Kolera - kolera ndi ...: Zoyambitsa, Zizindikiro, Matendawa ndi Chithandizo

zaka za - nthawi ya umisiri watsopano ndiponso kutulukira, kuphatikizapo m'munda wa mankhwala. Ngati kale matenda mliri kuti mows banja lonse ndi kumidzi, anauzira mantha kwa anthu, ngakhale lero, asayansi zachipatala apeza njira kuthana ndi matenda osachiritsika kale. Mwachitsanzo, kolera mliri mu Russia m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi inapha anthu oposa mamiliyoni awiri. Today Komabe, amafa ku matenda ndi% 5-10 yekha.

Mliri lalikulu m'mbiri ya anthu

Mliri - kupezeka kwa matenda kapena matenda. Mu mbiri yonse ya anthu, munthu angalandire dazeni zochepa za miliri kowopsya ndi woopsa.

1. A nthomba mliri. Iwo chepetse chiwerengero cha anthu a mu American ndi 100 miliyoni 10 1500! Zizindikiro za matenda - malungo, zopweteka thupi ndi molumikizana mafupa, totupa, chokhala zithupsa. njira ya HIV - airborne, kukhudzana-banja. The amafa - 30%.
2. Chimfine mliri. Yaikulu m'chaka cha 1918. Matendawa anapha anthu za zana miliyoni. Fuluwenza - mmodzi wa mliri koipa kwa tsiku.
3. Zikuvutitsa kapena "Makoswe." Mu 1348, matenda zinapha miyoyo ya theka ya ku Ulaya komanso kugunda China ndi India. Kusamutsa mliri makoswe, kapena kani, utitiri wa makoswe. Nthawi zina matenda inayambika mu nthawi yathu, m'madera anthu makoswe ang'ono. Zizindikiro za matenda - malungo, kukhosomola, hemoptysis, kupuma lolemera. njira yamakono ya mankhwala kulola lero kuthana ndi mliri.
4. Malungo mliri. Common chodabwitsa kwa anthu a Africa. Chonyamulira - ndi anopheles udzudzu. The amafa wa matenda chibwenzi amakhalabe m'malo okwezeka.
5. TB. Nthawi zina amatchedwanso "woyera mliri". Chifukwa chachikulu cha kufala kwa - zikhalidwe chowawa wa moyo ndi ntchito, umphawi. Mu magawo oyambirira a matenda ndi curable.
6. Kolera. Izi wathunthu madzi m'thupi, nthawi zambiri limadzetsa imfa. Six mliri kolera anapha anthu ambirimbiri m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Zizindikiro - kusanza, kutsekula m'mimba, khunyu. Infection kufalikira makamaka kupyolera chakudya ndi madzi.
7. AIDS. Choopsa miliri. matenda osachiritsika. Yekha chipulumutso - yokonza mankhwala moyo. Pachiopsezo ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
8. yelofiva. njira ya HIV ofanana ndi malungo. Zizindikiro - malungo, kupweteka kwa mutu, kusanza, zopweteka minofu. matenda makamaka umakhudza impso ndi chiwindi. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, khungu anthu amakhala achikasu.
9. Mliri Nthenda yofanana ndi tayifodi. Zizindikiro - malungo, kusafuna kudya, malaise ndi kufooka, kupweteka kwa mutu, kutentha thupi, kuzizira, nseru. Matendawo angachititse chitukuko cha chilonda, chibayo. Nthenda yofanana ndi tayifodi mliri makamaka mukopedwe zochita za Choyamba ndi Chachiwiri World nkhondo.
10. Ebola. Matenda oopsa. Woopsa zotsatira akupezeka 90% ya milandu. HIV imafalikira kudzera magazi, sputum a wodwalayo komanso kudzera umuna. Zizindikiro - woopsa mutu, malungo, nseru, m'dera la chifuwa ululu, zotupa m'mimba, kutha madzi m'thupi, magazi kuchokera ku ziwalo zonse.

Chifukwa chachikulu lonse kuti afalitse za matenda - chosowa malamulo a ukhondo, kulephera kutsatira ukhondo, chitukuko madera atsopano.

