Mafanizo Chalk: Zida ndi zipangizo

zosiyanasiyana zida kujambula angagwiritsidwe ntchito mu ntchito ya ntchito zojambulajambula. Mitundu ya zida zimenezi, pali ambiri, komanso zipangizo kwa cholinga chomwecho. Anthu ambiri ndi chikhalidwe cha ntchito zake internally kuchita zojambula angapo, ntchito zojambula. Choncho ndi Zida zogwiritsira kujambula, odzaza pa nkhani yapadera. Mu msika lero pali kujambula zida lakonzedwa kuchita zosiyanasiyana ntchito likutipatsa zosiyana wosiyana mtolo.

Komabe, mugule ndi alipidwa kujambula zida ngati n'koyenera. Moscow, St. Petersburg ndiponso mizinda ina ya dziko - kulikonse mugule izi zida otchuka ndi zothandiza. Kenako m'nkhani ife adzamvetsa mwatsatanetsatane zimene zipangizo kujambula ndi zipangizo alipo pa msika lero.

Mitundu katundu ntchito ntchito likutipatsa

Zojambula okha, nthawi zambiri ntchito pepala. Kuchita mtundu wa zithunzi ntchito kalasi yache. Kuwonjezera pepala, okonza ndi akatswiri ntchito zida izi kujambula ndi Chalk, monga:

• pensulo ndi pensulo yosavuta wakuda;

• erasers;

• mizere kutalika osiyana;

• mabwalo;

• protractors;

• Zimalondolera amitundumitundu;

• dongosolo.

Nthawi zambiri kujambula pepala wokwera pa bolodi wapadera. machenjerero awa mpata zithunzi ntchito ndi mayiko pazipita.

Paper Kodi

bwinobwino anasankha apamwamba woyera pepala kuchita zojambula. Izi zikhoza kukhala losatheka olembedwa kuti: "O" kapena "B". Pepala "Pa" (zonse) akupezeka mitundu iwiri: yosavuta patsogolo. Njira yamasika ali osalimba apamwamba ndi kuwumitsa osiyana. Apamwamba khalidwe pepala oyenera kupanga zithunzi za "B" Ndi bwino. Iwo ali angwiro mtundu woyera, kusalala osiyana kapena "shaggy" pogwiritsa ntchito chofufutira. Pofuna kuwasiyanitsa ndi mitundu ina akhoza alang'ana kuwala. Pa pepala opanga ntchito watermark. Kuwonjezera pepala woyera, kutsatira pepala ndi pepala Zithunzi iwonso ntchito kuchita zojambula lapansi.

matabwa Special

Mafanizo katundu angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi akatswiri ndi okonza, zosiyana. Bolodi mu ntchito zithunzi akatswiri - lingaliro nthawi zambiri kuvomerezedwa. chida ichi chapangidwa kuchokera ku softwood (mwachitsanzo, alder). Chinali cholinga makamaka magawowa chilengedwe zithunzi. chipangizo Izi ndi angapo anasonkhana ku slats wina ukonde mbale ananamizira mapeto. M'litali, m'lifupi ndi makulidwe a bolodi kwa mujambule chitha kukhala osiyana.

mapensulo

Mwina chida chachikulu ntchito pamene kugwira ntchito kujambula. Mapensulo, pali atatu okha mitundu zofunika:

• Olimba. chimake Izi ikusonyezedwa ndi kalata "T" ndi ntchito zoona, kuchita zojambula.

• Sing'anga kuuma. Zida za mtundu zambiri amalembedwa ndi zilembo "TM". Amagwiritsa ntchito iwo kusisita pa chomaliza chithunzicho.

• Zofewa. mapensulo awa ntchito kujambula yekha. "M" amalembedwa ndi kalata.

Kuwonjezera pensulo kuchita zojambula mu zina, inki angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Izo zinabala mu mbale. Okonza ndi akatswiri zambiri ntchito inki yakuda, ngakhale mtundu zingakhale zosiyana. Ngati chida ntchito, mu nkhani iyi, nthenga wapadera.

Erasers

Mafanizo Chalk a mitundu ntchito kuchotsa molakwa anachita kapena wothandiza mizere. Pamene zojambula ntchito makamaka awiri mitundu erasers: cholinga kuchotsa pensulo ndi kumulondolera kudzera mzere mitembo. Chimake choyamba amakhala ndi ntchito softness ndi sikumangotikhudza pepala wosanjikiza ndi kuchotsa kokha pensulo pa. Erasers kwa mascara muli zina nkhanza ndi erasing sanded pepala.

olamulira

Izi zosiyanasiyana zipangizo zojambula mukhoza kupanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri izi matabwa, zitsulo kapena mapulasitiki. Njira yamasika imatengedwa kuchita Zojambula abwino kwambiri. Transparent pulasitiki wolamulira lalifupi, ngati mapensulo, - waukulu ntchito chida injiniya kapena mlengi.

