Social ndi zothandiza anthu kudziwa - ndi ... Mwatsatanetsatane kwa kudziwa chikhalidwe ndi zothandiza anthu

Social ndi zothandiza anthu kudziwa - kukhala ndi maonekedwe a anthu chipangizo. Kuyesetsa kumvetsa kulunjika kwa zimenezo.

Mokoma sayansi ndi chikhalidwe ndi zaumunthu

Panopa, pali vuto monga gulu la sayansi ndi chikhalidwe ndi zaumunthu. Ena olemba analimbikitsa subdivide iwo mu zaumunthu ndi sayansi chikhalidwe. Ena amakhulupirira kuti kugawanika yosayenera. Chotero kusagwirizana maganizo inali nthawi yabwino kwa Institute of kudziwa chikhalidwe ndi anthu.

Zimaonetseratu Sciences Social

Iwo ndi kuphunzira zambiri za anthu ndi zonse za m'minda yake alipo: malamulo, ndale, a zachuma. Pofuna kupeza bwino peculiarities wa zaumunthu ndi ofufuza imachitika Kafukufuku, kupenda kusintha zikuchokera utsogoleli. Mwa sayansi ndi chikhalidwe kusiyanitsa jurisprudence, sayansi ndale, mbiri, nzeru, zachuma.

zaumunthu

Mu dongosolo lawo pali maphunziro achipembedzo, maphunziro chikhalidwe, maganizo, pedagogy. Mu zaumunthu ndi sayansi chikhalidwe ndi zambiri zofanana, kotero kukuchititsa zimenezi chigawo wapadera wa chidziwitso.

umboni

Lililonse kudziwa umoyo-zothandiza anthu - ndi malo osiyana sayansi, kuti ali ndi zizindikiro zina Payenera kukhala. Mwa maonekedwe a sayansi chikhalidwe ndi zaumunthu zikusonyezera kufunika kutenga nkhani chodabwitsa cha ufulu. Ngati ndi sayansi (zimapangidwira, zamoyo, sayansi) lolunjika pa kafukufuku wa kusintha kwa zinthu zachilengedwe kugwirizana ndi zinyama, ndi umoyo-zothandiza anthu kudziwa - makamaka kuphunzira zochita za anthu mu luso, malamulo ntchito zachuma. ntchito anthu sizikuchitika, yachitika. Ngati njira zachilengedwe palibe ufulu, kuti zochita za anthu zimadalira kwathunthu. N'chifukwa chake sayansi chikhalidwe ndi zaumunthu - osachepera ndithu, Wonenedwa pazipita.

Features wa sayansi chikhalidwe ndi zaumunthu

Limatchula za dera limeneli ndi kuti ndikofunika kuphunzira zenizeni zotengera malingaliridwe. Ngati chinthu kuphunzira sayansi ndi zinthu zakuthupi, zaumunthu akuchitanso kafukufuku kachitidwe chuma, motero kusanthula cholinga chenicheni. mbiri umoyo-zothandiza anthu amagwirizana ndi chikumbumtima anthu. Popeza yekha, kuti ndi chibadidwe nkhani iliyonse, kuchita kafukufuku umenewu ndi zovuta. Kwa anthu ambiri, kuzunza nkhani inayake palibe. Iwo angakhoze kokha kuona maonekedwe akunja mu mawonekedwe a mawu ndi zochita, amene amalamulidwa ndi chikumbumtima. Ndi iye ozungulira amayang'anitsitsa interlocutor. Koma vuto lagona pa choona kuti mu ukali kunja mwina kubisa chigawenga weniweni, kapena munthu osatetezeka kwambiri.

