Kodi waterline? mitundu waterlines

Nkhaniyi limafotokozera chimene waterline, chifukwa icho chiri ndi pamene koyamba mwa lamulo pa ntchito mokakamizidwa mmodzi wa mitundu yake.

zombo

A nthawi yaitali kwambiri ndipo njira yokhayo kuyenda zombo ndi kudya anakhalabe. Kumene, ntchito zawo zinafuna zingapo zoletsa, koma yabwino ndi otetezeka njira zina chabe kulibe.

M'kupita kwa nthawi, pamene iwo anatulukira kwambiri kapena zochepa odalirika navigation zipangizo, anthu amatha kuyenda pakati pa maiko, amene anali yojambula weniweni. Pang'onopang'ono, monga shipbuilders anatha kusintha kamangidwe ka zombo, iwo anayamba mokakamiza kuoneka chikhomo waterline. Koma kodi waterline ndi chifukwa chake kuli kofunika? Pochita zimenezi, tidzakhala kumvetsa, ndipo m'nkhani ino.

tanthauzo

Mawu amenewa anachokera ku chinenero Dutch, zomwe n'zomveka ndithu. Ndipotu, Kodi Ufumu oyamba amene ali apamwamba a zombo.

Madzi Line - mzere limene kukhudzana pamwamba pa madzi akadali pa sitima wamba sitima ya panyanja. Ngati mawu amenewa amaona kuti anthu a kamangidwe ngalawa, waterline - ndi yopingasa ndege ya gawo kuyandikira nyumba ya. Kotero tsopano ife kudziwa zimene waterline.

mitundu waterlines

The waterline ndi mitundu zotsatirazi:

• Zaphindu - mzere kuti walandiridwa monga maziko Kupanga ongolankhula zojambula. Kuchokera pa kuwerengetsera kuyambirira, izo zikusonyeza losiyanasiyana chombo tonnage.
• Katundu mzere lakonzedwa kudziwa pazipita kololeka drawdown chombo chifukwa ankachita. Childs, chotero waterline chikugwirizana ndi zaphindu.
• Akuti chimasonyeza asilikali, amene atsimikiziridwa ndi makhalidwe ongolankhula chombocho.
• Panopa si ntchito kwa wamba m'chombo, ndi lingaliro kuti amasonyeza panopa mlingo wa drawdown ya sitimayo malingana ake wakewo kapena mtundu wa madzi.

Ngati ife kulankhula za panopa mzere madzi, amaonekera malinga zosiyanasiyana zinthu, mwachitsanzo, mawonekedwe a alumikizana chiwiya kachulukidwe zakuthupi imene inamangidwa, kulemera kwa madzi ndi zipolowe ena.

M'dera la waterline angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwerengera koyefishienti wa chidzalo cha nyumba ya. Komabe, malingana ndi katundu, nyengo, osalimba madzi ndi zinthu zina, m'dera waterline akhoza zimasiyana kwambiri, ndipo ndi izo mayina chombo bata. Ngati ife kulankhula za m'litali, ali ngati gawo liniya pamene kudziŵa Froude chiwerengero zotengera ndi kusamutsidwa, motero liwiro awo chiphunzitso. Tsopano ife tikudziwa chomwe waterline.

Komabe, mwatsatanetsatane kupenda Baibulo limeneli pace, monga mzere katundu.

Plimsoll chizindikiro

Mu 1890, chilemba ofanana wakhala kuvomerezedwa pa zotengera zonse malonda. Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina ya waterline, cholinga chake chimakhala bwino ntchito.

mfundo ndi yakuti isanafike kumayambiriro kwa waterline zombo zoterezi ambiri wamalonda Amira chifukwa overloading, iwo amati kusiyana kachulukidwe madzi, malingana ndi dera, nyengo, amenewa ndi zinthu zina. Ndiye katundu mzere polima. Ndi izo, munthu udindo katundu, linaŵerengera pazipita chovomerezeka katundu pa bwato, poona njira, nyengo, mtundu madzi ndi magawo ena. Chitsanzo cha zizindikiro akhoza kuziona pa chithunzi pansipa.

Kunena mwachidule, katundu mzere kumene kunachitika kuti polojekiti wakewo ya chotengera, ndipo ngati madzi m'munsimu waterline, izo zonse nzabwino. Koma monga tanenera kale, izo zimatengera mtundu wa madzi, nyengo ndi magawo ena. Mu 1890, Britain linakhazikitsa lamulo pa ntchito mokakamizidwa mu mzere katundu.