Iosif Vissarionovich Stalin: A MBIRI

Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili - mmodzi wa ambiri maganizo kanjedza ndale zaka mazana makumi awiri. Iye ankaganiziridwa, ndipo tsopano ambiri amakhulupirira wankhanza ndi despot, odanidwa ndi okondedwa nthawi yomweyo.

Stalin - yonena wake si kophweka, ndipo adakali ambiri a mbali kukhalabe chinsinsi mbiri yakale. Wake njira ya moyo kangapo mwadzidzidzi anasintha malangizo ake. Zovuta, wamphamvu wofuna munthu, osati kugwadira mavuto - ndicho chimene anali Iosif Stalin. Wambiri anafotokoza mitundu yonse ya anthu. I. V. Dzhugashvili mlandu mogwirizana ndi mfumu "Apolisi" ndiponso woukira. Koma, ngakhale zonse, Soviet Union anali pa msinkhu wa mphamvu yake zachuma ndi zankhondo m'chiyambi cha theka lachiwiri la m'zaka za m'ma XX, ndi zopereka zikuluzikulu zinali Stalin anapanga. Mwachidule mbiri, anapereka m'munsimu, ndi chodziwikiratu kuti athe zovuta kufotokoza talente wa munthu uyu.

December 18, 1878 kakang'ono Chijojiya m'mudzi wa Gori Iosif Stalin anabadwa. Mu zaka khumi, iye analowa seminare, kumene anasonyeza ndi dzanja yabwino, ndi malangizo a aphunzitsi zaka 16 anapita kukaphunzira ku seminare mu Tiflis.

Mu 1897, achinyamata Dzhugashvili anaphunzira za Marxism. Kuyambira nthawi kuti tsoka lake layamba kusintha mwadzidzidzi. Patapita chaka, mu August chaka cha 1898, iye anadzakhala m'Bungwe "Mesame Dasi" - yaing'ono Social-Democratic bungwe, ndipo mu chaka cha 1901 IV Dzhugashvili membala wa komiti RSDLP mzinda Tbilisi. Pali anatenga dzina la Koba ulemu mmodzi wa ngwazi za buku Aleksandra Kazbegi. Pambuyo wachiwiri Party Congress mu gulu la kugawanika ndi, chipani unagawika Bolsheviks ndi Mensheviks. Koba anatenga mbali ya woyambayo, mfundo zawo ndi wosathandiza.

Party comrades yodziwika Stalin monga chosintha oipa: zinali zofunika kwambiri kwa iye, ndipo anthu anali chabe yotithandiza. Kuzolowerana ndi Lenin kumene kunachitika mu 1905, anapanga kuganiza zosasangalatsa Iye; Stalin anakhumudwa wamkulu monga munthu. Ndi 1917, mbali yaikulu ya anthu Russia wakhala ankaikira Bolshevik kuyenda. Pa nthawi imeneyo, Stalin ndi Kamenev walunjika nyuzipepala "Pravda".

Pa la Civil nkhondo , Stalin anamuika mutu prodotdela kum'mwera. Kusokonezeka kwa nkhondo yapachiweniweni analola Kobe kusokoneza pafupifupi aliyense zothetsera nkhondo. Stalin anali chiwerengero chachikulu kwambiri za anzake - onse phwando wamba ndi atsogoleri Soviet.

Boma Soviet Dzhugashvili kale adalowa malo Commissar Anthu kwa mayiko. chofuna centralization mphamvu kwachititsa mikangano ambiri ndi atsogoleri a Georgia ndi Ukraine.

Mu 1922, Stalin anatenga malo mlembi wamkulu. Pambuyo V. I. Lenina imfa, Koba anaima pamaso pa anthu m'malo mwake. Anapulumutsa mawu ake kutsanzikana, iye anati, iye ali m'malo mwa Party ndi anthu. Iye anali kulimbikitsa anzake kuti Koba maudindo mkulu zida utsogoleri wa m'dzikolo.

Popeza anapambana pa chitsutso, Stalin anaponya magulu awo onse kufalitsa sosholisimu padziko lonse. Anthu kuzindikira kwake anali akapolo. Iwo ankayenera kuti mwina kufa kapena kuti achite. dongosolo Lake a collectivization anachititsa funde la zionetsero. Anagonjetsa wamba anasonkhana magulu nalowa nkhalango.