Mliri kolera

Kolera - matenda m'mimba, amene anatsagana ndi imfa lakuthwa wa madzimadzi, madzi m'thupi. Ndi chifukwa cha bakiteriya Vibrio kolera. njira ya kufalitsa matenda - chipangizo chamagetsi - mwa madzi, chakudya kachilombo. Pali mitundu ingapo ya kolera, aliyense aakulu awo. Mwachitsanzo, kolera Nepalese, sayambitsa vuto lililonse kwa m'deralo, izo zakhala HIV kumapha anthu Dominican Republic ndi Haiti.

The malo yaikulu ya mliri olembedwa Africa, Latin America ndi India. Ndipo ngakhale mankhwala amakono n'zotheka kuthana ndi matenda, chiŵerengero akadali 5-10%. Mu Russia, ndi kolera mliri wa 1830 unali waukulu woyamba chiwonetsero cha mtundu wa matenda. Mothandizana ndi mliri, iye anachotsa moyo wa anthu ambirimbiri.

Dzitetezeni ndi okondedwa a kolera n'kotheka, kuona zabwino munthu ukhondo. Makamaka tcheru kuti umoyo wawo ayenera kukhala anthu amene amakonda kuzungulira dziko ndi kunja. Nthawi zonse muyenera yayikulu eateries n'ngwokayikitsa ndipo masitolo khofi. Ndipo kugula chakudya pa misika zachilengedwe ndi malo apadera. Akapita m'mayiko ena, ndi bwino kuti katemera.

Atatu mitundu ya kolera

Kolera - matenda imagwira matumbo ndi impso. matenda angayambe anthu m'njira zitatu, malingana ndi mlingo wa madzi m'thupi.

1. Easy. Main zizindikiro - m'mimba, zina pang'ono kusanza, kusapeza m'mimba. Zilakolako mu chimbudzi kungakhale kwa kasanu patsiku. General ukupeza wodwalayo - zogwira mtima.
2. Wapakati mawonekedwe. Zizindikiro - m'mimba (kwa nthaŵi khumi tsiku), ndi kusanza, amene kukuchuluka. Wodwala zonse ludzu ndi youma pakamwa. Pangakhale pang'ono cramping minofu, mapazi, zala.
3. mawonekedwe kwambiri. matenda kolera panthawi imeneyi nthawi zambiri amapha. Zizindikiro - zambiri defecation, kwa nthawi makumi awiri tsiku mobwerezabwereza kusanza, ludzu, pakamwa youma, kusasa mawu. thupi ndi limafooka, munthu afika ndi chosiyana tione - nkhope zisonga, wogwa manja, maso olowa mkati. Milomo, makutu, khungu amakhala bluish mtundu. Choncho akufotokozera cyanosis. Pokodza imagwiridwa zochepa zambiri, ndipo posakhalitsa zithe palimodzi.

Ana ovuta kwambiri zowawa kolera. Ichi ndi chifukwa thupi lawo sanaphunzire kuti kupirira osaka madzimadzi.

Kupewa yabwino ya kolera - ndi ukhondo. Pa zizindikiro pang'ono likunena za matenda, ayenera yomweyo anapita ku chipatala cha thandizo oyenerera.

Kodi kuzindikira kolera?

Kawirikawiri matenda kusokonezedwa ndi matenda ena ofanana, mwachitsanzo, ndi poyizoni chakudya, amene ali ndi zizindikiro zofanana. poyizoni A, monga ulamuliro, anthu ambiri kuchitira okha. Chifukwa cha mankhwala chachitika, osati mwa mankhwalawa ndi matenda palokha nthawi imeneyi akhoza kukhala mtundu kwambiri.

Choncho, aliyense ayenera kudziwa kolera ndi, kodi zizindikiro zake ndi momwe kuti athane nalo. Choncho, zizindikiro zazikulu ndi:

1. Kutsekula kwa zisanu nthawi khumi kapena kuposerapo patsiku. chiwerengero cha kayendedwe matumbo pang'onopang'ono kumawonjezera ndi angafikire ku malita imodzi ndi theka pa nthawi!
2. Ululu ngati poizoni, palibe.
3. Kusanza ali ndi khalidwe kukula. Nseru si anati. madzi Naomi akufanana flakes mpunga.
4. Rapid madzi m'thupi. Khungu amakhala bluish mtundu. Munthu adzazunzidwa ndi ludzu nthawi zonse, pakamwa youma. Kodi kolera (Photo odwala), Tingaone mu kabuku kakuti sayansi ndi mainsaikulopediya (ndi pang'ono - m'nkhani ino).
5. Minofu omangana.

thandizo kwa kolera

Ngati wina ku banja anaona zizindikiro zonse kolera, muyenera yomweyo dokotala. Wodwala umamumvera hospitalization yomweyo. Komabe, pali nthawi zina pamene kupeza thandizo la mankhwala mwamsanga sichitha (kukhala kunja midzi). Pankhaniyi, aliyense adziŵe kupereka thandizo.

