Lero Loyera - imodzi mwa zovuta kwambiri pa lingaliro la Russia pa nthawi

Nthawi zabwino mu Chingerezi zimaonedwa kuti ndizovuta kwambiri ku Russia. Kuchokera nthawi ino ndizosamvetsetseka kuganiza kwa Chirasha ndipo alibe chilankhulidwe cha chinenero chathu. Koma kwa ophunzira a Chingerezi choyambirira, nkofunika kutsogoleredwa ndi Ingilizce Present Presenting Timenti. Inde, masiku ano, anthu a ku Britain samagwiritsa ntchito nthawiyi ndikudabwa ndi iwo omwe amalankhula momveka molingana ndi malamulo a chinenerochi. Komabe, muyenera kuphunzira momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito nthawiyi moyenera. Ndipotu, chidziwitso chachilendo cha chinenero china chimatipatsa zambiri zokhudzana ndi moyo.

Pemphani Nthawi Yoyenera

Choncho, ndikofunika kumvetsetsa ndi kumvetsetsa momwe mungamangire bwino nthawi ino, kugwiritsa ntchito malamulo onse. Pofuna kufotokoza momveka bwino malingaliro anu m'chinenero china chilichonse, nkofunika kumvetsetsa ndi kumvetsetsa malamulo onse a nthawi yake.

Kuti apange chiganizo panthawi Yopatsa Nthawi Yoyenera, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito vesi lothandizira kukhala ndi liwu lopatulika (semantic) mu mawonekedwe achitatu, ngati ndilo lingaliro losavomerezeka kapena ndi kuwonjezera kwa mapeto.

Mwachitsanzo: Iye wachita kale ntchito yake. "Wachita kale ntchito yake."

Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti nthawi ino sichigwiritsidwe ntchito mu Chingerezi mu ziganizo ndi zinthu zomwe zikuwonetsera nthawi yotsiriza. E. Ndi nthawi ya malo, malo.

Mwachitsanzo: Ndinamuwona ku filimu. "Ndamuwona iye m'mafilimu."

Pogwiritsira ntchito Pulogalamu Yamakono Yomweyi, kutsindika sikuli pa nthawi, koma pamapeto pake.

Kotero, anthu ochepa okha amadziwa, koma kwa anthu omwe amaphunzira Chingerezi mozama, m'pofunika kudziwa kuti Lero Loyera Losavuta limagawidwa mu Perfect Tense 1, 2, 3.

Nthawi Yoyenera 1

Anayesetsera kufotokoza zomwe zakwaniritsidwa, zomwe zatha, koma panthawi imodzimodzi gawo la mphindi ino. Nthawi ino akuyankha funsolo: "Chinatani?"

Mwachitsanzo: Iye sanachite ntchito yake pano. "Iye sanachite ntchito yake ya pakhomo."

Iye wangoyamba kumene. "Anangoyitana basi."

Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti pofuna kufotokoza boma, nthawi yosavuta ikugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mwachitsanzo: Akudwala. - Iye akudwala / akudwala.

NB Mavuto a nthawi angagwiritsidwebe ntchito mu nthawi yeniyeni yangwiro . Tikhoza kunena kuti zinthu zotsatirazi za nthawiyi ndizofunikira nthawi yabwino. Kotero:

• Iye anangoyitana apa.
• Iye wayamba kale kugwira ntchito yake.
• Sindinayambe ndapita ku London.
• Nthawi zonse (Kodi munayamba mwafika ku London? - Kodi mwakhalapo ku London?);
• Komabe (sindinayambe nditachitapo kanthu kunyumba kwanga. - Sindinayambe ntchito yanga ya pakhomo pano);
• Posachedwapa wakhala akukhumudwa posachedwapa.
• Sabata ino, tsiku, chaka ndi zina. Ndinakumana naye katatu lero.

Phunziro Loyera T. 1 silinagwiritsidwe ntchito pamagulu a mafunso ndi "pamene ...".

Nthawi zina zinthu zimakhala zosavuta kumvetsetsa, ndipo panopa timagwiritsa ntchito nthawi yomwe ikufunika.

Mwachitsanzo: Ndangobwera kuchokera ku Paris. "Ndangobwera kuchokera ku Paris."

Kodi mwakhala nthawi yayitali? "Kodi mwakhalapo nthawi yayitali?"

Onetsani T. Olungama 2

Nthawi Yoyenerera 2 imagwira ntchito yomweyi monga Nthawi Yopambana Yopitirira. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kufotokoza zochitika zomwe zinayamba m'mbuyomo komanso zatsikira lero kapena zatha nthawi yayitali komanso, makamaka, idzapitirira mtsogolomu. Monga lamulo, mawu omveka oterewa akuphatikizapo ndondomeko za, kuyambira posachedwapa, posachedwapa.

Mwachitsanzo: Ndagawana naye zaka makumi awiri. - Ndinathetsa naye zaka 20.

Onetsani T. Olungama 3

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazochitika zomwe zochitika zina zimachitika pokhapokha patapita nthawi zina. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, nthawi ino sitingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi mawu akuti "nthawi", koma muzochitika zomwe zilipo mtsogolomu, muyenera kuzigwiritsa ntchito mogwirizana ndi lamuloli. Izi, ndithudi, siziri zomveka bwino kuyamba pomwe, koma ngati mumvetsetsa, mukhoza kumvetsa kuti malingaliro onsewa alipo.

