Alibe - pa alibe izi ... - Zitsanzo

Anthu, pali ya zomwe zimachitika pa mlingo ma. Pang'onopang'ono, amatsogolera kusintha lonse mu minofu ndi kukhala kuoneka apoyera. Pa zochitika mfundo monga khungu ukalamba ndi ziwalo, chilonda machiritso, chiwonongeko zaminyewa, ndi zina zotero. D. wina ndondomeko ngati ali alibe. Izo kumaonekera zamoyo zonse, pamodzi ndi zinthu zina zachilengedwe. Alibe - njira chiwonongeko pang'onopang'ono kapena alibe minofu wabwinobwino, imbaenda kuwonongeka awo zinchito kapena imfa. kusintha wofanana ziwalo zonse mu moyo wa munthu. mfundo izi kwachilengedwenso monga "aromorphosis", "idioadaptation", "alibe" kudziwika kwa sayansi kuchokera kalelo. Iwo mtundu wa n'chimodzimodzi, koma njira zofunika pa moyo wa chamoyo.

Thupi alibe - ndi chiyani ichi?

Zinthu zachilendo, chifukwa alibe, kuchotsa ❖ kuyanika akale anachita pa epithelium watsopano (akunja khungu wosanjikiza). Imathandiza kuti manja ziwalo ndi machitidwe amene anaonekera chitukuko embryonic ndi kale chitamaliza ntchito yake pa nthawi ya kubadwa. Alibe chofunika pa kukula kwa mwana, motero mtengo wake waukulu kachitidwe thupi. Mwachitsanzo, pamene munthu mafupa ossification zofunika alibe (chionongeko) wa chichereŵechereŵe. The khungu lili ndi magawo angapo, pamwamba - ndi stratum corneum. Pa moyo wake, iye poyera kuti thupi alibe maulendo angapo, chifukwa pakhungu nthawi zonse zatsopano. Chitsanzo china ndi manja mwapang'onopang'ono zikuchitika mu England mammary pamene mkaka wa m'mawere ayenera kudzatha.

Pathological ndondomeko - ziri ngati? zotsatira

ndondomeko ndi minofu chiwonongeko kutsogolera limagwirira cha matenda ambiri. Pathological alibe - kusintha zimakhala zachilendo zina, extrinsic thupi ili. Chotero ndondomeko kungakhale chifukwa cha matenda a zamadzimadzi, mapuloteni ndi zimam'patsa kagayidwe. M'malo ena zinthu zina ma angayambe chiwalo kapena minofu. Mwachitsanzo, adipose alibe. Bwinobwino ndondomeko izi zikuchitika mu subcutaneous minofu ndi chifuwa khansa, koma matendawa amapezeka zimakhala ena, kuphatikizapo mantha. Chifukwa, kuchepa mu ntchito za ziwalo mpaka ajombera wathunthu. kusintha osachiritsika mu ulusi mitsempha ya nyemba ndi kuleketsa kufika ubongo, ndipo mosemphanitsa, kubwerera zimakhala ndi. Zimenezi zingachititse kuti imfa ya tilinazo, matenda limba, njira atrophic. Owonjezera chakudya ndi zotsatirapo za alibe lapansi. Choncho pali wamba matenda - matenda a shuga amene ali kwambiri matendawo.

Kodi kusiyana enaake alibe?

mtundu wa kusintha osachiritsika mu akonzedwa, akusonyezanso kuti zikamera wa cysts M'mimbamo wodzazidwa ndi nkhani madzi. Awonekere zosiyanasiyana zimakhala, koma nthawi zambiri aumbike mwa ziwalo wamkazi maliseche - mazira. Matendawa amatenga dzina lake, monga matenda Stein-Leventhal. Zikomo asayansi awa awiri (Stein ndi Leventhal) enaake alibe wa thumba losunga mazira ndi chatsegulidwa. Zimayambitsa matenda adakali sakudziwika kwa nthawi Koma panopa kuli kopanda kuti matenda ndi cholowa. Zikuoneka pa unamwali akazi, chizindikiro chachikulu ndi yonena za msambo. Limagwirira wa matenda ndi mapangidwe cysts angapo yamchiberekero, amene zolimba kapisozi ndipo amathandiza kuti kusokonezeka kwa kukula ndi kusasitsa wa follicles, potero kuphwanya dzira ndondomeko linanena bungwe.