mavuto

Institute of Social ndi ovutika Knowledge anakumana ndi vuto, monga chikumbumtima changwiro. Iwo ali zina thupi katundu ndi mankhwala, monga makutidwe ndi okosijeni, ndi valence kuyang'anira phata la. Maonekedwe ake ndi kuti ethereal, yovula. Ndipotu mfundo operekedwa mu maonekedwe ake abwino, kaya chonyamulira mwachindunji - ubongo. Pazifukwa izi, sikutheka kuti akonze chikumbumtima njira cholinga. mmene anthu sangathe anayeza ndi mtsogoleri, kudziwa dynamometer. A zosiyanasiyana mankhwala ndi zipangizo thupi n'zotheka kuti akagwire yekha njira thupi la ubongo zomwe ndi onyamula kutsitsimuka. Mwachitsanzo, ndi zotheka pafupipafupi malemeredwe maselo mitsempha, kapangidwe awo okhudza malo. Kuzunza anam'patsa monga mkati, zokumana nazo zotengera malingaliridwe. Iwo sangakhoze kudziwa zipangizo akhoza kuoneka. Ngakhale mavuto onse amene alipo mu kuphunzira kwa anthu auzimu, iwo akhoza kukhala akuluakulu. mbiri umoyo-zothandiza anthu kumaphatikizapo kuphunzira zambiri za kulankhula ndi zochita za anthu, nzeru za dongosolo, zikuchokera, ntchito za chikumbumtima anthu.

njira

Kapangidwe ka kudziwa chikhalidwe ndi zothandiza anthu N'zosatheka njira lalikulu chifundo ndi kudzipenda. Kudzipenda latembenuzidwa kuchokera ku Latin zikutanthauza kudziletsa kuonerera, kuphunzira moyo wauzimu, Khadili m'miyoyo yawo. Iwo amalola kuti kudziwa malingaliro ake omwe. Popanda kuli njira imeneyi, munthu sangathe kuliphunzira, naweruzire izo.

Chisoni (amachoka mu chingelezi zikumveka ngati chifundo) ndi malowedwe a munthu mu dziko lamkati la ena, amaonera maganizo makhalidwe ake payekha anthu ena. Institute for Social ndi zaumunthu kuganizira kafukufuku amalipira kudziwa maganizo ofanana mwa mtima umodzi magulu, amene pamodzi zowawa kuipa ndi mavuto. njira zachokera chifundo, kuti ndi makonzedwe mkati (wachifundo) kwa munthu aliyense.

chifundo

Izo zikhoza kuganiziridwa kukwiya chikomokere zabwino ziyenera a zochita anthu, zochokera zinachitikira kulankhulana. Ndi Kumaonetsa commonality pakati pa anthu osiyana. Limatchula za chidziwitso umoyo-zothandiza anthu kwagona kuti adzawononga yekha ntchito chifundo ndi kudzipenda. Mu kuphunzira njira zachilengedwe njira zimenezi sizikhudza.

Wapadera zinthu pansi kuphunzira

System umoyo-zothandiza anthu kudziwa ali ndi digiri yapamwamba ya wapadera zinthu. Iwo adzalandira akonzedwa wapadera katundu zenizeni, amene akuwonjezera mavuto kulenga dongosolo logwirizana la kafukufuku dera anthu. Ngati sayansi ndi anakumana ndi mawu ochepa chabe, ndi zamoyo ndi mitengo iwiri ya paini, mphunzitsi kapena loya ayenera kugwira ntchito ndi anthu awiri osiyana kwambiri. Poyerekeza mankhwala anachita ndi kukula kwa birch ndi kukonza chuma, tiona kuti adzatenga njira zosiyanasiyana kuti aziphunzira awo mwatsatanetsatane. Pakuti madera luso ndi chilengedwe cha ntchito njira munthu kwenikweni, chifukwa zinthu takambirana mu sayansi izi, yofanana. Kusiyanaku makamaka sikuthandiza, kotero iwo akhoza munayiwala. Ndipo pano pa aphunzitsi, akatswiri a zamaganizo, loya sizingatheke kunyalanyaza munthu. Gulu la sayansi chikhalidwe ndi zaumunthu imagwira, ngati pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana uliwonse sayansi.

Kufotokoza zinthu chikhalidwe ndi zothandiza anthu

Kuti tichite zimenezi, muyenera kukhazikitsa ndi yosonyezera lamulo makamaka malo enieni. Apo ayi, zidzaunikidwa sangathe mokwanira za chinthu, kumgwira kanthu. Kuzindikira makhalidwe umoyo maganizo a munthu kapena chikhalidwe gulu panopa ntchito gulu mtima. Phunziro ngati ndi ovuta kwambiri kuposa kuphunzira dziko lauzimu la munthu aliyense payekha. Kuwulula maganizo ndi kuthandauza wapadera wagawo, ndicho, kusankha makhalidwe umoyo maganizo.

phunziro aligorivimu

Institute for Social ndi zaumunthu (Kazan, Russia) kwa nthawi yaitali wakhala kuyamba ndondomeko ya zochita umalimbana kuphunzira mbali yapadera nkhani moyo. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, mbali ziwiri zazikulu akhala kuzindikiridwa:

• zizindikiro za mabungwe osiyanasiyana, komanso digiri yake;
• Poyerekeza maphunziro osiyana, mtima pa chifukwa cha maonekedwe enieni, akudzizindikiritsa aliyense maganizo.