Musanagwiritse ntchito mzere latsopano la cheke kuvomerezedwa olondola. Chifukwa chaichi izo aikidwa pa pepala ndi malire. Kenako, titembenuzire mzere kuti mbali zina ndi kuthera Mbali ina. Ngati mizere loyamba ndi lachiwiri pa pepala limafotokozera, ndiye mzere chabwino ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa ntchito.

Pali ena Chalk kujambula kwa bolodi ndi pang'ono Mabaibulo osiyanasiyana - ndi T-lalikulu. Zida zimenezi ndizo mbali zitatu zikuluzikulu: mzere ndi mipiringidzo awiri yochepa. Mmodzi wa zomangira za sankalimbana nafe olumikizidwa kwa wolamulirayo, ndi wachiwiri akhoza zimayenda ndi ulemu pa ngodya iliyonse. Akukonzekera wina mipiringidzo kumapeto a komiti, ndi thandizo kwa T lalikulu zikhoza kuchitidwa kufanana yopingasa kapena opendekera mizere.

Zimalondolera

Chithunzi pamene ntchito likutipatsa ntchito kudzatunga mizere molunjika. Kampasi ntchito kujambula mabwalo. Species zida zimenezi, pali zinthu zingapo:

• Kuyeza Zimalondolera. Onse miyendo kutha chonchi masingano zida. Ntchito Zimalondolera a mitundu zimagwiritsa kuyeza zidutswa.

• Zimalondolera "phazi mbuzi". Chotero chida ali mwendo umodzi wokha ndi singano. Gawo lachiwiri lili ndi wapadera lonse mphete pansi pensulo pa.

• Graphic ochiritsira Zimalondolera. Pa mwendo umodzi wa zida umu singano ndi anaikapo kumapeto kwa ndodo wina graphite.

Palinso mitundu wapadera wa Zimalondolera. Mwachitsanzo, unyinji ndi batani kakang'ono ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito kudzatunga mabwalo concentric. Nthawi zina akatswiri ndi technologists amagwiritsidwanso ntchito calipers. Chida ichi ndi yabwino kwambiri kuti akokere lozungulira awiri ang'ono (0.5-8 mm).

mabwalo

Mafanizo zida za mtundu uwu zambiri ntchito yomanga kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino bwino. Pali mitundu iwiri yokha waukulu kumathandiza kupeza ngodya ntchito pochita zojambula ndi: 45:90:45 ndi 60:90:30. Monga wolamulira, zipangizo akhoza anapanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Kwambiri yabwino ntchito amaonedwa pulasitiki mandala.

protractors

Ichi ndi chida china zofunika polenga zojambula. Protractors ntchito makamaka ngati enaake lakonzedwa kuti magawowa ntchito. Ndi ntchito zawo ndi zosavuta chiwembu kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino. Protractors ndi theka-zozungulira ndipo zozungulira. Pokonzekera Zojambula chimake choyamba ntchito kawirikawiri. Palinso wapadera geodesic protractors. Kuti apange mapu topographic zambiri amagwiritsa zosinthika ya TG-B.

chito

Nthawi zina kuchita zokhotakhota chikukoka pogwiritsa ntchito kampasi n'zosatheka. Pankhaniyi, ikuchitikira pa mfundo za dzanja. Pantchito - chifukwa sitiroko apeza zokhotakhota zida apadera ntchito. Kupanga akhale osiyana. KUSANKHIDWA kujambula zida za mtundu uwu akhale ngati kuti m'mphepete awo ngati kuli kotheka mogwirizana ndi mawonekedwe a mizere zimene mukufuna kujambula.

Pankhani ya zida zojambula

Monga tanenera kale, akatswiri ndi okonza zambiri ntchito zida okonzeka zopangidwa. Amene anakhala katundu kujambula monga kujambula zida, tingaone ndi kulemba ake. Iwo amene atumikira zojambula pa mlingo katswiri, kugawana akonzedwa konsekonse. Olamulira amalembedwa ndi kalata "Y". Kuwonjezera pa chitsanzo, wopangidwa mwa kampasi, wolamulira, protractor ndi pensulo, zikuphatikizapo mascara ndi cholinga ntchito ndi zida zake.

Zambiri zojambula zida zambiri tikhale ophunzira kuti mungaphunzire. Amalembedwa ndi kalata waika ngati "W". Palinso ngati Olamulira: kapangidwe ( "K"), kamangidwe yaing'ono ( "Km") ndi lalikulu ( "KB").

Choncho, ife tiri kupezedwa, kodi zipangizo, katundu, kujambula zida ntchito mu ntchito ya zithunzi za. Popanda Zimalondolera, olamulira, mapensulo ndipo erasers kulenga zojambula zolondola ndi zovuta ntchito. Ndipo kotero zida izi, ndithudi, adzakhala akumufuna.