Ulamuliro waukulu - madzimadzi kwambiri. Kodi thupi limataya ngati mukufuna kuyesa 'kutsanulira ". Kumwa analimbikitsa aliyense theka la ora 200 ml. Koma siziyenera kukhala monga madzi, koma njira yapadera (pa lita imodzi ya madzi - supuni ya tiyi ya mchere ndi teaspoons anayi a shuga).

chidwi ziperekedwe kwa chimbudzi, disinfection awo. Abakha, ukhondo ayenera mosamala kukonzedwa kuti kupewa kufalikira kwa matenda. Zofunda ayenera kusinthidwa kawirikawiri. Zinthu mtima wosambitsa pa kutentha madigiri 90. Pambuyo kusamba, ndi wolakalakika kusita iwo.

kusamalitsa amenewa zifunika, chifukwa nsomba mu nyumba sadzakhala kovuta.

Etiology ndi EPIDEMIOLOGY a kolera

Mmodzi wa matenda oopsa kwambiri ndi osachiritsika a zaka kale kolera. Photo mabakiteriya wobadwa wakumvera maso, kupanga bwino kuti wothandizila ali ndi ndodo yokhota kumapeto ndi mitolo imodzi kapena ziwiri anakonza kosiyana kumuthandiza kusuntha.

Majeremusi amene amayambitsa kolera - chilengedwe okonda zamchere. Angathe ulemu wowuma ndi chakudya, komanso kuti liquefy gelatin. Tizilomboto amakhudzidwa kuyanika ndi UV kunyezimira. Pamene otentha tizilombo aphedwa yomweyo.

Popeza zimayambitsa kolera bakiteriya kuti akhoza kupezeka mu chakudya ndi madzi, kupewa bwino adzalungamitsa processing zakudya.

Ngati matendawo afika mu madzi akumwa, akhoza kudwala midzi yonse. Tikuyankhula zokhudza mliri. Ndipo pamene matenda kosaoneka dera limodzi kapena dziko lonse, ndiye pali malo ali ndi mliri. Kolera - ndi matenda ndi mliri ndi mliri.

Matendawa ndi mankhwala

Kumene, matenda "kolera" sangathe kupulumutsa paokha. Ena zizindikiro za matenda si kokwanira. mayeso zofunika zachipatala kuti akutsatiridwa mu wapadera bacteriological Laboratories. Kufufuza kufunika kwa mtima - masanzi, ndowe.

Ngati inu wofufuza mbiriyakale, kolera mliri mu 1830 kupha anthu ambiri ku Russia. Zonse zinakhalako kupanda mankhwala amphamvu a nthawi. Lero, matenda ndi mankhwala. Ndi zokwanira kupanga matenda yake ndi mankhwala.

Kumbukirani kuti kolera - mliri. Zimakhala bwanji anthu angapo banja. zizindikiro zilizonse Muzisamala akhale chifukwa chithandizo kuchipatala. The makulitsidwe nyengo ya kolera ndi kwa maola angapo kwa masiku asanu. Panthawi imeneyi, odwala ali kale zonyamulira kachilombo ndi tizilomboto kutulutsidwa mu chilengedwe.

chithandizo matenda ikuchitika yekha mu zipatala, mu Zipatalazo wapadera opatsirana. Ntchito yaikulu ya madokotala - kubwezeretsanso ndi kusunga bwino madzi m'thupi wodwala. Chifukwa chaichi, njira mchere ndi mankhwala.

Mabakiteriya causative ambiri kolera - ndi Agiriki biotype kolera ndi El wo- tsogolera. Onse mitundu amazindikira mankhwala. Choncho, mankhwala mulinso ntchito antimicrobials. Kawirikawiri ntchito mankhwalawa.

