Kodi mtsinje imaphwera mu Don: chiwembu. zimachokera kumene mtsinje Don?

Don nthawizonse chidwi munthu - waukulu ndi wamphamvu, ndi makhwawa ambiri. Yoswa ambiri a mavesi ndi ndakatulo, komanso Yenisei. Ngakhale palibe funso mtsinjewo yaitali - Don kapena Yenisei, koma sikutheka akutiyerekeza - aliyense wokongola komanso aliyense ali ndi malo ake pa mabuku Russian.

Pa Don palinso mayina ena. Mu masiku a Greece kalelo ankatchedwa Tanais kapena Girgis. Ancient kypchaki otchedwa Don - Khumi. Mawu "Dong" amatanthauza "zambiri njira" kapena "mtsinje yosiyana njira."

Kumene ndi kumene mtsinje Don umayenda

Poyamba ankaganiza kuti Don zimachokera ku nyanja, Ivan, koma kunapezeka kuti effluent ku nkhokwe ili mu mtsinje sadzafika. Izi ndiye gwero la Don Novomoskovsk, pali ngakhale anapereka mapulani zikuchokera "Gwero la Don." Koma chifukwa cha moyandikana ya mtsinje ukuyenda kwa mosungiramo Shatskikh, ambiri amakhulupirira kuti ndiye gwero la izo, koma izo siziri.

Mtsinje wolephera m'dera catchment okha Volga, Danube, Kama ndi Dnieper, koma Don si yaitali kwambiri - 1870 Km. Mphamvu ndi kukongola Don anaimba ntchito zambiri zolembalemba, komanso Yenisei. funso ili: iti mtsinje ndi wautali - Don kapena Yenisei? Olondola yankho - ndi Yenisei. Koma yerekezerani mitsinje awiriwa sizingatheke aliyense ali wosiyana ndi masamba chidwi.

Mu nyanja Mtsinje amalowa Don? Mu Nyanja ya Azov. Mtsinje mu Rostov pa-Don ndipamene ankadziwana lonse, dera la makilomita lalikulu 540. Kwa izo masamba ambiri ritsa: Large Kuterma, Akufa Donets, Great Tower ndi ena.

Pansipa tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane, pamalo amene mtsinje imaphwera mu Don. chithunzi zikusonyeza mmene mtsinje umayenda mu izo.

Khalidwe la chigwa mtsinje

Don - lowland mtsinje ndi lonse chigumula mbalambanda, izo alibe pakhomo mkulu ndipo ugwira pang'onopang'ono. Kuzilingalira yosalala kotenga mbiri, ndi kupatuka avareji 0,1 ppm. Don m'lifupi mwa m'munsi ukufika 15 Km.

Banki lamanja la mtsinje ali otsetsereka phompho. Lamanzere gombe la otsika kunama ndi lathyathyathya. Pansi pa mtsinje mungapeze kudzikundikira alluvium. Tsatani ndi zambiri shoals osaya mchenga.

The boma madzi a mtsinje Don

Pa malo mtsinje catchment ndi opondapo, koma wokhutira madzi ndi wotsika. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti Don umayenda mwa steppe ndi nkhalango zone steppe. Udindo waukulu mtsinje chimagwira chisanu chakudya, amene chimachititsa pafupifupi 70%, mvula ndi pansi - yaing'ono. Monga ambiri a mitsinje ya malowa, Don ali mkulu masika mafunde, pa yotsalayo - nthawi otsika madzi.

Mu msinkhu madzi ranges kuchokera 8 mamita 13 mamita.

kumwa pachaka, Don ndi 2 L / gawo / lalikulu makilomita (900m³ / c).

Mu November ndi December ndi Don amaundana. Amaundana chimakhala cha masiku 30 pambuyo pake ndipo kuti masiku 140 pamwamba.

Mbali khalidwe la mtsinje ndi madzi mkulu akudutsa mu mafunde awiri. Woyamba funde - ndi "ozizira". Mumtsinjewo madzi Sungunulani ku malire a m'munsi. Yoweyula chachiwiri - "konzekera" ndipo umabweretsa madzi chapamwamba mbali ya mtsinje.

