Kodi mungadziwe bwanji msinkhu wa nsomba?

Funso lakuti "Momwe mungadziwire zaka za nsomba?" Kwa nthawi yaitali akhala akukhudzidwa ndi asayansi ndipo, monga zanakhalira, izi sizili zovuta kwambiri.

Ngati tilingalira nsomba zomwe zili pansi pa microscope kapena pansi pa galasi lodziwika bwino lomwe likuwonjezeka kambirimbiri, ndiye kuti n'zosavuta kuona mphete zofanana ndi mphete zomwe zili pamtengo wa nkhuni. Zonsezi zimagwirizana ndi chaka chimodzi cha moyo wa nsomba ndipo amatchedwa "nyengo yozizira", ngakhale kuti nthawi zina zikhoza kuoneka masika kapena chilimwe. N'zosangalatsa kuti mphete zapachakazi zimapangidwa pa mamba a nsomba za equatorial water, komanso nsomba zomwe zimakhala mozama kwambiri, ngakhale kuti zikuwoneka kuti nthawi zonse zimakhala nyengo zosasintha. Choncho, yankho la funso lakuti "Kodi mungadziwe bwanji msinkhu wa nsomba ndi nsomba za m'nyanja?" Zomwezo - malowa alibe mphamvu iliyonse pa izi.

Momwe mungadziwire kukula kwa nsomba zaka zosiyana za moyo wake?

Paziwerengero nkotheka kudziwa osati msinkhu wa nsomba, komanso kutalika komwe kunkafika chaka chilichonse. Tangoganizani kuti nsomba yaitali-mita imakhala ndi centimeter radius. Mtunda wochokera ku mphete yoyamba yapakati kufika pakatikati pa msinkhu ndi mamita 6. Chifukwa chake, pa usinkhu wa zaka chimodzi nsombazo zinali 60 masentimita yaitali.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukuganiza za nsomba, ndiye kuti n'zosavuta kuona kuti zaka ziwiri zoyambirira za moyo nsombazo zinakula pang'onopang'ono. Zovala zamkati zili pafupi kwambiri. Kenaka kukula kunayamba kufulumira. Ndipo izi zikutanthauza kuti nsomba yaying'onoyo inapita kunyanja kuchokera ku mtsinje, komwe kunali chakudya chochepa. Pamwamba pa mamba, pangakhale zizindikiro za nsomba zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Chotsatira chake, kwa chidziwitso chodziwitsa nsomba, masikelo amakhala ngati pasipoti yeniyeni, yomwe imapereka mpata wodziwa zaka, kukula kwa pachaka, nthawi yomwe imakhala panyanja, mtsinje ndi chiwerengero cha mbeu.

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji msinkhu wa nsomba zomwe mulibe mamba kapena ndizochepa?

Pachifukwa ichi, kufufuza koyenera kungapangidwe pa chivundikiro cha gill, miyala yodutsa yamtunduwu ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali. Chifukwa cha njira zamakono zodziwira zaka za nsomba, malingaliro ambiri olakwika onena za moyo wodabwitsa wa carp, pike ndi catfish adachotsedwa. Ngakhale, mpaka lero, mabuku otchuka ndi othandiza amatchula kamtengo kakang'ono, kamene kankakhala kuti kanakhala zaka 267 ndipo chinafika polemera mafupa asanu ndi anayi. Chithunzi ndi mafupa a pike uyu zinasonyezedwa ku Germany museums kwa nthawi yaitali. Pambuyo pake, kuwerengera kwa mafupa a mafupawo kunasonyeza kuti chinachokera ku mafupa awiri (kapena kuposerapo) akuluakulu ndipo ndi chipatso cha kulengedwa kwa makolo achimuna ku Ostap Bender odziwika kwambiri.

Ndipo ngati mutagwiritsa ntchito deta yodalirika, ndiye kuti chiwerengero cha pike, nsomba za m'nyanja ndi white halibut ndi zaka 80, cod - zoposa makumi atatu, beluga - pafupifupi 100, herring ya nyanja - 25, sazana 20, nyemba zamasamba - 2, ndi azov anchovy - 3. Komabe , Cod ali ndi zaka 30 sakhala wamba kusiyana ndi anthu a zaka 100. Zimapita pang'onopang'ono kusiyana ndi khodi limakula mabasi. Kugonjetsedwa mu nsomba za famu ya pafupifupi masentimita 40 m'litali ndi zaka zolemekezeka (mpaka zaka 17!). Monga lamulo, nsomba zonse zakuya m'nyanja zimakula pang'onopang'ono . Kuwonjezeka kwa nsomba kutalika kumapita pang'onopang'ono kwa zaka, ndipo phindu lolemera limakhala likufulumizitsa.

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji msinkhu wa nsomba za m'nyanja?

Iye ndi wabwino Amatsimikiziridwa ndi mafupa: chaka chilichonse amakhala ndi nsomba amadziwika ndi mzere wophimba. Akatswiri a zamagetsi atsimikizira kuti ngakhale nsomba zotchedwa cartilaginous zimakhala mphete zamkati pachaka. Zimapangidwa pa miyezi yambiri, yomwe ili pansi pa mapiko a pectoral. Ndipo mu mitundu ina ya nsomba, zaka zimatsimikiziridwa ndi otoliths. Mukadulidwa, mphete za pachaka zimawoneka bwino. Asayansi ali ovuta kwambiri pa funso la momwe angadziwire msinkhu wa nsomba molondola momwe zingathere, popeza izi ziri ndi tanthauzo lenileni. Pofuna kufotokoza chiwerengero cha mitundu ina, munthu ayenera kumvetsa kukula kwa mtundu uwu. Nsomba zambiri zimakula mpaka kugonana mochedwa. Choncho, nsomba ya Amur kwa nthawi yoyamba imatulutsa zaka makumi awiri. Panthawiyi, akuyang'anitsitsa, popeza ngakhale kusintha kochepa komwe amakhala kumaloko kungawononge imfa yonse.

Ndiye bwanji kudziwa nthawi ya nsomba?

Zikuwoneka kuti palibe zovuta apa, ndipo pali njira zambiri za izi. Pali njira zambiri zovuta, koma pali zophweka, zofikirika kwa aliyense wa ife. Mukungofunika kudzikweza ndi galasi lokulitsa.