Kumveka nkhawa. Kodi kumveka dera

Kumveka bwino ndi imodzi mwa ambiri mu chikhalidwe, zochitika thupi. Chodabwitsa kumveka zingaoneke mu makina, magetsi ndi ngakhale matenthedwe kachitidwe. Popanda kumveka, ife analibe wailesi, TV, nyimbo ndi ngakhale chikubweranso pa bwalo lamasewero la, osanenapo zosiyanasiyana zothandiza matenda ntchito mankhwala amakono. Chimodzi mwa chidwi ndi zothandiza mitundu ya dera kumveka ndi kumveka voteji.

Zinthu za dera resonant

Kumveka kumachitika mu otchedwa RLC-madera, kupanga zigawo izi:

• R - resistors. Izi zipangizo zokhudzana otchedwa zinthu yogwira dera magetsi, mphamvu magetsi ali n'kukhala kutentha. M'mawu ena, iwo kuchotsa mphamvu kuchokera ku dera ndipo uzidzatenga kutentha.
• L - inductance. Inductance m'madera magetsi - analogi wa misa kapena inertia mu kachitidwe makina. chigawo ichi si noticeable kwambiri dera mpaka inu kuchita zimenezo mu kusintha. Mu zimango, mwachitsanzo, monga kusintha ndi kusintha mathamangidwe. The magetsi dera - kusintha panopa. Ngati pazifukwa zina zikachitika, ndi inductance anatchula ngati dera boma kusintha.
• C - chikhazikitso cha capacitors, amene tizipangizo kusunga mphamvu ngati zamagetsi, monga masika kusunga mphamvu mawotchi. Inductance limafotokoza ndi masitolo mphamvu ya maginito, pamene capacitor mlandu limafotokoza chotero zimasunga mphamvu ya magetsi.

Lingaliro la dera resonant

Mfundo zikuluzikulu ndi resonant dera inductance (L) ndi capacitance (C). The resistor ali ndi vuto damping wa oscillations, choncho amachotsa mphamvu kuchokera ku dera la. Mu kusanthula njira kunachitika mu dera resonant, ife mongoyembekezera kunyalanyaza, koma tiyenera kukumbukira kuti, monga mphamvu ya mikangano mu kachitidwe makina, magetsi kukana m'madera sangathe kuchotsedwa.

The kumveka kwa voltages kumveka ndi mafunde

Malinga njira kulumikiza mfundo zikuluzikulu za dera la kumveka kungakhale siriyo ndi kufanana. Pamene polumikiza mndandanda resonant dera mbendera voteji gwero ndi pafupipafupi ndi imodzimodzi ndi pafupipafupi zachilengedwe, akamaziwononga, auka maganizo ayankhe. The kumveka mu dera magetsi olumikizidwa ku kufanana ndi zinthu zotakasika amatchedwa mafunde kumveka.

Pafupipafupi achilengedwe a dera resonant

Ife zingachititse dongosolo kuti oscillate pa pafupipafupi achilengedwe. Kuti tichite zimenezi, muyenera choyamba mlandu capacitor, monga tikuonera chithunzi pamwamba kumanzere. Pambuyo pa zimenezi, chofunika kwambiri kunditumiza ku malo tikuonera chithunzi chomwecho kumanja.

Nthawi "0", onse mphamvu ngati zamagetsi kusungidwa mu capacitor, ndipo panopa ku dera ndi wofanana ndi ziro (chithunzi m'munsimu). Onani kuti mbale pamwamba capacitor ali ndithu mlandu, ndipo pansi - mu negative. Sitingathe kuona oscillations wa ma elekitironi mu dera, koma tikhoza kuyeza ammeter panopa, ndipo ndi oscilloscope kuwutsata ndi kudalira nthawi panopa. Onani kuti T pa zochita zathu - nthawi zimatengera kumaliza wina oscillation zimakhudza okonza magetsi amatchedwa "Mofulumira nthawi."

The utuluke panopa mu mobwerera malangizo (Onani chithunzi m'munsimu). Mphamvu anasamutsa kwa condenser kuti inductor lapansi. Koyamba zingaoneke zachilendo kuti inductance limapereka mphamvu, koma ndi yofanana ndi mphamvu kayendedwe ali misa ikuyenda.

The otaya mphamvu amagwanso condenser, koma dziwani kuti polarity wa capacitor lapansi tsopano asintha. M'mawu ena, mbale pansi tsopano ali ndi mlandu zabwino ndi mbale chapamwamba - mlandu zoipa (chithunzi m'munsimu).

Kachitidwe tsopano kwathunthu kuthetsedwa, ndi mphamvu umayamba kuyenda kwa condenser kubwerera kwa inductance (onani chithunzi m'munsimu). Chifukwa, mphamvu kwathunthu ku mfundo zake poyambira ndipo ndi wokonzeka kuyamba mkombero mwatsopano.

The oscillation pafupipafupi akhoza approximated motere:

• F = 1 / 2π (LC) ^0,5,

kumene: F - pafupipafupi, L - inductance, C - capacitance.