Chithunzi matenda ndi mankhwala a matenda Stein-Leventhal

Kuwonjezera pa kupanda menses mu achinyamata alibe - matenda amene angayambe matenda ena a kuzungulira. Mwachitsanzo, metrorrhagia - zodziwitsa magazi kuchokera thirakiti maliseche amene osalumikidwa ndi kusintha ovulatory mu thupi wamkazi. Ngati Stein-Leventhal syndrome anaonekera m'tsogolo, ndiye mawonetseredwe waukulu ndi osabereka. Pankhaniyi, izo zingachitike pa akazi kale pakati ndi akazi amene akubereka. Komanso, matenda akuwonetseredwa ndi kutchulidwa hypertrichosis - kuchuluka tsitsi kukula pa nkhope ndi thupi la odwala. Komanso, zizindikiro, zizindikiro virilization palibe, akazi ndi makhalidwe kugonana, mawu, mtundu wa malamulo. Mantha pa matenda Stein-Leventhal kugwirizana ndi ntchito chonde mkhutu. Kuchiza matenda ndi yamchiberekero mphero resection imene follicles kuyamba okhwima ndi Maselo dzira, potero kubwezeretsa chonde.

kusintha osachiritsika diso

Chifukwa cha thupi la zamoyo angathe kuona dziko. Kusintha pathological, ntchito ili chakhungu ngakhale khungu. matenda diso akhoza isanafalikire mu nyumba zosiyanasiyana: diso Iris, nthabwala vitreous, mandala, ziwiya, etc. The pathologies lalikulu kwambiri ankaona kuti kusintha mu diso ndi mitsempha chamawonedwe ... Popeza nyumba izi mwamphamvu kugwirizana ndi ubongo, iwo manja munthu khungu sizingasinthe. Retinal alibe - matenda a etiology osadziwika. Izo kumaonekera mwa mawonekedwe a alibe obwera ndi ukalamba kapena retinitis, amene akhoza kuoneka pa nthawi iliyonse ya moyo. Alibe - Zitsanzo: amelanotic ndi pigmentary mawonekedwe, unilateral, paravenoznaya, chapakati ndi zotumphukira kudwala.

The pathogenesis wa pigmentary retinal alibe

Zimayambitsa kusintha osachiritsika diso sitikudziwa, koma akukhulupirira kuti ali cholowa akhoza zapita ngati wamphamvu ndi jini recessive. Akuluakulu pathological njira ya matenda ndi alibe ya ndodozo ndi cones, ili pa diso. matenda mtima maso ali kukula adventitia ndi thickening wa endothelium lapansi. Mitsempha ulusi limba komanso amakonda zikuchulukirachulukira ndipo pang'onopang'ono aithamangitse retinal wosanjikiza, mmene ndodo yoyamba zawo, ndipo mu ndondomeko patsogolo - cones. Mu omangidwa anagawira pigment alibe wa munthu pansi diso, chifukwa cha kusowa kwake mbali zina, ndi zina - mnzanu.

Mawonetseredwe pigmentary alibe

Retinal alibe diso kukuonetsedwa pang'onopang'ono. Nthawi zambiri, izo anaona ana kapena unyamata. The chizindikiro choyamba cha matenda ndi tsiku-khungu - mavuto mu Kuwala kochepa. Izi zikhoza kukhala chiwonetsero kwa zaka zingapo, ndi kusintha ophthalmoscopy sati anati. Siteji yotsatira ya matenda ndi maonekedwe a madera aang'onoang'ono pigment mu kuphunzira fundus ocular. Zikuphatikizapo, choyamba, zooneka yekha pa periphery, atatha iwo kupita ku malo a diso. fundus ziwiya pang'onopang'ono mwapang'ono, iwo kukhala zooneka m'madera a depigmentation. chizindikiro china ndi mochedwa scotoma mu mawonekedwe a mphete - ndi semicircular kuchepetsa munda wa view. Chomaliza alibe ndi mavuto ake, monga mathithi sekondale, khungu ndi opacities vitreous. Zonsezi zimachititsa kukhala ndi kuchepa mu masomphenya ndi khungu zina wathunthu.

matenda alibe

Akuganiza alibe kungakhale kuchepetsa ntchito ya ziwalo, kumene kumachitika pang'onopang'ono. Kusintha ambiri m'mimba polycystic ndi kukhalapo kwa khalidwe chithunzi matenda m'pofunika resect thupi ndi wotsatira histological ndi cytological maphunziro, amene adzakhala kusintha kumaoneka zikuchitika pa mlingo ma. Alibe kwa diso otsimikiza kudandaula ena a wodwalayo komanso ophthalmoscopy. Njira ya kafukufuku amatilola kuona inclusions fundus pigment anasintha ziwiya, chamawonedwe mitsempha manja. Njira ina ndi electroretinogram. Iwo Tingaone pa alibe ya chifooke mafunde kapena mofulumira wawo wonse.

mankhwala a retinal alibe

Chithandizo cha matenda umalimbana kuima kapena liwiro kupitirira kusintha osachiritsika. Izi chingapezeke pamene kulandira vasodilators "komplamin", "Nigeksina" asidi nicotinic. Komanso, ntchito electrophoresis ndi MANKHWALA OLETSA VUTOLI: Drotaverinum, papaverine. Ntchito mavitamini a gulu B. Komanso medicaments ankachita chithandizo opaleshoni - kupatsidwa zina ulusi minofu kwa diso kusintha magazi. Ngakhale kupitirira kwa matenda, pamene kutsatira akhoza kwambiri kuwakomera.