Kolomna, Cathedral wa Akukwera Cathedral: kufotokoza, mbiri ndi chidwi mfundo

Kopanda Cathedral mu Kolomna, yomwe ili m'malire a Kolomna Kremlin, amasirira kukongola wowuma mtima, wonyamula kuwala zouluka mawonekedwe. Iye ali ngati zolinga kandulo lawi kumwamba, moto mapemphero kwa Russia ndi anthu ake.

Cathedral mobwerezabwereza kuwonongedwa ndi kumangidwanso, kuuka kwa phulusa ndi dziko lake. Iye ali ndi pemphero kumwamba, oyera amene atumikira pano, chikondi lalikulu la anthu, nthawizonse ndalama zambiri kukonza mpingo.

Amene anamanga Cathedral wa Akukwera mu Kolomna?

Pamene Russian asilikali opambana mu nkhondo ndi Golden gulu pa mtsinje Vozha, onse Russia anakondwera. Woyera wotchedwa Dmitry Donskoi anaika chikumbutso cha chochitika ichi Mfundo Cathedral mu Kolomna. M'zaka za m'ma 14, panali kupambana wina waukulu mu Nkhondo ya Kulikov pa Mamai. Ndipo Zoonadi pa mfundo iyi pomanga mpingo inatha.

Nthawi imeneyi, pa tchalitchi anali ngati bambo wauzimu ndi atamva Chisindikizo cha St. wotchedwa Dmitry Donskoy, Metropolitan Michael. Modabwitsa munthu wamphatso, amene anasankhidwa mutu wa Mpingo Orthodox Russian, anafa imfa ozizwitsa njira Constantinople. Yomanga kachisi anali kuimira chiwombolo cha anthu ku Mongol-Chitata goli.

M'matchalitchi wa Akukwera Cathedral

parishi ina anali odzipereka kwa Dormition ya Amayi a Mulungu, pakuti ali magulumagulu tchuthi imeneyi ndi chigonjetso anabwerera kumzinda izo zikusonyeza chitetezero ake kupemphera. Ndipotu, ngati iye anapemphera kwa chigonjetso ndi kudalitsa gulu lankhondo la kachisi wamkulu - Don chithunzi chake.

Wina Parish m'munsi anali odzipereka mu ulemu wa Dmitriya Solunskogo, monga wake wotchedwa Dmitry Donskoy ankaona woyang'anira wake woyera.

Pakuti m'matchalitchi pamwamba awiri anasankhidwa Saint Nikita, amadziwika ndi zozizwitsa zambiri, ndi St Leonty Rostovsky, omwe analalikira Rostov ndipo anaphedwa ndi anthu achikunja.

Kachisi pamene wotchedwa Dmitry Donskoy

Ngakhale ambiri mutu yosanjikizana Cathedral wa Akukwera mu Kolomna ankaoneka yaikulu poyerekeza ndi mipingo ina ya Moscow.

Analengedwa ndi kachisi wotchedwa Dmitry Donskoy anaima fomu iyi mpaka 1672. Iwo anali penti pambuyo pa imfa yake, kampani ankachita nawo ntchito ya mkazi wake, kuganiza angapo kasamalidwe choncho.

Mkati tchalitchi ndinali ulemerero wolemera. Tiakachisi anali Don chithunzi cha mayi wa Mulungu, chimene chinali Mfundo Cathedral mu Kolomna (woyambitsa zinali Feofan Grek), Ioanna Krestitelya zotsalira. M'kachisi, ndi nyumba yaikulu inamangidwa.

Mbiri yonse ya Mfundo Cathedral mu Kolomna kumagwirizana ndi mbiri ya Russia, kupambana kwake ndi zochitika zodabwitsa.

Kolomna kachisi ndi Ivan m'khutu

Mu ulamuliro wa Ioanna Groznogo June 23, 1552 pa Akukwera Cathedral mu Kolomna Bishop Theodosius, nalemekeza asilikali nkhondo yolimbana ndi Chitata pa Tula, analamula kuti aliyense sadzasiya Mpingo mpaka Mulungu amasonyeza chifuniro chake. Pambuyo pake, adani anabwerera.

masiku khumi kenako, asilikali Russian anapita pa ntchito yochotsa Kazan, Ambuye mfumu Yohane anapereka kachisi kachisi - chizindikiro cha Don Mayi wa Mulungu. Ivan m'khutu ndi anatenga chizindikirochi kuti Moscow, kutumiza kachisi awiri mndandanda wabwino m'malo.