Akuti muchisanzo chimenechi, ndondomeko umalimbikitsa akamanena thupi kumveka voteji.

Investigation voteji kumveka

M'madera weniweni LC pali nthawizonse kukana pang'ono omwe amachepetsa ndi lililonse mkombero kuonjezera matalikidwe panopa. Pambuyo m'zinthu zambiri, panopa yafupika ziro. Amenewa amatchedwa "damping wa sinusoidal mbendera". Mlingo wa kuvunda panopa kuti ziro zimadalira kukana mu dera la. Komabe, kulimbikira sasintha pafupipafupi wa oscillations kumveka dera. Ngati kulimbana ndi lalikulu okwanira, oscillation sinusoidal sizidzachitika konse mu kuzungulira.

Mwachionekere, kumene pafupipafupi zachilengedwe a oscillation akhoza kumveka malemeredwe ndondomeko. Timachita zimenezi mwa kuphatikizapo mu Daisy unyolo mphamvu kundipatsako kwa alternating panopa (AC), monga momwe kumanzere. Mawu akuti "variable" akusonyeza kuti gwero linanena bungwe voteji zimasiyanasiyana ndi pafupipafupi zina. Ngati mphamvu zoyendetsera pafupipafupi chikugwirizana ndi pafupipafupi zachilengedwe a dera la, voteji kumveka kutero.

Terms of yatsoka

Tsopano tikambirana zinthu za yatsoka kumveka voteji. Monga tikuonera chithunzi watha, tinabwerera ku resistor mu dera la. Ndi palibe resistor mu kuzungulira panopa mu dera resonant zingawonjezere kuti mtengo pazipita anatsimikiza ndi magawo dera amafotokozera ndi magetsi. Kuwonjezera kukana wa resistor mu dera la kumveka kumawonjezera chizolowezi kwa attenuation wa masiku ano dera, koma sikumangotikhudza pafupipafupi Phokoso kumveka. Childs, mode voteji kumveka zimachokeradi ngati impedance a dera la kumveka imakwaniritsa R = 2 (L / C) ^0,5.

Kugwiritsa kumveka voltages kwa mawailesi

Voteji kumveka chodabwitsa si thupi chidwi chodabwitsa. Iwo imathandiza kwambiri mu opanda zingwe mauthenga luso - wailesi, TV, telephony ma. Transmitters ntchito kufala mafoni a mudziwe kwenikweni muli circuitry kwa anayankha zikusonyeza pa pafupipafupi yeniyeni aliyense chipangizo amatchedwa chotengera pafupipafupi. Kudzera mwa kupatsira mlongoti olumikizidwa kwa chopatsilira, izo limatulutsa mafunde mu atomu pa chonyamulira pafupipafupi.

The mlongoti pa ena kumapeto transceiver njira walandira chizindikiro Nawalanditsa kuti alandire dera la lakonzedwa anayankha zikusonyeza pa chonyamulira pafupipafupi. N'zoonekeratu kuti mlongoti analandira kuchuluka chizindikiro pa mafurikwense osiyana, osati kutchula phokoso lambiri. Chifukwa kukhalapo pa chipangizo kolandira anatsekula kuti chonyamulira pafupipafupi dera resonant, wolandirayo okha Akusankha pafupipafupi zolondola, imathandiza onse zosafunika.

Pambuyo kupeza matalikidwe modulated (AM) wailesi, wodzipereka otsika pafupipafupi chizindikiro therefrom (LF) ndi nakweza ndi kudyetsedwa kwa chipangizo phokoso kutulutsa. Izi mawonekedwe zosavuta wailesi amakhudzidwa kwambiri phokoso ndiponso kulowererapo.

Yowongolera zimene timaphunzira anayamba ndi bwino ntchito zina, njira zapamwamba kwambiri za mawailesi, amene amadziwikanso zochokera pa ntchito kachitidwe anatsekula resonant.

Pafupipafupi kusinthasintha mawu ndi FM-wailesi zochimwazo kumathetsa mavuto ambiri ndi wailesi kupatsira matalikidwe modulated chizindikiro, koma pa mtengo wa kwambiri dongosolo Kuvuta HIV. Dongosolo FM-wailesi zikumveka pakompyuta thirakiti mtima mu kusintha kwakung'ono chonyamulira pafupipafupi. Chidutswa zida kuti amachita kutembenuka kwa amatchedwa "modulator" ntchito ndi chopatsilira wa.

Choncho, wolandirayo ayenera zidzawonjezedwa kwa demodulator kwa akatembenuka mbendera kumbuyo mu mawonekedwe kuti akhoza chinaonekeranso mwa Makaniko lapansi.

Zitsanzo zina ntchito voteji kumveka

Kumveka voltages monga mfundo yofunika amadziwikanso kuwonjezekeredwa mu circuitry ya Zosefera angapo, ankagwiritsa ntchito zomangamanga magetsi kuthetsa zoipa ndi osafunika zizindikiro, ndi kuwongola ndi pulsation kupoletsa chizindikiro sinusoidal.