apa Wochokera mfundo imeneyi, wotchedwa nkusani kugula (ndipo chingatithandize kumvetsa zimene ECG). gwero la nyemba mu mtima yokha amapanga zikhumbo magetsi. Komanso anatumiza dongosolo kuchititsa. Zikhumbo anthu opanda matenda a mtima, mtima conduction kudutsa dongosolo fupipafupi. nyemba onse otuluka analembedwa ndi kuwonetsedwa pa tepi cardiogram.

Kuchokera pamenepa, ndizoonekeratu kuti ECG - electrocardiogram - ndi zilakolako za mitima ya dongosolo zimaonetsa m'kaundula. Kaya ECG adzakusonyezani mavuto ndi mtima? Ndithudi, izi ndi njira ndipo mwamsanga kuzindikira matenda alionse mtima. Komanso, electrocardiogram ndi ofunika kwambiri njira akudzizindikiritsa kudwala ku matenda ndi matenda osiyanasiyana mtima.

ECG zida analenga England A. Waller kumbuyo mu makumi asanu ndi awiri a atumwi XIX. Pa zaka 150, makina amene akulemba ntchito magetsi a mtima, kakusintha kusintha ndi kusintha. Ngakhale mfundo ya ntchito sanasinthe.

Modern ambulansi kwenikweni anapereka mayunitsi kunyamula kwa ECG, mungathe mwamsanga apange electrocardiogram, kupulumutsa nthawi wapatali. Ndi thandizo la ECG akhoza ngakhale munthu matenda. ECG adzakusonyezani mavuto ndi mtima matenda pachimake mtima kuti infarction m'mnyewa wamtima. Mu milandu, palibe nthawi yosiya, choncho nthawi cardiogram akhoza kupulumutsa miyoyo.

Madokotala ambulansi okha kumvetsa ndi electrocardiogram tepi pa nkhani ya matenda pachimake, pamene makina likusonyeza vuto la mtima, ndiye, kuphatikizapo lipenga, mofulumira kunyamula wodwalayo kuchipatala kumene iye anali thandizo mwamsanga adzakhala anapereka yomweyo. Koma ngati mavuto mwamsanga m'chipatala Sikuti, izo zonse zimadalira zimene electrocardiogram.

Nthawi zina, adzaika electrocardiogram

Ngati munthu ali pano pansipa zizindikiro anafotokoza, ndi cardiologist potsogolera pa electrocardiogram ndi:

• kutupa miyendo;
• kukomoka;
• ndi kupuma movutikira;
• ululu sternum, kuwawa msana, kupweteka khosi.

ECG kwenikweni kuperekedwa kwa amayi apakati pa kafukufuku, anthu pokonzekera opaleshoni, thupi bwino.

Komanso, zotsatira ECG zifunika mu nkhani ya ulendo wa ku chipatala chaching'ono kapena ngati mukufuna kulola ntchito iliyonse masewera.

Kupewa ndi ngati munthu alibe madandaulo aliyense, madokotala amalangiza kuchita electrocardiogram kamodzi pa chaka. Nthawi zambiri zikhoza kuthandiza ndi matenda a mtima, asymptomatic.

Kodi ECG

Pa tepi yokha ECG angasonyeze ya mano, komanso mavuto. prongs chikuimira likulu makalata P, Q, R, S ndi T. Mu chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti kuyesa cardiologist ndi decodes m'lifupi, kutalika kwa mano, kukula ndi cm therebetween. Malinga zolozerazi, mukhoza kudziwa mkhalidwe wonse wa minofu mtima.

Mothandizidwa ndi electrocardiogram ndi angazindikire zosiyanasiyana matenda mtima. ngati ECG adzakusonyezani vuto la mtima? Inde.

Kodi Mzimuyo ndi electrocardiogram

• kugunda kwa mtima - kugunda kwa mtima.
• The kaimbidwe za mtima.
• Mtima.
• Arrhythmia.
• Ggipertrofiya ventricles.
• Ischemic ndi kardistroficheskie kusintha.