Pavel Aleppsky za kachisi

Kachisi woyera-mwala anapanga kuganiza kukoma pa Pavla Aleppskogo, ndipo mosangalala, analongosola m'buku lake. , Iye imakhumbira mpweya wake otchuka, airy, ozungulira, kanjedza matabwa ndi mitanda gilded. Iye ananena mwatsatanetsatane maguwa, mawindo, zapansi ndi crypts. Kumene, kudzikondweretsa belu nsanja ya Mfundo Cathedral mu Kolomna, arches kukongoletsa, finely losema, mabelu khumi zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, makamaka gladdened mitima ya okhulupirira. Chikondwerero kuimba mabelo inali yaikulu ngati bingu, ndi limene anawonjezera ndi lilt melodic chinayandama pa mpweya makilomita ambiri, koma anthu akumva chimes, anagwada motsogozedwa mpingo ndipo anabatizidwa.

Cathedral belu nsanja

Osiyana chinyumba chachikulu belu nsanja inamangidwa m'zaka 17. Mkulu dongosolo amakona anayi ndi korona ndi phirilo zooneka mzikiti.

view okhwima nyumbayi anatsindika kufunika zimene zikuchitika izo. Pambuyo pa kutsekedwa a tchalitchi mu 1929 mabelu zonse zinawonongedwa, izo tsopano abwezeretsedwa belfry ndi yaikulu katundu belu dzina lake polemekeza mabishopu, Pimen.

Yokonzanso ndi kachisi

Kopanda Cathedral mu Kolomna anamanga St. Dmitriem Donskim ndi kuima kwa zaka zambiri, anaganiza kumanganso kwathunthu. Kuchita izi, izo anawachotsa mu 1672, ntchito zimene akuyang'anira wamanga Meletiju Alekseev.

Maziko a nyumba yatsopano a tchalitchi chinaikidwa miyala yoyera ankaiphwasula kachisi, mwina anasiya akale maziko anamanganso njerwa makoma, zipangizo bwino anasunga ankagwiritsa ntchito mu nyumba yatsopano. Pa ntchito panatenga zaka pafupifupi khumi. Mobwerezabwereza kukonza ndi kubwezeretsa kwa zikusintha maonekedwe a kachisi.

Matabwa denga kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 18 m'malo mwa chitsulo, Kenako anamanga iconostasis latsopano, ngakhale pambuyo zaka pafupifupi, anasintha mawonekedwe machaputala. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 19, pa tchalitchi anali utoto. Pa nthawi iyi mu Cathedral Archpriest Mikhail Drozdov anali tate wa m'tsogolo St. Filaret wa Moscow.

Ena mwa kusintha zimene zinachitika m'zaka 19 mochedwa, awawongolera ndi kubwezeretsedwa ndi ntchito yaikulu kubwezeretsedwa mu 1963. Ndi 1999, tchalitchi kwathunthu anakongoletsa ndipo ankakhulupirira wodzipereka ndi mabishopu, Alexy II.

Kukonda dziko lako Nkhondo ya 1812 ndi chintchito John bambo ake

Pa moto mu Moscow mu 1812, anthu a Kolomna bwino anaona chowala yaikulu. Aliyense amene akanatha, anachoka mu mzindawu mantha: anthu, akuluakulu amene adzasiye ovulala, kuphatikizapo alaliki ambiri, nathawa. Mu Mfundo Cathedral anali Archpriest Ioann Tverdovsky meya awo Fedorom Andreevichem Dashkovym. Iwo anamutcha tsiku lililonse pamwamba pa kulambira ndi kukondwerera masakalamenti.

Morning Mabelu ankadziwa kuti anthu zikwizikwi. Anawamva iwo adadziwa kuti Kolomna wawo. Zinali ndithu chintchito kukhulupirika kwa utumiki.

kachisi woyera

Mbiri ya Mfundo Cathedral mu Kolomna ndi inextricably zogwirizana ndi mbiri ya Russia, anthu ake ndi atsogoleri achipembedzo. Wotchedwa Dmitry Donskoy, ndi Ivan m'khutu ali pano madalitso ndi zinachititsa kuti chigonjetso a asilikali ndi chifaniziro cha Don chithunzi cha mayi wa Mulungu.

Mu kachisi uyu anatumikira monga Saint Yobu, Bishop wa Kolomna - kholo lakale woyamba wa Moscow ndipo onse Russia. Iye analandira ndi maphunziro achipembedzo, oyambirira anagwira monasticism, anatenga izo ndi chifuniro cha makolo awo kanthu adatsogola kunena naye kuti adzipereke moyo wake kutumikira Mulungu ndi lawo. Tsar Ivan m'khutu amamuganizira Pamaulendo kuti mchitidwe. Posakhalitsa anakhala Metropolitan otsiriza ndi mabishopu, woyamba wa Russia. Iye ankachita nawo kusintha Tchalitchi ndi ntchito waumishonale, bungwe yosindikiza mabuku mapemphero.