Ngati si ikuchitika fanizo amenewa, tikambirana za phunziro la umunthu, kutsitsimuka, koma osati mtima. Zamaganizo ndi akatswiri akumvetsa kufunika kutenga nkhani malamulo a ntchito kwa zinthu. Mu dera chikhalidwe ndi zothandiza anthu malamulo malo amodzi ntchito. Ali ndi causality probabilistic, m'badwo wa chifukwa zosankha zake. N'chifukwa chake maulosi onse sayansi ndi chikhalidwe ndi zaumunthu ndi zoyerekeza, ndi luso ndi chilengedwe - bwino ndi yeniyeni.

Mwa maonekedwe a ankaona malangizo sankhani ndi zochepa ntchito kuyesera awo mwakhama. Mwachitsanzo, pamene Kuphunzira mbiri ya dziko woti tikambirane kuyesera ndi zosayenera, chifukwa zochitika zachitika kale. Inu simungakhoze ntchito kafukufuku mu Chaanthu kwa kusanthula a mgwirizano wa mayiko. Zosayenera ndi kuyesera mu phunziro cha kusamuka. Mwachindunji pachithunzichi kusuntha anthu, kusintha moyo wawo, malipiro ake, dongosolo banja, kuti mtundu wa zotsatira. Komanso, pali malire koyenela kufufuza mu sayansi chikhalidwe ndi zaumunthu. Zoletsedwa zatsopano, zomwe zingasokoneze thanzi la munthu, manyazi ulemu wa munthu, kupeputsa ulamuliro. Chifukwa chosadziŵa ya maziko wazotsatira m'dera lino adzakhala zochepa zodalirika kuposa mu amalanga luso. lathu Social amagwiritsa ena sayansi i:

• rationality;
• conclusiveness;
• experimental ndi othandiza verifiability;
• luso kusewera zinthu wazotsatira;
• essentiality.

Umboni m'munsi mwa mkombero chikhalidwe ndi zothandiza anthu zochepa kwambiri ndi aakulu kuposa mu sayansi yeniyeni. chifukwa sikokwanira chiwerengero udindo ongolankhula ndi mfundo anakhazikitsa. Nthawi zambiri, m'malo malamulo, zamaganizo ndi aphunzitsi ambiri intuitively kufufuza zinthu zina.

Pomaliza

Mu dera zothandiza anthu wazotsatira verifiability akusonyeza ntchito kuyang'anila zoyankhulana, mafunso, kuyezetsa. Kubwezeretsa mfundo zimatheka ngati pali zotsatira za maphunziro zowerengera nkhani kumatanthauza. Ngati inu mumachitira kuyesera sichitha, amaona njira ina umboni zingapo zopangira. Mwachitsanzo, mu jurisprudence, pedagogy ntchito umboni ophunzira chochitika. zinthu zonse zimangokhala chikhalidwe ndi akuona zovuta Mipikisano mlingo masanjidwe machitidwe yomanga. Pofuna kufufuza bwinobwino dongosolo, izo zimatengera nthawi zochuluka nthawi.

German nzeru zapamwamba Wilhelm Dilthey anati muyezo waukulu osiyana mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya sayansi ndi njira ntchito. Zinali wasayansi German amanena kugawanitsa sayansi onse anthu akuyendayenda mzimu, ndi amene akufufuza malamulo a chilengedwe. Osati kokha kusanthula munthuyo, komanso ankadziwa malemba, Mabuku ankagwiritsa ntchito kayendedwe ka chikhalidwe-anthu. Kumvetsa ndi kutanthauzira zinthu zina kuthandiza zamaganizo, aphunzitsi, maloya, kupirira ntchito onsewa mu malo oyamba kuphunzira makhalidwe munthu aliyense payekha.