Kwambiri zokhumudwitsa yoopsa matenda pa ECG - izi ndi m'mnyewa wamtima infarction. Mu matenda a m'mnyewa wamtima ECG umathandiza pa zinthu, ndipo ngakhale kutsogolera ntchito. Ndi cardiogram wapezeka necrotic m'dera ndi kuya kutanthauzira ya zotupa za gawo mtima. Komanso, pamene akutanthauzira ECG tepi mukhoza kuzindikira kusiyanitsa pachimake m'mnyewa wamtima infarction ndi aneurysm ku mabala zapitazi. Choncho, pa ndime ya Kupenda mankhwala m'pofunika kuchita cardiogram, chifukwa dokotala n'kofunika kwambiri kudziwa kuti ECG adzakusonyezani.

Nthawi zambiri, matenda a mtima n'zogwirizana mtima. Koma zimenezi si zoona. Mtima angayambe iliyonse. Nthawi zina m'mnyewa wamtima m'mapapo (m'mapapo minofu pamene iwo afe kwathunthu kapena pang'ono ngati blockage wa mitsempha ya).

Pali oziziritsa infarction (mu zina ischemic sitiroko) - kufa ubongo minofu, omwe angakhale ndi chifukwa cha thrombosis kapena chotupa ziwiya oziziritsa magazi. Pamene infarction oziziritsa mwina kwathunthu kutha kapena kutaya ntchito monga kulankhula, kayendedwe thupi ndi tilinazo.

Pamene munthu ali ndi vuto la mtima zikuchitika mu thupi lake akufa kapena kukhala minofu necrosis. thupi limataya gawo la minofu kapena chiwalo, ndi kuchita ntchito za thupi.

M'mnyewa wamtima infarction - akufa kapena ischemic mbali necrosis mwachindunji kapena gawo la mnofu mtima chifukwa kutayiratu kapena tsankho a kapezedwe magazi. ena a minofu mtima anayamba kufa pambuyo pa 20-30 Mphindi akaleka kufalitsidwa. Ngati munthu akakhala infarction m'mnyewa wamtima, mkhutu magazi. Mmodzi zotengera kapena kuposa magazi motero n'kulephera. Nthawi zambiri matenda a mtima zimachitika chifukwa chotengera occlusion thrombus (atherosclerotic mipukutuyi). Woyendera nthambi ya infarct mwamphamvu zimadalira kusokoneza limba, mwachitsanzo, yaikulu m'mnyewa wamtima infarction kapena microinfarction. Kotero musati yomweyo kugwa mtima ngati ECG zikusonyeza vuto la mtima.

Izi kukhala kuukira opareshoni ya mtima dongosolo lonse la thupi ndi moyo pachiswe. Mu nthawi ano, matenda a mtima ndi chifukwa kutsogolera imfa pakati pa anthu mu mayiko olemera.

Zizindikiro za matenda a mtima

• Chizungulire.
• Kupuma movutikira.
• Kupweteka khosi, mapewa, amene angaperekedwe mmbuyo, dzanzi.
• Cold thukuta.
• Nseru, kumverera wa chidzalo.
• Maganizo zikayamba mu chifuwa.
• Kutentha.
• Chifuwa.
• Ndi kumva kutopa.
• Kusafuna kudya.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za infarction m'mnyewa wamtima

1. Anapwetekedwa mu mtima.
2. Mavuto amene si kutsazikana pambuyo nitroglycerin.
3. Ngati nthawi ya zowawa yochulukirapo 15.

Zimayambitsa matenda a mtima

1. Atherosclerosis.
2. La misempha.
3. Kobadwa nako matenda a mtima.
4. Shuga.
5. Kusuta, kunenepa.
6. Oopsa.
7. Vasculitis.
8. Chinawonjezeka kukhuthala kwa magazi (thrombosis).
9. mbiri Previous wa m'mnyewa wamtima.
10. spasms aakulu a mtsempha wamagazi inatsekeratu (mwachitsanzo, kumwa mankhwala phwando).
11. Age zokhudzana kusintha.