Napemphera kumeneko waukulu Russian Saint Ioann Kronshtadtsky akuchezeredwa kuti Kolomna, zikwi okhulupirira anamulandira, chionetsero chachikulu. Atumiki ambiri odzipereka zochuluka wake wauzimu, analemekeza kukhala oyera, ndipo mosakayikira zambiri oyenera, ndipo maina awo kudziwika kwa Mulungu.

ofera mpingo

Makumi a zikwi za ansembe pambuyo utasintha anali pansi zoopsa wozunzikirapo, kupereka ndi links.

Gulu la oyera anawonjezera mayina a anthu amene alandira chisomo cha kufera Khristu, sanatsutse, ndipo anafa ndi pemphero pa milomo yake.

Wotchedwa Dmitry Vdovin anabadwa ndi anakulira m'banja la anthu wamba, kuchita malonda ndipo anatumikira mu zinyama mpingo. Kuyambira mu 1922 mpaka 1927-TH, pamene izo zinali zoopsa moyo ngakhale kuvomereza kuti ndinu Mkristu, iye anali ndi zinyama pa Akukwera Cathedral mu Kolomna. Mwachidule ndikuuzeni ngati tsoka lake, m'pofunika kuona chinthu chofunika: iye mlandu propaganda odana Soviet. Iye anamangidwa pamodzi ndi atsogoleri ena. Mu 1937, pamene pomufunsa, iye anatsimikizira kuti wokhulupirira, kotero ananditumiza kundende kumene anakafa TB.

Titamaliza seminare, anatumikira mu Mfundo Cathedral mu Kolomna dikoni mpaka 1918 SERGEY (Bazhanov), ndiye anadzozedweratu kuti unsembe, anasamukira ku mudzi wa Utatu nyanja. Nthawi yoyamba iye anamangidwa, anali zaka 2 m'ndende, ndiyeno anatumiza kwa msasa yaukapolo. Atamasulidwa, utumiki anapitiriza. Koma mu 1937, Atate Sergio kachiwiri kundende ya Taganka, ndi masabata awiri kenako anaphedwa ndi anaikidwa mu manda unmarked.

Kuyambira 1920 mpaka 1929 iye anali bishopu mu mpingo Fedosov (Ganitsky). Ndi nthawi ya kufika ake Kolomna iye anali atapulumuka kuzunzidwa ndi kumangidwa, anaziika zonse lakhazikitsidwa kwa iwo. Ngakhale zonse, anatumikira, kulalikira ndi maso. Iye anakhala kumeneko zaka 2 m'ndende Butyrskaya, namtsata ndi zaka 5 Kolomna. Iye canonized mu 2006 pamene svyaschennoispovednik.

Chipembedzowo mwachangu kumbuyo atumiki, kusonkhanitsa anasaina, akatulukire kwa NKVD. N'zotheka kuti ena mwa iwo, nayenso, anali kulipira izo ndi miyoyo yawo ndi ufulu. Atagwidwa Bishop Theodosius mu 1929 Mfundo Cathedral mu Kolomna chinatsekedwa tikhoza agwidwa ndipo anadetsa, kuwonongedwa mafano onse, ena iconostasis chosema. Koma kuti angayerekezedwe ndi magazi a anthu olungama, amene anatumiza adzaza dziko Russian.

Chitsitsimutso cha moyo wauzimu wa Kolomna

Moyo wauzimu wa Kolomna wakhala kukula mofulumira kuyambira 1989 motsogozedwa ndi mapemphero Nicholas Kachankina.

Sande sukulu linatsegulidwa, komwe ana ndi akulu angaphunzile Uthenga Wabwino ndi Malemba, lamulo la Mulungu, mapemphero, nyimbo.

Chirengedwe cha dzina Orthodox Abale Woyera Prince Dimitriya Donskogo mu 1991 kunali chochitika kwambiri mu Moscow chigawocho. Iwo ukugwira ntchito yophunzitsa ndi chikondi. Gulu Orthodox achinyamata kayendedwe, club ali maphunziro osiyanasiyana, kukonda kwambiri dziko kalabu, Maphunziro Medical Center "Moyo". The msuzi khitchini kudyetsa mazana a mabanja. Abale mabuku nyuzipepala "Mlaliki".

Nyengo ya Isitala ndi chikondwerero cha nyimbo zopatulika, zoimbaimba kwambiri, mungapezeko alidziwe mpingo kuimba cholowa, ntchito ya olemba ndi magulu chidwi.

Chifukwa chikondi anthu, mapemphero, ntchito za oyera, mpingo alipo lero ndi lotseguka kwa anthu onse amene afuna kukaona utumiki, mverani zodabwitsa kuimba tchalitchi, kuika kandulo ndikuganiza zobisika.