Njira yabwino koposa yoteteza kolera mu nthawi yathu - ndi katemera. katemera kutumikiridwa kawiri pamwezi. Mlingo zimadalira m'badwo wodwalayo.

Kupewa kolera

Kolera, komanso matenda aliwonse, kupewa kuposa kuchiza. Ndi zokwanira kusunga malamulo a ukhondo, komanso kutsatira malangizo onse chitetezo, amene ntchito kupewa matenda pachimake matumbo.

Choncho:

1. Kolera bakiteriya akhoza kupezeka mu chakudya, madzi. Choncho, simuyenera kumwa madzi magwero zokayikitsa. Zikafika poipa, ayenera wiritsani kachiwiri.
2. Masamba, zipatso, nsomba, nyama ndi zakudya zina yaiwisi ayenera bwinobwino ankachitira pamaso ntchito.
3. Inu simungakhoze kusambira m'madamu kumene sanepidemstantsii ziletso. Mwina madzi muli Bacillus a kolera kapena zina matenda aliwonse.
4. Odwala ndi zizindikiro kolera ayenera yomweyo m'chipatala ndipo chipinda kumene iwo anali, - mankhwala.
5. Kupita ku mayiko ena, ndi bwino kuti katemera. Kumene, katemera sangathe kupereka chitetezo mtheradi, koma mu nkhani ya matenda kumezanitsa thupi simudzavutika kuthana ndi matenda.

Munthu ayenera kukumbukira kuti ngakhale pambuyo wathunthu mabakiteriya kuchira kolera akhoza kuwononga thupi kachiwiri. Choncho, owonjezera maso ndi kusamala kuwawa!

Kodi matenda ana?

Matendawa akufotokozera ana, monga mwa akulu. Komabe, ana ndi kovuta kuti akwate matenda.

Nthawi zambiri, matenda kumachitika mwa madzi kapena chakudya. Koma mu nkhani ya ana n'zotheka matenda kudzera pafupi - kudzera manja akuda.

Kolera mabakiteriya kulowa m'thupi la mwana, ndi kuchititsa kuledzera lakuthwa ndi kutsekula m'mimba. Kukula kwa matenda kumabweretsa kusokonezeka kwa impso (nephropathy), mtima arrhythmia, edema m'mapapo mwanga. Ana ena kukhala khunyu, chikomokere. Kotero basi ayenera matenda oyambirira a matenda. Zikatero, matenda ndi n'ngochiritsika kolera ndi pafupi kwathunthu kwa nthawi.

Chithandizo cha ana odwala, ngati akulu, anachititsa n'kupuma yekha. Therapy umalimbana chimathandiza anataya madzi. Odwala aakulu madzi mawonekedwe chikuyendetsedwera m'nsinga.

Wodwala Care ilinso disinfection bwino excreta ndi katundu wa m'nyumba.

Musaiwale za kudya mokwanira ndi wathanzi. Ndipotu, pamene matenda ake munthu wotaya kwambiri a madzimadzi, ndi pa thupi lomwelo.

Kupewa yabwino ya kolera ana - kuti nthawi iriyonse paliponse kusamba m'manja, chakudya ndi kumwa madzi owiritsa. Zimenezi n'zofunika kwambiri makamaka pamene mwana kuchezera sukulu ya mkaka kapena sukulu.

Pomaliza

Kukula kwa mankhwala ndi sayansi mu nthawi wathu wapereka chigamulo kuchitira zosiyanasiyana matenda aakulu. Mwachitsanzo, mliri, nthomba, Nthenda yofanana ndi tayifodi anayamba matenda pokhapo titachitapo monga katemera ndi kuthetseratu iwo ku miyoyo yathu. Kolera, mosiyana, akugwirabe ntchito m'madera ena a Dziko Lapansi. Komabe anapeza njira zothandiza ya chithandizo cha matenda. Munthu ayenera nthawi yokha kupempha thandizo.

Wolembedwa mliri waukulu m'madera akumidzi a Africa, Asia ndi India. chifukwa chachikulu - madzi oipa, kusowa malamulo ukhondo, umphawi ndi mavuto. Kwa anthu ambiri m'mayiko amenewo, akuti "kuchipatala" sadziwa. Zikatero matenda kolera ndi chithandizo mwadzidzidzi angathe kuchitidwa paokha (ngakhale kulithetsa).