ECG imaperekanso kudziwa matenda ena, monga tachycardia, arrhythmia, matenda ischemic.

arrhythmia

Mumatani ngati ECG anasonyeza arrhythmia?

Arrhythmia akhoza yodziwika ndi kusintha zambiri kuchepetsa mlingo mtima.

Arrhythmia imatengedwa mkhalidwe umene pali nthenda mtima mungoli ndiponso kugunda kwa mtima. Nthawi zambiri, kudwala izi ndi Amowabu mtima kulephera; wodwalayo mofulumira, ndiye pang'onopang'ono kugunda. Kuwonjezeka anaona pa kudzoza ndi kuchepa - pamene inu kutulutsa.

angina

Ngati wodwala ali anaona nkhani ya ululu pansi breastbone kapena kumanzere kwa izo mu dzanja lake lamanzere, zomwe ukhoza masekondi angapo, koma ukhoza kwa mphindi 20, ECG adzakusonyezani angina.

Kupweteka zambiri poipa pamene zolemera katundu thupi yaikulu, pamene kulowa ozizira ndipo akhoza kutha pa mpumulo. Yafupika ululu ngati kwa mphindi 3-5 tikadwala nitroglycerin. Wodwalayo wotumbululuka khungu ndipo osasamba kugunda zimene zimachititsa kusokoneza mtima.

Angina - izi ndi imodzi mwa mitundu ya matenda a mitima. Kawirikawiri matenda angina ndi kovuta, chifukwa yofanana amenewa akhoza zimachitika pamene ena pathologies mtima. Angina mwina zina kuyambitsa matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko.

tachycardia

Ambiri nkhawa kwambiri akaona kuti ECG anasonyeza tachycardia.

Tachycardia - chinawonjezeka kugunda kwa mtima pa mpumulo. The kaimbidwe ya mtima mu tachycardia angafikire ku kumenyedwa 100-150 pa mphindi. kudwala Izi angayambe anthu a mibadwo yonse, pamene kunyamula zitsulo kapena mkulu olimbitsa thupi, komanso wamphamvu psycho-maganizo chilakolako chogonana.

Komabe, tachycardia imatengedwa mwina si matenda koma chizindikiro. Koma palibe kupatula zoopsa. Ngati mtima ukugunda mothamanga, si nthawi kudzaza ndi magazi, zomwe zina akutitsogolera kuti kuchepa linanena bungwe magazi komanso kusowa mpweya mu thupi, ndi minofu mtima yokha. Ngati tachycardia kumatenga kuposa mwezi umodzi, zingachititse disruptions patsogolo mu ntchito ya minofu mtima ndi kuwonjezeka mu kukula mtima.

Zizindikiro khalidwe la tachycardia

• Chizungulire, kukomoka.
• Kufooka.
• Kupuma movutikira.
• Kuchuluka nkhawa.
• Kumverera cha kuwonjezereka kugunda kwa mtima.
• Mtima kulephera.
• Ululu m'dera pachifuwa.

Zimayambitsa tachycardia kungakhale: inatsekeratu matenda a mtima, matenda osiyanasiyana, kukhudzana ndi poizoni, kusintha ischemic.

Pomaliza

Tsopano pali matenda osiyanasiyana a mtima, amene akhoza limodzi ndi zizindikiro chowawa ndi chopweteka. Isanayambe chithandizo, m'pofunika kuti matenda, kudziwa vuto ndi kuthetsa ngati nkotheka.

Pakali pano, kuchititsa electrocardiogram ndi ogwira njira yokhayo ku matenda a pathologies mtima, amenenso kwathunthu vuto lililonse ndipo sabweretsa chisoni. Njira imeneyi ndi yabwino kwa onse - ana ndi akulu, komanso kukhala angakwanitse, kothandiza ndiponso kwambiri nkhani, umene uli wofunika kwambiri mu zinthu za moyo wamasiku ano.