Ntchito mtsinje wa ntchito za anthu

Don Mtsinje kungathandize kwambiri pa chuma cha dziko. Kuti amvetsetse chimene chili chochititsa chidwi kwambiri mtsinje uwu zokwanira kumbukirani pamene mtsinje imaphwera mu Don. Kwa zaka pafupifupi 1,600 kuchokera mkamwa mwa mtsinje ndi waukulu. mzinda Liski ili 1355 kukafika ku malo confluence ya Don ku Nyanja Azov, panjira mukhoza zonse kukumana bwalo.

Mu 1952 linamangidwa ndi Volga-Don Ngalande. Iye anakumba pafupi ndi tauni ya Kalach, kuyambira pa mfundo iyi mtsinje unakhota wa Don akuyandikira Volga kwa mtunda osachepera - 80 Km. ngalande anali wokonzeka pasanathe zaka 4 pambuyo anayamba kumanga, palibe chinthu choterocho mu dziko ayi mofulumira achita m'Mphamvu. Kutalika kwa Volga-Don ngalande anali 101 Km ndipo kunapangitsa kuti amasule nyanja zingapo: ndi Baltic, Black, Azov, White ndi Caspian.

Near Voronezh anadzetsa machitidwe a Novovoronezh NPP mu 1967 Rostov NPP inamangidwa mu 2001 ndipo inali pafupi ndi tauni eponymous.

Pa Don inamangidwa mosungiramo - Tsimlyanskoe. Palinso Tsimlyansk siteshoni opangira magetsi mphamvu. Komanso, madzi hydrological chinthu ntchito kuthirira nthaka ya zaulimi ndi Volgograd m'madera Rostov.

Flora ndi zinyama za mtsinje Don

Floodplain achinyontho, madambo, wandiweyani nkhalango wosanganiza ili m'mphepete Don Mtsinje. Kodi achokera, kumene umayenda ndi kuti Tingaone m'mphepete mwa mtsinjewo? Mu uthunthu wake, mukhoza kukumana zosiyanasiyana zomera: sedge, bulrush, cinquefoil, msondodzi, msondodzi, birch, krushinnik, alder ndi nthumwi zina za zomera ndi osiyanasiyana kwambiri mitundu zikuchokera awo .. Achule: Achule ndi newts. Zokwawa: ndi red-opindika m'makona kamba, udzu njoka, mphiri. Nyama: weasel, Beaver, mink, otter, mileme, muskrat. Mbalame: chimeza, warbler, storks, akhwangwala, snipe, bakha.

Kwa Don Mtsinje anapeza mitundu pafupifupi 70 a nsomba. Ena alonjezedwa ikutha chifukwa zochita za anthu. The bream ambiri, rudd, crucian carp, yowawitsa, Pike, burbot. Osowa: mlamba, Nsombazi, beluga, Nsombazi.

Dziwani kuti posachedwapa anaika ziyang'aniridwe pa mitundu zayamba nsomba. Pakuti kugwira ndalama mitundu osowa oletsa ophwanya. Komanso, mu nurseries mwakula nsomba, yomwe kenako anamasulidwa m'tchire.

mavuto chilengedwe cha Don Mtsinje

Funso la vuto chilengedwe mtsinje amakhala zambiri mwamsanga chaka chilichonse. Vuto ambiri wokonda kuyeretsa madzi kuchokera zinyalala banja, mumapezeka mafuta, yomwe inakhazikitsidwa chifukwa cha ngozi ya Pamadzi. Kufala kwa buluu wobiriwira algae komanso kungasokoneze pa boma zachilengedwe la mtsinje, ndi chifukwa kuti anthu ena akufuna ikutha, mitundu ina ya nsomba ndi zomera.

The madzi mu mtsinje yafupika chifukwa cha ntchito zopanda nzeru.

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, ntchito kuthana ndi mavuto yovuta zokhudzana ndi madzi mtsinje zinalengedwa, kuphatikizapo Don. Azov Sea (amene amalowa Don Mtsinje) alinso angapo mavuto: madzi yatsekera, mofulumira Mitundu ina ya nsomba ndi kuchepa madzi - shallowing.