Mastodon - ndi kholo la njovu?

Ndi palibe chinsinsi kuti m'nthawi yakaleyo anthu nyama wapadera, amene, mwatsoka, kapena mwamwayi, ife sanalenge kuwona. Koma mabwinja yaikulu yaikulu zimasonyeza kuti ukulu ndi mphamvu ya nyama izi. Choncho, m'mbuyomu, nyama ndinazolowera chilengedwe, ndipo ngakhale anthu mitundu akhoza adasandulika imawalamulira. Anthu ambiri amachita chidwi ndi nyama wapadera monga mastodon lapansi. Nyama imeneyi ndi kwa dongosolo Proboscidea, zomwe zambiri anafanana ndi amphamvu, koma analinso ndi kusiyana kwa iwo.

makhalidwe mastodons

Masiku ano, palibe amene akuganiza kuti mwina mastodon - ndi kholo la yowala njovu wamba. Waukulu wamba Mbali nyama, kumene - thunthu, komanso kukula wautali kwambiri poyerekeza ndi anthu ena zinyama. Komabe, anapezeka kuti mastodons panalibe njovu yaitali, limene ife tsopano tikhoza kuwona animals kapena pa TV.

Mastodons ankaona nyama zinatha. Ali kufanana ndi anthu ena a dongosolo Proboscidea, koma kusiyana komanso analipo. Ofunika kwambiri a iwo - izi ndi kapangidwe ka mano. Izi nyama lalikulu pamalo kutafuna wa molars anali wophatikizidwa soskoobraznye n'chodabwitsa. Koma mammoths ndi njovu pa molars ali zitunda yopingasa, omwe analekana ndi simenti.

Chiyambi cha dzina "mastodon"

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti mastodon - latembenuzidwa kuchokera ku mawu a Chigiriki "nipple", "dzino". Choncho, nyama anachokera ku mbali structural mano ake. Tikumbukenso kuti anthu ena m'dera la nsagwada m'munsi anali tusks, yomwe (monga asayansi) kusandulika kwa incisors chachiwiri.

Mastodons ankaona herbivores, sangathe kuvulaza mnansi iliyonse, mu nyumba yaikulu amatchedwa "Wildlife". Mbale chachikulu chinali kuti Proboscidea masamba a mitengo ndi zitsamba. Komabe, ngati nyama mantha, amangoika aphe nyama ili pafupi ndi kulemera zambiri choncho chifukwa kuyenda lakuthwa, mosadziwa.

Amuna, mastodons

Asayansi ena amakhulupirira kuti mastodon chiyani musalumphe kukula kwa njovu wamba. Amuna Proboscidea kumuwombera akafuna mamita atatu pa zinafota lapansi. Dziwani kuti ankakonda kukhala mosiyana nkhosa, ndiko kuti, akazi ndi ana awo. kukhwima kugonana kwawo anafika pa zaka khumi khumi. Pafupifupi mastodons anakhala ndi moyo zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi.

Komanso Dziwani kuti panali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyama (US wakhala tafotokozazi), ndipo pafupifupi onse anali ofanana. Koma kwenikweni, mastodons anali mu Africa. Zaka 35 miliyoni zapitazo. Patapita nthawi, anasamukira ku Ulaya, Asia, North America ndi South.

mfundo zosangalatsa

Mastodon (tanthauzo lophiphiritsira Kumafuna otchuka chithunzi, chinachake chachikulu, monga mastodon malonda mastodon mabuku), mosiyana ndi njovu ali tusks mu nsagwada chapamwamba ndipo m'munsi. Patapita kanthawi, dongosolo Proboscidea view zasintha chiwerengero cha tusks zochepa awiri limodzi. Asayansi apeza kuti nyama anakhala zinatha zaka pafupifupi 10,000 zapitazo. mtundu wawo, panali pafupi makumi awiri.

Baibulo lina la kutha kwa mastodons anakhala kachilombo zolengedwa zoyamwitsa TB. Koma pambuyo mofulumira awo, iwo sanali kuiwalika. Asayansi akufufuza mafupa, tusks wa mastodons, kufufuza kwatsopano ndi kulowerera mu mbiri ya nyama wapadera. Mu 2007, DNA ankafufuza nyama mano. Research watsimikizira kuti zotsalira za mastodon anali 50 130 zikwi Zaka..

Choncho, mastodon - wapadera komanso sitingathe kuphunzira nyama zazikulu kuti anali panopa padziko lapansi zikwi zapitazo ndipo anali m'gulu la nyama kwambiri wochezeka. Iwo imatsimikizirika kuti pa nthawi anayamba kudya udzu ankaona kuti masamba a mitengo ndi zitsamba, koma tusks lalikulu wogwidwa ndi kusakasaka kwambiri.