Linali dzina la agogo Lermontov n'chiyani? Home mkazi moyo ndakatulo ndi

Dzina la Russian ndakatulo Mihaila Yurevicha Lermontova ndi bwino kuti aliyense. ntchito zake aphatikizidwa ku maphunziro a kusukulu, ndi kukumbukira wolemba prose, Wolemba wina amakhala mu mitima ya admirers ambiri a luntha lake, ndipo tsopano, patatha zaka zingapo. A mbali yaikulu mu mapangidwe umunthu wa mmodzi wa olemekezeka olemba XIX-XX zaka anatenga agogo ake. Komabe, anthu amene sanamve kanthu za izo, kufunsa mafunso okhudza amene mkaziyo anali. Chifukwa iye anali kusamalira? linali dzina la agogo Lermontov n'chiyani? Nkhaniyi itithandiza ndiyese kupeza mayankho.

Nthawi zonse, nthawi zonse kumbali

Mu zaka za ubwana ndi kukula wolemba m'tsogolo cholowa waponya kwambiri ndi mayesero - ngakhale wakhanda mayi anamwalira, kusiya mwana wake mu chisamaliro cha abale. bambo awo anali sanachite, koma chifukwa maphunziro ali ankaganiza amene amakondadi iye.

linali dzina la agogo Lermontov n'chiyani? Zinali amphamvu kwambiri-akadafuna, amphamvu mkazi amene wapangidwa nthano amene ankadziwa aliyense mwa oyandikana nawo, koma nthawi zonse penapake kumbali. N'chifukwa chiyani iye kuchita izo? Ine safuna kamodzinso kudzikumbutsa tokha, kukusokonezani mdzukulu wake yemwe anali nawo pa chilengedwe. Pambuyo pa imfa ya ndakatulo za udindo wake mu moyo wake timawerenga kuwunikira. Mosakayikira, mbali iyi ndi yaikulu chifukwa kwenikweni, Agogo m'malo osati amayi, iye wakhala bwenzi komanso wothandizira wa Mikhail Yurevich. linali dzina la agogo Lermontov n'chiyani?

Aliyense kukongola mtengo mtundu mtima

Elizaveta Alekseevna Arseneva anabadwa mu 1773. Iye anali wamtali ndi m'malo kovuta. Komanso sitinganene kuti okongola, koma malingaliro ndi bizinezi lili ndi akatswiri akhoza nsanje. Agogo a ndakatulo Lermontov a Stolypin wotchuka banja, bambo wake asankha kwa malo manenjala wa chigawocho Penza. Kuwonjezera ana ake ndi ana khumi.

Mu 1795, Elizabeth A. anabereka mwana wake yekha Mary. Chifukwa cha mavuto ake thanzi kwa gawo wamkazi wa mwamuna - Michael V. - chibwenzi ndi mnzace, mwinimunda. mkaziyo sanali ufulu, zinachititsa kuti chigamulo cha Mikhail kutenga poizoni.

Ndekha ndi mwana wake, tsogolo la agogo Lermontov ndi Elizabeth A., osakwatiwa-handedly kulamulira dzina lomwe, Ndiyenera kuvomereza nthawi kuti ankaona olemera: zilipo, kunali mazana asanu serfs, limene limakhudza kwambiri kwambiri. The mwamphamvu ndi mphamvu ya chifuniro kwakukulukulu akuwonetseredwa mu chikhalidwe ndi mu zaka izi.

wosasangalala ubwana

Mary M., mwana wamkazi Elizabeth Alekseevna, kukwatira seventini ndipo anakakhala kumudzi Tarkhany, kenako anadzatchedwa ndi dzina la wolemba. Izo sizinali amphamvu kwambiri, pamene tikuyandikira tsiku lobadwa, mwamuna anamutengera Moscow. Pamenepo, usiku wa 14 October 15, 1814 anabadwa ndakatulo m'tsogolo. Patapita masiku angapo, pa October 23 ubatizo wa Michael. agogo Lermontov ndi Elizabeth A., anakhala godmother wake.

Mogwirizana m'banja sizinakhalitse. Otchulidwa ndi matenda mafumu akazi anali chifukwa cha kusagwirizana ubale wa pakati pa makolo a ndakatulo m'tsogolo. Iwo utakhazikika mzake; Yuri Petrovich anayamba yochepa chibwenzi pamene mkazi anatsutsa, anayamba kumumenya. Chotero ndichisangalalo unakhazikitsidwa kwawo. Izi zachititsa kuti chitukuko cha matenda wadutsa mu matenda watsopano - chifuwa chachikulu. Atamwalira Maria Mikhailovna mu 1817 bambo atabwerera wake malo banja, kusiya mwana wake agogo akewo.