Mwachitsanzo: Ndikadutsa mayeso anga onse, ndimapita kunyumba. - Ndikapambana mayeso onse, ndimapita kunyumba.

Pitirizani Kukhala Wangwiro

Panthawiyi, imagawanikanso muzosankha: 1 st ndi 2 nd.

Amapangidwa mothandizidwa ndi kapangidwe kakhala (chitoliro chothandizira) ndi kuwonjezera mapeto-a mawu achichepere. Nthawi ino akuyankha funsolo: "Munachita chiyani?"

Nthawi Yopereka Chidziwitso Chokwanira 1 chikugwiritsidwa ntchito kufotokoza zomwe zinachitika kale, koma zimatha mpaka pakali pano ndipo mwina zidzakwaniritsidwa mtsogolomu. Monga momwe mukuonera, ntchito yomweyi imagwiridwa ndi T perfect Perfect T. 2. Koma pakati pa nthawiyi pali mzere wabwino umene munthu amene amalankhula chinenerochi ayenera kumva. Kotero, mmalo mwa Continius Yoyamba 1, tikhoza kugwiritsa ntchito Present Perfect 2 muzifukwa izi:

1. Ndi zeni zenizeni. Ndikofunikira kudzidula wekha pamphuno zomwe zowonongeka zowonongeka sizikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zenizeni. Ndipo mwachidziwitso, Kupitiriza mwa njira iliyonse sikuyenera kuyendetsedwa ndi zenizeni.
2. Muziganiziro zoipa: Sindinawerenge kanthu kalikonse kwa zaka zambiri. "Sindinawerenge kalikonse kosangalatsa kwa zaka zambiri."
3. Ndi zowona zowonjezera. Kawirikawiri, kusonyeza kuti zinthu zinayamba kale ndipo zikupitirira mpaka lero: Ndakhala ndikukhala mumsewuwu. "Ndimakhala mumsewuwu nthawi zonse."

Phunziro Loyera 2 liyankha funsolo: "Chinatani?" Ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yomwe zochitazo zakhalapo posachedwapa ndipo zimakhudza zochitika panthawiyi kapena zimafotokozera zomwe zilipo pakalipano.

Mwachitsanzo: Njirayo ndi yonyowa. Kwagwa mvula. - Msewuwo umanyowa. Kunagwa mvula.

Zakale Zangwiro

Ichi ndi chinthu chomaliza chomwe chimaonedwa kuti ndi chakale, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ndi zochitika zina, koma osati mwachindunji.

Ngati mwachita kale ndi mutu womwe ukufotokozedwa pamwambapa, zidzakhala zovuta kumvetsetsa izi. Pambuyo pa zonse, Zakale Zangwiro, Zakale Zakale, Zomwe Zilipo Masiku Ano zili ndi ntchito zofanana, koma pali kusiyana pakati pawo.

Zomwe Zatha Zapangidwe zimapangidwa mothandizidwa ndi vesi lothandizira kukhala ndi nthawi yapitayi ndi vesi lachilankhulo ndi mapeto, ndipo ngati nthano ili yolakwika, iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu mawonekedwe achitatu.

Kotero, nthawi ino imagawidwa muzinthu zitatu: 1 st, 2 nd, 3rd.

Zakale Zomwe Zangwiro Zagwiritsidwa ntchito zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kufotokoza zochita zomwe zatsirizidwa kale panthawi ina.

Mwachitsanzo: Nditafika pa siteshoni, basi inali itapita. - Nditafika pa siteshoniyo, basi inali itatsala kale.

Zakale Zangwiro Zachiwiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kufotokoza zochitika zomwe zinayambira pa nthawi inayake ndipo zidatha kufikira nthawi ina yapitayi. Pezani zofanana kuti muwonetsere nthawi yeniyeni?

Kawirikawiri Zapita Zopitirira Zokwanira ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu mkhalidwe uno, koma Zakale Zangwiro 2 zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zotsatirazi:

• Ndi zeni zenizeni. (Tidadziwa kuti akhala mabwenzi kuyambira ali mwana) - Tidadziwa kuti akhala mabwenzi kuyambira ali mwana.
• Mamasulidwe oipa.
• Ndi zizindikiro zamphamvu. Mu mkhalidwe uno, kusiyana pakati pa kupitiriza ndi kungokhala kwangwiro sikukuwonekeratu.

Zakale Zangwiro 3 zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kufotokoza zochitika zomwe zidzachitike m'tsogolo.

Mwachitsanzo: Iye adanena kuti adzabwera kokha atapempha kupepesa. "Iye adanena kuti adzabwera kokha atapempha kuti akhululukidwe."

Koma funso limabwera chifukwa chake British ntchito zambiri. Yankho ndi lophweka. Chingerezi monga dongosolo mu chirichonse. Choncho, pazifukwa zilizonse, munthu wa Chingerezi adzapeza nthawi yapadera, zomwe zingathandize bwino kupeza lingaliro lofunikira.