Kudzala maula masika. Maula: chisamaliro ndi kulima

chakuti panali kuda m'minda anthu kale nthawi yathu ino - ndi mfundo zodziwika bwino. Osewera ndi zipatso onunkhira chikondi, ngati si onse zambiri. Iwo akhoza kudya mwatsopano zouma, kuphika kwa iwo compote ndi kupanikizana, kupanikizana ndipo ngakhale sauces. Doubly mwayi kwa anthu munda wawo, monga kulima nthuza sadzatenga nthawi zambiri anu. Makamaka tsopano kuti anasonyeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi hybrids, ngakhale m'madera ozizira.

Kodi ndi mitundu iti

Obereketsa ntchito mosalekeza, ndi chifukwa pafupifupi chaka chirichonse ife kupeza latsopano, bwino mitundu. Lembani m'nkhani imodzi, ndithudi, zotheka, koma mndandanda ndi mwachilungamo yaitali. Tsopano mwachangu nakulitsa pafupifupi mitundu. Kudzala maula mu Urals, mu Siberia kapena chapakati Russia ali aligorivimu chomwecho, koma nkhani yaikulu ndi kusankha cultivar, yoyenera kwambiri m'deralo. mitundu yonse ya conventionally m'magulu magulu malinga ndi zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana. Mu ichi ukhala gulu.

1. Dzira kuda. Za maonekedwe Tingaone mu mutu. Ndithu lalikulu zipatso ndi tayala chowulungika mawonekedwe, wopanda khalidwe kotenga zamkati. Mayina a mitundu zimatulutsa malingana mtundu: buluu, wofiira, wachikasu. Oyenera mowa atsopano ndi kumalongeza.
2. Hungary maula cultivar. Anthu ambiri sadziwa kuti pansi pa dzina ili amaphatikizidwa ndi gulu la cultivars. Pakuti khalidwe mtundu wonse mdima wa zipatso otsimikiza thupi ndi osiyana m'mimba msoko. Mitengo kukula kwambiri moti korona theka-kufalikira. Kumayambiriro kwambiri waima Italy maula cultivar Vengerka. zipatso zake zazikulu ndi ovoid, mdima buluu mtundu ndi kukhudza wofatsa ndi lalikulu saphenous mfundo. thupi si onunkhira kwambiri lachikasu wobiriwira hue. Chifukwa transportability zake zabwino zosiyanasiyana odziwika padziko lonse. Komanso, Dziwani ya Chihangare wamba (kunyumba), azhanskuyu, Moscow, Zimnitsa, Vangeyma ndi ena.
3. Greengage (woyamba chithunzi). Izi subspecies a maula kunyumba. Mitengo opondapo, mpaka 7 mamita mu msinkhu, ndi zoumbika mosiyanasiyana korona. zipatso ndi ozungulira kapena dzira-mphako, osati lalikulu kwambiri (m'mimba mwake mpaka 5 cm). mtundu zimadalira zosiyanasiyana: wobiriwira, wofiira, wachikasu kapena buluu. thupi ndi wokoma, wandiweyani ndipo yowutsa mudyo kwambiri. Kusunga natengedwa ngati maula zoipa, choncho ndi bwino kuwasonkhanitsira mu mawonekedwe pang'ono zosapsa. The mitundu wotchuka greengage Karbysheva, Altana, Cooperative, etc ...
4. Gulu mitundu Mirabelle. zipatso ang'ono, golide mtundu ndi mawonekedwe wozungulira mbali dzuwa mbali zambiri ndi chibakuwa chowala. Home zosiyanasiyana Malaya Aziya, koma tsopano sizachilendo mu Europe, makamaka France. N'zotheka ankafika maula masika mu mzinda kapena njira pakati, komwe udzakhala kumverera bwino. Zosiyanasiyana: Large, Small, udindo winanso, Nancy, The September.
5. Damson. A chitsamba chilichonse yaing'ono kapena mtengo. Izi subspecies ina ya maula kunyumba. Iwo ali mkulu kupirira ndi kulemekeza zinthu chokhwima zachilengedwe ndi masiyanidwe. Wodzichepetsa ndi zosavuta kusamalira, mofulumira ndipamene ziyangoyango weniweni.
6. maula Canada. Amazing gulu la mitundu, zimasiyanasiyana topangira DNA ku asuweni ku Ulaya (16 ndi 48 motero). mitundu Hardy kwambiri chingathe kupirira frosts zovuta 45-50 ° C, n'zotheka ankafika maula mu Siberia. Pali drawback chimodzi - ndi mtanda mungu mitengo anabzala muyenera zomera zingapo. Kukula ndi kukoma zipatso zimasiyanasiyana mkulu mediocre. Zokolola ndi mkulu, mpaka makilogalamu 70 pa mtengo. Popular mitundu: De SOTO, Terry Tekumsech, Nancy.