Wolimba Elizabeth A. ndayesera kuti ndizichita chirichonse kwa mdzukulu wawoyo. Michael analibe athanzi, anadwala scrofula. Pozindikira chakuti onsewo ndi otsatira a mtundu wa agogo Lermontov ankafuna kupereka zonse zimene ngongole. Kotero, iye anali kumasulidwa ku French Dr. Anselm Lewis, Myuda ndi kubadwa, kotero kuona Michael. Kenako ubwana ndi mphamvu ya wolemba Elizabeth Alekseevna adzasonyeza zimenezo ntchito zambiri, monga mu "The nthano" ndi German "Menschen und Leidenschaften". Komabe, odziwa okhazikika Lermontoff yekha. Iye analibe abwenzi, anzawo amene angakhale ngati okonda, chifukwa iye anamverera wosasangalala ndipo tinataika. zinamuchitikira onse, anasamutsa pepala, kenako natenga maonekedwe a ndakatulo owala, zochitikazi ndipo nkhani yochepa.

Kuyesa amapezeka mbali ziwiri za chikhalidwe cha duel amapha

Wolemba ndakatulo tsogolo amakhala wamkulu. Ndi atate wake, Elizaveta Alekseevna Arseneva, agogo Lermontov, akhala adalowa pangano limene izo undertakes kuphunzitsa pamaso kubadwa kwake chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chimodzi. Komabe, iye anamukonda kwambiri kuti mpongozi anamukakamiza kuti kutenga Michael yekha, kunena za zaka akuyandikira akale. Mikhail anavomera.

Wolemba ulendo. Ine ndinali mu Caucasus, wotchedwa pa St. Petersburg, ndi ku Stavropol ndi Pyatigorsk. Ndipo anapeza anapuma Major Nikolai Martynov omwe. Monga anavomereza ndi yamasika, pakati pa iwo nthawi zonse maganizo, Lermontov anapezerapo mwayi kupanga nthabwala moti kamodzi mukusautsika Martynov omwe. Pa pempho kusiya Lermontov anayankha kovuta duel a.

Amadziwika kuti wolemba ankakonda kuwombera. The duel amapha zinachitika July 27, 1841. Mu achidule, wolemba ndakatulo kuwomberedwa mu mpweya, ndi Goliyati - pachifuwa chake. Patapita masiku awiri, maliro anatenga malo a wolemba, amene nkhani zambiri anthu amene ankamudziwa. Wace aikha mu Pyatigorsk. Elizabeth A. akatulukire kwa mfumu ndi pempho kaye manda m'mudzi Tarkhany, kumene ndakatulo anakhala ubwana wake. M'chaka cha 1842 zinachitika pa reburial wa Lermontov.

Agogo Muyaya

Ngakhale atamwalira, iye yekha anatanganidwanso iye ku manda a wokondedwa munthu mmodzi anatsalira kumudzi kwawo. Monga dzina agogo Lermontov, zimenezi kulimbikira chosadzikonda mkazi kusonyeza chitsanzo cha mmene woona wa kuwala, okhoza ndi mtima wachikondi? Elizabeth A. anapita mu mbiri monga woyamba ndi mkazi otsiriza mu moyo a ndakatulo iyi, amene odzipereka yekha wolera izo.

Iye anali mmodzi yekha m'zonse. Iwo kulondera kwa iye iye akhadikhira mauthenga atsopano. Pambuyo uthenga wa imfa yake, Elizabeth A. sikuloledwa kunena mokweza dzina la chidzukulu, kapena wina aliyense wolemba. thanzi lake akhala akuvutika kwambiri, anataya ntchito mapazi ake, kufikira imfa yake iye analemekeza chikumbukiro Mikhail Yurevich.

Elizabeth A. anapulumuka pafupifupi wake wonse banja - wamkazi, mwamuna ndi adzukulu. Iye anamwalira mu 1845, anaikidwa m'chipinda chotetezeka banja. Mosiyana ndi zipilala ndi busts mdzukulu ili mu Pyatigorsk, Penza, St. Petersburg, Taman Tarkhany, Grozny, Kislovodsk, Moscow ndipo ngakhale Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia), si chipilala.