Kodi voteji

Ndi ganizo la "voteji" tonsefe nawo tsiku lililonse chifukwa dera ntchito si yekha kwa zipangizo. Izi mphezi pa mvula, ndi nsakali pa chisa pulasitiki ndi zovala ulusi kupanga ndi zina zotero.

Youma chinenero maphunziro limapereka tanthauzo kutsatira chodabwitsa kuti: voteji - ndi kuchuluka thupi zikusonyeza ndalama chochitidwa ndi mlandu pa 1 C (coulomb) opareshoni. M'khosi, nayenso limasonyeza kuchuluka kwa woyang'anira chuma akusowa conductive 1 chachiwiri ndi panopa cha 1 A.

Ndi chovomerezeka kwa tanthauzo lina, malinga ndi zimene voteji ndi chiŵerengero cha akugwira ntchito m'munda magetsi pa gulu mayeso (kafukufuku) mlandu pakati pa mfundo ziwiri, kufunika n'zosangalatsa kumva za lamulo limeneli. Pankhaniyi amaganiza kuti mlandu kutengerapo sikumangotikhudza kusiyana kuthekera (voteji sasintha), ndi njira ya gulu akhoza ananyalanyaza. Dongosolo ndi tanthauzo limeneli kwalembedwa motere:

U = A / Q,

kumene U - voteji, A - ntchito, Q - mlandu.

Kukumbukira zimene voteji mpandawo, palibe kuphunzira, chifukwa nsonga nthawi zonse pa dzanja, popeza zinthu zonse panopa zikusonyeza kufunika voteji ndi gawo ake: chakwanira kuyang'ana pa batire iliyonse. Unit - V (B, V).

Mawu akuti "voteji" kwa DC ndi AC madera zosiyana. Mu alternating panopa, yodziwika ndi nthawi sinusoid kudutsa mpaka ziro, ntchito mawerengedwe si yomweyo, ndipo RMS phindu. Izi ndi zotheka zikomo chakuti ntchito yake ndi yogwira katundu liniya limafanana numerically kwa DC voteji.

Amene ndinali nawo mwayi kuthana ndi Motors atatu gawo, ndithudi anafotokoza kulowa chachilendo mu makhalidwe pasipoti. Apo, mwa sitiroko limasonyeza voltages awiri monga 220/380 V. Palibe typo kumeneko, ndithu, zipangizo akhoza ntchito pa mfundo ziwiri zosiyana opaleshoni. Kodi maukonde 380 akhoza kutenga 220? Likukhalira, ndi voteji akhoza kukhala mwina gawo kapena liniya, malingana ndi njira muyeso. Gawo anatsimikiza ndi kuyeza kusiyana pakati pa gawo lirilonse ndi wochititsa ndale, ndi liniya - pakati pa ochititsa gawo. Polumikiza katundu dera mu makona, munthu akhoza kupeza liniya ndi ofanana gawo voltages, ndi madera "nyenyezi" gawo nthawi 1,73 zochepa liniya.

voltmeter - chipangizo wapadera ntchito kuyeza voteji. Mbali Aika - ndiyo kufunika kugwirizana tokosnimayuschih probes kudutsa katundu. Mkulu mkati kukana si atchule kupotoza shunting. N'chifukwa chake, mwachitsanzo, mu ntchito zapakhomo kungakhale kugwirizana kuti kubwereketsa ndi (mosiyana ammeter zikuphatikizapo dera).

Koma tiyeni storey chilinganizo maphunziro ndi kufufuza, kodi "magetsi voteji", mu yosavuta anthu. Choncho, kusiyana mlandu (kuthekera) pakati pa mfundo ziwiri umasinthasintha wochititsa kapena munda magetsi. Gwero zimene zimachititsa kayendedwe ka ndi wochititsa ma elekitironi (jenereta, batire) amapanga kumapeto chimodzi mwa zochuluka zawo, ndi zina - negative. Choncho, phindu la milandu ndi osiyana komanso. Wokwanira kulumikiza mfundo zimenezi a sing'anga aliyense kuchititsa, zimachitika ndi magetsi inawadutsa - kayendedwe ka particles mlandu, amamuchititsa n'chongoletsa kusiyana kumeneku. M'mawu ena, panopa adzatenge chikhalidwe kukhumba maatomu ndi boma lokhazikika zoopsa mphamvu ya maginito a jenereta lapansi. Mavuto pakhale popanda panopa ngati kulimbikira pakati pa mfundo yayikulu. Ikufotokoza chakuti mabatire si bwino kumenya "panopa."