Posankha malo

Kwambiri mulingo woyenera ndi opindulitsa njira - ndi otsetsereka yaulemu ya kum'mwera, chakumadzulo ndi kumadzulo mbali. Kudzala maula analimbikitsa pa malo ambiri-usavutike, dothi ndi aeration wabwino. Ngati inu kuikapo m'chigwa kapena pa mpanda, muyenera mitengo akadali chinakwera ndi ena phiri yokumba. kutalika awo ayenera kukhala mu osiyanasiyana 40-50 cm, ndi patsinde m'lifupi ayenera 1.8-2 m.

Maula wakonda imvi nkhalango loam ndi dothi wakuda. Madzi ndi permeability mpweya ayenera kukhala wabwino. Ngati mukufuna kudzala mitengo ina, ndiye kuganizira makhalidwe kalasi (kutalika, kufalitsa korona ndi zina zotero. D.). Est chiwembu - 4 2 mamita.

Kudzala maula: masika kapena yophukira?

Pankhani imeneyi apatukane. Ena wamaluwa pongofuna njira yoyamba ndi yachiwiri ankafika chilolezo nthawi iliyonse. Mfundo palibe malamulo kuvomerezedwa, malangizo chabe. Kugula mbewu mu kugwa kungakhale, izo zonse zimadalira m'derali, koma m'pofunika kubzala maula masika. Mu mzinda ndipo madera a kum'mwera kwa mbande ndithu nthawi mizu pamaso chisanu ndi kupeza mphamvu, koma Urals ndi Siberia n'zovuta Choncho, nthawi zambiri zomera achinyamata amaundana. tikungotaya nthawi yochepa, ndalama komanso khama. Mwezi ambiri abwino - April, koma ayenera zochokera kwa nthaka (kupanga kwathunthu thawed ndi kutenthetsa). Choncho, Siberia - ndi zaka makumi atatu.

Kukonzekera kwa ikamatera dzenje

Maphunziro akuyamba ndi kugwa kapena kasupe mwamsanga masabata isanafike kubzala. Dzenje ayenera kukhala pafupifupi 60 cm ndi 60-70 masentimita awiri. nthaka ayenera kuchotsedwa therefrom ndi wothira humus zabwino alionse 2: 1. Inu mukhoza kuwonjezera pang'ono feteleza mchere pawiri. Ndiye lonse nthaka osakaniza ku tulo. Kubzala maula masika kumaphatikizapo mobwerezabwereza osaya kukumba mwamsanga pamene nthaka kupukuta kunja, kuti akuya 1.5 mpeni zokumbira. Onetsetsani kuti akonze msomali matabwa. Mmera ayenera kumanga ndi mizu bwino mizu banja loyamba la zaka.

Kodi muyenera kulabadira

Choyamba, ankafika maula kasupe kapena kugwa zizichitidwa molondola. Mmera muzu kolala adzaikidwe pa masentimita 5-7 pamwamba nthaka. Pang'onopang'ono nthaka zikukhazikitsa, ndipo kudzakhala komwe mukufuna. Recessed ankafika zoipa chifukwa zingachititse kuti kotekisi zaprevanie, ndiwo m'kupita zoipa kukula ndi fruiting mtengo.

Chachiwiri, samalani ndi fetereza - ndi bwino kuika osachepera overdo izo. Musagwiritse ntchito manyowa, humus ndi kompositi yekha. Ndi unyinji wawo pa zabwino prostimuliruete kukula kwa nthambi yatsopano m'chaka, ndi pa zikachitika - apeza kuwotcha mizu.

kuthirira

Kudzala maula kasupe ndi autumn adzatenge wotsatira kuthirira wochuluka - zidebe ziwiri lililonse mmera. Ndiye, nthaka ayenera zamulchirovat. Kuda amatanthauza mitengo chinyezi-wachikondi, kotero mu youma yotentha Pakufunika madzi owonjezera (nthawi 3-4 pa nyengo). Woyamba ikuchitika pakati pa May, ndiyeno pambuyo pa mapeto a maluwa, pamene kumayamba ndi tima kukula kwa chipatso, wachitatu pamaso iwo anayamba kukhuta (July), ndi wachinai mu autumn, pa chiyambi cha October. kutsirira Normal zimadalira zaka mitengo - mitsuko 3 mpaka 8 madzi. Pambuyo pake, musaiwale mopepuka kumasula dothi, koma pa akuya osaya (5-7 cm), kuti kuwononga mizu.