Chimodzimodzinso anatsogolera Stalin ndi kulimbana ndale. Onse nkhani kwambiri za kusuntha iye ku malo ake analengeza pa XVII Congress wa CPSU (b). Komanso anaperekedwa ndi dzina la Kirov. Anamveka pa tsiku loyamba la chisanu 1931 kuwombera anathyola moyo wa munthu, chimene chingalowe m'malo Stalin mu malo ake. Kupha mlandu Koba adani awo akale - Zinoviev ndi Kamenev.

Limene linayamba ndondomeko imeneyi, otchedwa yoyeretsa anakhudza anthu zinayi mamiliyoni asanu, amene pafupifupi 10 peresenti anawomberedwa. "Population" ndi Gulag zilumba panthawiyo anali pafupifupi 13 miliyoni. Man. Against maziko a zinthu zimenezi kutamanda dzina Stalin. Iwo ankamutama monga Mpulumutsi woona wa anthu; panali otchedwa mwambo mwa umunthu.

Ndi 1939, kuyeretsa yatha, Stalin anacheukira anthu mfundo yachilendo. USSR anakumana kusankha: kupita ku rapprochement ndi Britain ndi France, amene ali pafupi osati anafuna kukhala ndekha kapena kukambirana ndi Hitler. Njira chatha anali yabwino kwambiri. Nkhondo anakankhidwira kwa zaka ziwiri. Anayamba kuphunzitsa asilikali, ndiye anawulula zotsatira loyamba kuyeretsa, akuwonetseredwa mu kusowa kwa lamulo mkulu. rearmament zinachitikadi pang'onopang'ono, zomera katswiri yekha kupanga latsopano.

nkhondo kwathunthu anagogoda IV Dzhugashvili kwa njirayo, pa mwezi asilikali pafupifupi alibe utsogoleri. Pa nthawi imeneyo Stalin anali maganizo, iye anali aakulu maganizo mantha. Iye ankayenera kugwira ntchito maola 18 patsiku, nkhope yake kukopedwa, khalidwe wakhala anakwiya ndi kukwiya. Osati kukhala ndi pulani wabwino, anaphunzitsidwa ndi Zhukov, Shaposhnikov ndi atsogoleri ena ndizosowa masewera a karati. Pambuyo chigonjetso Soviet pa Nazi Germany mu atsogoleri a anthu, monga ankatchedwa Stalin, panali ena achipongwe yowala. "Mtsogoleri wamkulu," "njira wanzeru"

Mchigonjetso nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse anali apogee wa ntchito Stalin. Pang'onopang'ono, makamaka zaka makumi asanu ndi chisangalalo, anayamba pochitika. Iye ali kuthamanga kwa magazi, conspiracies ndi mantha inasanduka kukonda munthu. Sanavomere kuti adokotala chifukwa iwo sakhulupirira iwo ndi adawopa iwo. Inasokoneza misempha ndi chikhalidwe mtima waphetsa Iosifa Vissarionovicha Stalina pa zaka 75.

Iosif Stalin - yonena lake adzakhala kwathunthu kachiwiri zinalembedwa, dzina lake ndidzatsanulira matope ndipo anabwera ndi zambiri nthano, wosasamalira munthu kuti mu kuwala zoipa. Mulimonse mmene mwina, anthu ankakhala osati mu dziko losauka owonongedwa ndi mayiko amphamvu, kuwauza mawu awo m'mayiko ambiri padziko lonse. M'zaka za m'ma XX kulibenso "aluso" mtsogoleri wa dziko koposa Stalin. yonena wake, lolembedwa ndi Arsen Martirosian, kumasintha kwambiri za nthano za moyo ndi ntchito ya munthu uyu. Iye analamulira mwaukali, koma nthawi wankhanza alamula kutero. Mu moyo wa Koba izo zinkayenera zolakwika zambiri, ndipo ambiri a iwo linalipiridwa magazi a anthu wamba. Koma ku dziko laipa, anamanga mayiko amphamvu kwambiri, kupambana pa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse ndi okonzekera spacewalk lapansi.