Top kuvala feteleza

Kukula nthuza pa malo kumatanthauza nthawi feteleza mtengo. Koyamba feteleza chagwiritsidwa mu chaka chachitatu mutabzala. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito zigawo zikuluzikulu organic - humus kapena kompositi (7 kg) ndi phulusa (200 g) pa mita lalikulu pamene kukumba osaya dzenje bwalo pansi. Pa yogwira nyengo kukula kukhala mchere kwambiri feteleza zovuta. Mu April oyambirira izo kumapangitsa kukula kwa mphukira zatsopano, masamba ndi zimayambira, ndi kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe - Kumathandiza kuika masamba a maluwa ndi kupanga zipatso. Asafe feteleza ndi bwino kuti madzi, koma phosphorous ndi potaziyamu, amene bwino sungunuka, ndi bwino kuwonjezera kwa nthaka mu kugwa. Komanso zothandiza hydrated laimu (pa mita lalikulu 1 50-100 g).

Kudulira maula kunyumba

Kuwonjezera kuthilira ndi feteleza feteleza, amafuna nthawi Ndikudzikhuthula yokonza ndi kupanga korona wabwino. Izi bwino anachita mu kasupe pamene kuyamwa otaya Sichinatsitsidwe anayamba panobe. Mlengalenga kutentha iyenela kotsika mutasiya kusinthasintha lakuthwa (mpaka -10 ° C). Ngati mwasankha chilimwe, mulole izo zikhale theka wake woyamba wa bala pamaso yozizira anali kuchedwa. Kudulira pamaso yozizira, pamene chiri pafupi isanayambike nyengo yozizira, ndi osavomerezeka.

Kuyamba mapangidwe mtengo ayenera kukhala pa siteji mmera, pamene kubzala zichitike masika maula toyesa aang'ono mofulumira kukhala ndi kukula. Izi zidzathandiza kulenga zabwino, korona yoyenera. Akale ndi okhwima mitengo ndi cholinga amazidulira rejuvenation, awo thinned wosweka kuchotsedwa, odwala zouma ndi akusisita ndi ulusi wina ndi mnzake. Ngati zosiyanasiyana maula-kukula ndi amapereka ponso zoposa 70 cm, mphukira akanapanda kufupikitsidwa kuti 1/3 m'litali. Koyamba, zonse zikuoneka zovuta kwambiri, kotero tikukulimbikitsani wamaluwa novice kuonana ndi akatswiri, kuwerenga mabuku, penyani makalasi mbuye kenako, zida zosadzira mitengo, kumukweza mitengo yawo.

Kuchotsa mphukira muzu

Ichi ndi chinthu china chofunika mu kukula nthuza pa Intaneti. Iwo ayenera yomweyo kuti sitiyenera nsoni achabechabe ndi kusokoneza mphukira anakafika ku mizu. Ziribe kanthu momwe wabwino, wamphamvu ndi kusalaza palibe pothawira kanthu, iwo ayenera kuchotsedwa. Zimafooka mtengo, kuchepetsa zokolola. Growth, kupita ku muzu, ndi mbendera za mavuto, choncho, thunthu kapena mizu ya nthuza kuonongeka. Njira yochotsera ake ochepa, kuphatikizapo chithandizo mankhwala. Mpofunika miyambo Baibulo - zosadzira mitengo kumathandiza kuti zinthu zikhale. The chenjezo chachikulu - safuna kuti kudula pa msinkhu pansi, monga adzakhala hule kukula kwambiri. Kukumba mphukira wa kachitidwe kawo muzu ndiye amachotsedwa ndi chida lakuthwa. Fossa anatsatira yokutidwa ndi nthaka.

Maula, chisamaliro ndi kulima umene uli m'mbali ndi sidzatenga nthawi pang'ono kuti akhale mmodzi wa mitengo wotchuka m'munda. Icho chidzakhala chaka ndi chaka kusangalala ndi zipatso onunkhira.